scholarly journals Evaluating the Effects of Pharmacological Levels of Zinc Oxide, Diet Acidification and Dietary Crude Protein on Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Hutchens ◽  
M. D. Tokach ◽  
S. S. Dritz ◽  
J. C. Woodworth ◽  
J. M. DeRouchey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein

94 The Effects of Dietary Crude Protein, Acidifier, and Pharmacological Levels of Zinc on Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 47-48
Author(s):  
Wade M Hutchens ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Weaning Pigs ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Main Effects

Abstract Weanling pigs (n = 360, DNA 200 × 400, initially 5.90 kg) were used to evaluate pharmacological levels of Zn (ZnO), diet acidification (sodium diformate; Addcon, Bitterfeld-Wolfen, Germany), and crude protein (18 or 21% CP) on pig performance. At weaning, pigs were assigned to treatments with 5 pigs/pen and 9 pens/treatment. Treatments were arranged in a 2×2×2 factorial with main effects of Zn (110 mg/kg from d 0 to 21 or 3,000 mg/kg from d 0 to 7, and 2,000 mg/kg from d 7 to 21), diet acidification (without or with 1.2% sodium diformate), and dietary CP (21 or 18%). The 21% CP diets were formulated to 1.40 and 1.35% SID Lys in phase 1 and 2, respectively, and 18% CP diets were formulated to 1.20% SID Lys. Experimental diets were fed from d 0 to 21 with a common diet from d 21 to 42. Fecal samples were collected weekly to determine fecal dry matter (DM). Data were analyzed using R Studio as a RCBD. From d 0 to 21, ADG and G:F increased (P < 0.05) for pigs fed pharmacological Zn, and sodium diformate. Overall, ADG tended (P ≤ 0.069) to increase for pigs fed added Zn or sodium diformate. Pigs fed 21% CP had increased (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F from d 0 to 21 and overall G:F compared with those fed 18% CP. Feeding 18% CP diets increased fecal dry matter on d 7 when pharmacological Zn and sodium diformate were not in the diet (Zn×acidifier×CP interaction, P < 0.05). From d 21 to 42, there was no evidence of difference in growth performance. In conclusion, reducing CP without acidification increased fecal DM when pharmacological Zn were not in the diet, but had little effect when it was in the diet. Adding sodium diformate and pharmacological Zn independently improved nursery pig growth performance.

264 Effects of Low Dietary Crude Protein Diets Containing Coarse Wheat Bran as an Alternative to Zinc Oxide in Nursery Pig Diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 96-97
Author(s):  
Kelsey Hammers ◽  
Hilda I Calderon ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Reduced Crude Protein

Abstract An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of reduced crude protein (CP) in diets containing coarse wheat bran (CWB) without pharmacological levels of Zn (ZnO) on growth performance and fecal dry matter (DM) of nursery pigs. A total of 650 pigs (DNA 241′600; initially 6.6 kg), were used with 5 pigs/pen and 26 replicate pens/treatment. Pens were assigned to 1 of 5 treatments in a RCB design based on BW. Treatments were fed for 13-d, contained 4% CWB, and consisted of: 1) diet with pharmacological ZnO (2,000 mg/kg Zn) and 21% CP formulated to 1.35% standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys; 2) a diet with 110 ppm added Zn and 21% CP (1.35% SID Lys); 3) a diet with 110 ppm added Zn formulated to 18% CP (1.20% SID Lys); 4) an 18% CP diet with 110 ppm added Zn formulated to 1.35% SID Lys by the addition of increased levels of feed grade amino acids; and 5) diet 4 with addition of non-essential amino acids (NEAA; glycine and glutamic acid). Data were analyzed using the lmer function in R. Overall, pigs fed 21% CP with ZnO had increased (P < 0.05) ADG compared to those fed 18% CP (1.35% SID Lys) with high levels of feed grade amino acids or those fed the reduced SID Lys (1.2%) diet. Gain-to-feed ratio was increased (P < 0.05) for pigs fed 21% CP diets and those fed the 18% CP diet with NEAA compared to pigs fed 1.2% SID Lys and pigs fed high levels of feed grade amino acids. Fecal DM was increased (P < 0.05) for pigs fed reduced SID Lys diet. In conclusion, reducing CP (subsequently SID Lys) in diets without ZnO decreased growth performance but increased fecal DM.

