Methyl Tetra Hydro Folate Reductase Enzyme Polymorphism in the Mothers with Previous Autosomal Aneuploidy Birth in the Indigenous African Population of Northern Region of South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zamathombeni Duma ◽  
Aye Aye Khine
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Enzyme Polymorphism ◽  
African Population ◽  
Autosomal Aneuploidy

Prevalence of Presbyopia and Spectacle Coverage in an African Population in Durban, South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 1424-1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kovin Shunmugan Naidoo ◽  
Jyotikumarie Jaggernath ◽  
Carrin Martin ◽  
Pirindhavellie Govender ◽  
Farai Showman Chinanayi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
African Population

Interpretation of Demonic Powers in Southern African Independent Churches

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
George C. Oosthuizen
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
African Population ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
African Independent Churches ◽  
Independent Churches ◽  
External Forces ◽  
Indigenous Cosmology ◽  
The Church

African Independent Churches (AIC) have grown especially in South Africa at a tremendous pace—from thirty-two denominations in 1913 and hardly one percent of the African population to over three thousand denominations in 1980 and nearly 30 percent of the African population. Various reasons account for this tremendous growth such as several major emphases: Africanization of the church, socioeconomic deprivation, the adaptation process from the microcosmic to the macrocosmic world, and a holistic approach to healing which takes note of the indigenous cosmology. The latter aspect is a central issue. There are two types of diseases—natural, behind which are no malicious external forces, and those which are understood only within the context of African cosmology such as witchcraft, sorcery, ancestor wrath, spirit-possession. The missionaries ignored these forces and the problems Africans encountered with them. To these malicious forces the AIC give attention and their handling of them makes a decisive impact. This is the main theme of the article.

scholarly journals COVID19 vaccine intentions in South Africa: health communication strategy to address vaccine hesitancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Umakrishnan Kollamparambil ◽  
Adeola Oyenubi ◽  
Chijioke Nwosu
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
National Income ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
African Population ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
Black African

Abstract Background Vaccine hesitancy is emerging as a significant challenge in many parts of the world in the fight against the COVID19 pandemic. The continued infection amongst the unvaccinated can lead to a heightened risk of further virus mutation, exposing even those vaccinated to new virus strains. Therefore, there are social benefits in minimising vaccine hesitancy. The objective of this study is to assess the level of COVID19 vaccine hesitancy in South Africa, identify the socio-economic patterns in vaccine hesitancy and highlight insights from the national survey that can inform the development of a COVID-19 vaccination acceptance communication campaign. Methods The study uses the nationally representative National Income Dynamics Study - Coronavirus Rapid Mobile Survey (NIDS-CRAM) survey. The analysis combines univariate and bivariate statistics, as well as multivariate regression models like binomial/ordinal and multinomial logit. Results The study finds that vaccine acceptance is lower than that of non-pharmaceutical intervention like face-mask use. Only 55% fully accept the vaccine, while a further 16% are moderately accepting of vaccines. Together, vaccine acceptance is estimated at 70.8%, and vaccine hesitancy against COVID19 is estimated at 29.2% amongst the adult South African population. The study has identified the perceived risk of infection with the mediating role of efficacy as a key predictor of vaccine intention. Higher awareness of COVID19 related information and higher household income are correlated with lower vaccine hesitancy. The non-black African population group has significantly high vaccine hesitancy compared to black Africans. Conclusions There are other significant differences across socio-economic and demographic variables in vaccine hesitancy. From a communication perspective, it is imperative to continue risk messaging, hand in hand with clearer information on the efficacy of the vaccines.

scholarly journals COVID19 Vaccine Intentions in South Africa: Health Communication Strategy to Address Vaccine Hesitancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umakrishnan Kollamparambil ◽  
Adeola Oyenubi ◽  
Chijioke Nwosu
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
National Income ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
African Population ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance

