scholarly journals Lung cancer, tobacco, and environmental factors in the African population of the Northern Province, South Africa

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Mzileni ◽  
F. Sitas ◽  
K. Steyn ◽  
H. Carrara ◽  
P. Bekker
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
African Population ◽  
Northern Province

Improvement of environmental health and hygiene practices - case study in the Northern Province

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Mathegana ◽  
L. K. Chauke ◽  
F. A.O. Otieno
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Northern Province ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Sustainable Improvement ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Proper Training ◽  
The Government ◽  
Better Than

The primary purpose of an improved water supply and sanitation is the achievement of acceptable health and hygiene standards as well as the sustainable improvement of the environment. Many governments recognize this and so they budget for large sums of money to improve these services to the communities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the different gaps in environmental health and hygiene practices with the aim of suggesting a strategy of improving this in the Northern Province of South Africa. To do this, 231 households and 30 schools were surveyed. Workshops and visits to different government departments were also used. This paper reports the results from this study which indicate that the situation in schools was not any better than that in households, with more than 90% of the villages still dependent on the unimproved pit latrines and 56,6% relying on standpipes which were (70% of the time) non-operational. The main problems identified seem to those associated with implementation and maintenance. The study concludes that with proper training of the water committees and their active involvement with the government and NGOs, environmental health and hygiene problems can be minimized or eliminated.

scholarly journals Trends in lung cancer mortality in South Africa: 1995-2006

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Braimoh Bello ◽  
Olufolawajimi Fadahun ◽  
Danuta Kielkowski ◽  
Gill Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality

Factors in Toddlers With Late Language Emergence in a Middle-Income South African Sample

2021 ◽  
pp. 152574012110547
Author(s):  
Elmien Kraamwinkel ◽  
Alta Kritzinger
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
South African ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Play Skills ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Language Emergence ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Late language emergence (LLE) may result from genetic and environmental factors. Little is known about environmental factors in LLE in South Africa. The study describes the nature of differences in language functioning between toddlers with LLE and without LLE, and which factors were associated with LLE in a middle-income area in South Africa. Toddlers, aged 24 to 36 months with LLE ( n = 20) were matched with a control group (CG, n = 21) for household income, age, gender, maternal education, and parental employment. The research group (RG) showed moderate delays in expressive and receptive language, and play skills, while the controls exhibited no delay. Significant differences in early feeding history and multilingual exposure were found between the groups. As far as known, it is the first study utilizing a South African middle-income sample indicating that multilingual exposure may play a role in LLE. The study focuses the attention on environmental factors which are potentially modifiable in LLE.

Combined Effects of Lung Disease History, Environmental Exposures, and Family History of Lung Cancer to Susceptibility of Lung Cancer in Chinese Non-smokers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanglin Yu ◽  
Rendong Xiao ◽  
Xu Li ◽  
Zhijian Hu ◽  
Lin Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Environmental Exposures ◽  
Collective Effects ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Cancer History ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Although cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for lung cancer, the incidence rate of lung cancer among non-smokers is notable. The etiology and potential mechanism of non-smoker lung cancer are worthy of further research. This study was designed to explore the collective effects of environmental factors and the relationship between environmental exposure index (EEI) and lung cancer among non-smokers by evaluating the joint effects among lung disease history, environmental factors, and family history of lung cancer without smoking confounders.Methods: A total of 767 never-smoked lung cancer cases and 767 sex- and age-matched controls were selected from the department of Thoracic Surgery and Respiratory Medicine of three hospitals in Fujian, China. We used two methods to develop the EEI according to 12 statistically significant environmental risk factors. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was applied to analyze the non-linear relationship between EEI and lung cancer in non-smokers. Combined effects, additive interaction, and multiplicative interaction were assessed among lung disease history, EEI, and family history of lung cancer to estimate susceptibility to develop lung cancer.Results: Lung disease history, especially asthma, was significantly associated with an increased risk of lung cancer with an odds ratio (OR) for asthma history of 14.720 (95% CI: 1.877–115.449). Family history of lung cancer was related to susceptibility of lung cancer (OR = 3.347, 95% CI: 1.930–5.806). According to type of relatives and cancer, a parental or children’s history and a sibling’s history of lung cancer were significantly associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. The positive association between EEI and lung cancer was apparently stronger in those with lung disease history or family lung cancer history. Furthermore, there was a addictive interaction between EEI and lung disease history, and a possibly addictive interaction between EEI and family lung cancer history on development of lung cancer.Conclusions: There were combined effects among lung disease history, environmental exposures, and family history of lung cancer toward susceptibility to lung cancer in Chinese non-smokers. Non-smokers who had a family history of lung cancer were at higher risk of lung cancer than non-smokers who had lung disease history. Non-smokers with family cancer history may obtain benefits from removal of environmental exposures and active treatment of lung disease.

scholarly journals Factors affecting behaviours that address HIV risk among a sample of junior secondary school students in the Northern Province, South Africa

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Northern Province ◽  
School Students ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Junior Secondary School ◽  
Junior Secondary

The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting HIV risk reduction among junior secondary school pupils in South Africa. Opsomming Die doel van hierdie studie was om HIV risiko reduksie faktore onder junior sekondêre skool leerlinge in Suid-Afrika te identifiseer. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

Concepts and treatment modalities for hypertension by traditional and faith healers in the Northern Province, South Africa

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Peltzer ◽  
L B Khoza ◽  
M E Lekhuleni ◽  
S N Madu ◽  
V I Cherian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Northern Province ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Research Findings

Clinical experiences and some research findings indicate that traditional and faith healers play a role in the management of hypertension in Africa.OpsommingKliniese ondervindings en sommige navorsingsbevindinge dui daarop dat tradisionele en geloofsgenesers ‘n rol speel in die hantering van hipertensie in Afrika. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

Jamesbrittenia bergae (Scrophulariaceae), a distinctive new species from Limpopo, South Africa

Bothalia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-143
Author(s):  
P. Lemmer
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Northern Province ◽  
A New Species

Jamesbrittenia bergae P.Lemmer is a new species from the Farm Brakvallei near Thabazimbi in Limpopo [Northern Province]. Large, medium-textured. bright scarlet flowers w ith yellow throats are borne singly in upper leaf axils; the flowering branches, although terminal, do not form elongated racemes: leaves are greyish green, coarsely serrated. It grows in full sun on ferricrete outcrops.

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