scholarly journals A Moderate Reduction of Dietary Crude Protein Provide Comparable Growth Performance and Improve Metabolism via Changing Intestinal Microbiota in Sushan Nursery Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1166
Author(s):  
Riliang Liu ◽  
Jianwen He ◽  
Xu Ji ◽  
Weijiang Zheng ◽  
Wen Yao
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Protein Amino Acid ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Moderate Reduction ◽  
Protein Group

In this paper, we investigated the effects of a diet with a moderate reduction of dietary crude protein (CP) level, supplemented with five crystalline amino acids (Lys, Met, Thr, Try, and Val), on the growth, metabolism, and fecal microbiota of Sushan nursery pigs. Seventy Sushan nursery pigs with an average body weight of 19.56 ± 0.24 kg were randomly allocated to two experimental dietary treatments: 18% CP (high protein; group HP), and 15% CP (low protein; group LP). We found that the differences in the two diets had no significant effect on the growth performance of Sushan nursery pigs. Nursery pigs on the 15% CP diet showed significantly improved protein, amino acid, and energy utilization. Furthermore, the LP diet cloud optimized the gut microflora composition to some extent. The functional structure of bacterial communities implied improved metabolic capabilities in group LP. Additionally, correlation analysis between fecal microbiota and metabolic profiles confirmed that the increase of beneficial bacterial in the feces was beneficial to the health and metabolism of the nursery pigs. In conclusion, a moderate reduction in the dietary protein level can improve growth and metabolism due to the improvement of intestinal microbiota in Sushan nursery pigs. This finding could provide useful reference data for the application of a different nutrition strategy in indigenous pig production.

scholarly journals 244 Effect of Fiber Source and Crude Protein Level on Nursery Pig Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 94-95
Author(s):  
Kelsey Hammers ◽  
Hilda I Calderon ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Oat Hulls ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Main Effects

Abstract A total of 360 pigs (DNA 200′400, initially 5.0 kg) were used in a 45-d growth trial to determine the effects of fiber source and crude protein (CP) level in diets without pharmacological levels of ZnO on nursery pig growth performance and fecal dry matter (DM). Pigs were randomly assigned to 1 of 8 treatments with 5 pigs/pen and 9 pens/treatment. Treatments were arranged in a 2×4 factorial with main effects of CP (21 or 18%) and fiber source [none, coarse wheat bran (CWB), oat hulls, or cellulose (Arbocel, J. Rettenmaier USA, Schoolcraft, MI)]. Fiber source was added to equalize the level of insoluble fiber contributed from 4% CWB, resulting in the addition of 1.85% oat hulls or 1.55% cellulose. Diets were fed in two phases (d 0 to 10 and 10 to 24) followed by a common diet (d 24 to 45). The 21% CP diets contained 1.40% SID Lys in phase 1 and 1.35% SID Lys in phase 2. Treatment diets were formulated to a maximum SID Lys:digestible CP level of 6.35%, thus SID Lys decreased in the 18% CP (1.25% SID Lys) diets. Data were analyzed using the lmer function in R. No fiber source × CP level interactions (P >0.05) were observed. Decreasing dietary CP decreased (P = 0.05) ADG, G:F, and d 24 BW. Overall, ADG and d 45 BW decreased (P < 0.05) for pigs fed 18% CP diets. No main effects of fiber source were observed for growth performance throughout the study. Fecal DM increased (P < 0.05) for pigs fed added cellulose compared to pigs fed no fiber or CWB in the experimental period. In conclusion, reducing dietary CP decreased growth performance and the inclusion of cellulose improved fecal DM of nursery pigs.

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