Abstract Background: Widespread vaccine acceptance is key to achieving herd immunity through vaccination against COVID19, especially because the available vaccines do not have 100% efficacy. The continued infection amongst the unvaccinated can lead to heightened risk of further virus mutation, exposing even those vaccinated to new virus strains. Therefore, there are social benefits in minimising vaccine hesitancy. The objective of this study is to assess the level of COVID19 vaccine hesitancy in South Africa, identify the socio-economic patterns in vaccine hesitancy and to develop a targeted health communication strategy based on the HBM and EPPM models in order to improve vaccine acceptance. Methods: The study uses the nationally representative National Income Dynamics Study - Coronavirus Rapid Mobile Survey (NIDS-CRAM) survey. The analysis combines univariate and bivariate statistics together with multivariate regression models like binomial/ordinal logit and seemingly unrelated regressions.Results: The study finds that vaccine acceptance is lower than that of non-pharmaceutical intervention life face-mask use. Only 55% are fully accepting of the vaccine, while a further 16% are moderately accepting of vaccines. Together, vaccine acceptance is estimated at 70.8% and vaccine hesitancy against COVID19 is estimated at 29.2% amongst the adult South African population. The reasons cited for vaccine hesitancy are primarily due to concerns regarding the side-effects and efficacy of vaccine. the study has identified perceived risk of infection with the mediating role of efficacy as a key predictor of vaccine intention. Apart from vulnerability to infection, those perceiving higher severity of risk (elderly and those with chronic illness) have lower hesitancy. Higher awareness of COVID19 related information and higher household income are correlated with lower vaccine hesitancy. The non-black African population group has significantly high vaccine hesitancy compared to black Africans. Males on average have lower hesitancy compared to females, and unmarried/unpartnered individuals are found to have higher hesitancy. Conclusions: There are other significant differences across socio-economic and demographic variables in vaccine hesitancy. From a communication perspective, it is imperative to continue risk messaging, hand in hand with clearer information on the efficacy of the vaccines

scholarly journals The emergence of cardiovascular disease during urbanisation of Africans

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (1a) ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
HH Vorster
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
South African ◽  
African Population ◽  
Published Data ◽  
South African Population ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Black South Africans

AbstractObjective:To review the available data on risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the influence of urbanisation of Africans on these risk factors, and to examine why stroke emerges as a higher risk than ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in the health transition of black South Africans.Design:A review of published data on mortality from and risk factors of CVD in South Africans.Setting:South Africa.Subjects:South African population groups and communities.Methods:The available data on the contribution of stroke and IHD to CVD mortality in South Africa are briefly reviewed, followed by a comparison of published data on the prevalence and/or levels of CVD risk factors in the different South African population groups. The impact of urbanisation of black South Africans on these risk factors is assessed by comparing rural and urban Africans who participated in the Transition and Health during Urbanisation of South Africans (THUSA) study.Results and conclusions: The mortality rates from CVD confirmed that stroke is a major public health problem amongst black South Africans, possibly because of an increase in hypertension, obesity, smoking habit and hyperfibrinogenaemia during various stages of urbanisation. The available data further suggest that black South Africans may be protected against IHD because of favourable serum lipid profiles (low cholesterol and high ratios of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and low homocysteine values. However, increases in total fat and animal protein intake of affluent black South Africans, who can afford Western diets, are associated with increases in body mass indices of men and women and in total serum cholesterol. These exposures may increase IHD risk in the future.

scholarly journals Lung cancer, tobacco, and environmental factors in the African population of the Northern Province, South Africa

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Mzileni ◽  
F. Sitas ◽  
K. Steyn ◽  
H. Carrara ◽  
P. Bekker
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
African Population ◽  
Northern Province

ARGUMENTS SUPPORTING KEFIR MARKETING TO THE LOW-INCOME URBAN AFRICAN POPULATION IN SOUTH AFRICA

Agrekon ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. van Wyk ◽  
T. J. Britz ◽  
A. S. Myburgh
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Low Income ◽  
African Population

People's English, codification, function, and logic

English Today ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Titlestad
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
African Population ◽  
Local Form ◽  
The South ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
British English ◽  
Black South African

A response to Pearl Ntlhakana, ‘People's English’, on the language situation in South Africa, in ET62 (16:2), Apr 2000.If you have a non-standard local form of English, what do you do with it?Pearl Ntlhakana gives a bold answer, supporting her arguments by reference to an article by Chick and Wade (1997), also on the South African situation. By “People's English”, Ntlhakana means what is usually referred to as Black South African English (BSAE), the English that is said to be characteristic of the indigenous African population of South Africa. What she suggests is that “a restandardised variety would actually replace the current standard (White South African English with Southern British English as its model), performing the whole range of formal functions”.

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