Efficacy and Safety of Aprepitant in Combination with Dexamethasone, Granisetron and Metoclopramide as a Prophylaxis of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in a Acute and Delayed Emesis in Arab Cancer Patient

2018 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Moustafa ◽  
Frasia Oosthuizen ◽  
Essam Badwey M
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patient ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Delayed Emesis

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of 5 mg olanzapine for nausea and vomiting management in cancer patients receiving carboplatin: integrated study of three prospective multicenter phase II trials

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Senri Yamamoto ◽  
Hirotoshi Iihara ◽  
Ryuji Uozumi ◽  
Hitoshi Kawazoe ◽  
Kazuki Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Total Control

Abstract Background The efficacy of olanzapine as an antiemetic agent in cancer chemotherapy has been demonstrated. However, few high-quality reports are available on the evaluation of olanzapine’s efficacy and safety at a low dose of 5 mg among patients treated with carboplatin regimens. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of 5 mg olanzapine for managing nausea and vomiting in cancer patients receiving carboplatin regimens and identified patient-related risk factors for carboplatin regimen-induced nausea and vomiting treated with 5 mg olanzapine. Methods Data were pooled for 140 patients from three multicenter, prospective, single-arm, open-label phase II studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of olanzapine for managing nausea and vomiting induced by carboplatin-based chemotherapy. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the patient-related risk factors. Results Regarding the endpoints of carboplatin regimen-induced nausea and vomiting control, the complete response, complete control, and total control rates during the overall study period were 87.9, 86.4, and 72.9%, respectively. No treatment-related adverse events of grade 3 or higher were observed. The multivariable logistic regression models revealed that only younger age was significantly associated with an increased risk of non-total control. Surprisingly, there was no significant difference in CINV control between the patients treated with or without neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist. Conclusions The findings suggest that antiemetic regimens containing low-dose (5 mg) olanzapine could be effective and safe for patients receiving carboplatin-based chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Intravenous dexmedetomidine during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section: A meta-analysis of randomized trials

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 924-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeqing Bao ◽  
Chengmao Zhou ◽  
Xianxue Wang ◽  
Yu Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Spinal Anaesthesia ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of spinal anaesthesia using dexmedetomidine for caesarean section. Methods PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and CNKI were searched for relevant literature. Results The incidence of nausea and vomiting in the dexmedetomidine group was significantly lower than that in the control group (OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.12–0.35, P < 0.00001). No difference was found in the incidence of pruritus between the two groups (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 0.36–4.09, P = 0.76).The dexmedetomidine group had a higher incidence of bradycardia than did the control group (OR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.02–4.77, P = 0.05). The incidence of shivering in the dexmedetomidine group was significantly lower than that in the control group (OR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.13–0.32, P < 0.00001). The incidence of hypotension was not different between the two groups (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.49–1.56, P = 0.65). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can decrease the incidence of nausea, vomiting, bradycardia, and shivering with spinal anaesthesia during caesarean section.

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of combinations of metopimazine or ondansetron with methylprednisolone in the prevention of delayed emesis in patients receiving chemotherapy

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1763-1771 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bloch ◽  
O. Rixe ◽  
J. B. Meric ◽  
A. Delgado ◽  
D. Khayat
Keyword(s):  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Delayed Emesis

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Ondansetron, Droperidol, and Metoclopramide for Preventing Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

1999 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 1370-1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen B. Domino ◽  
Emily A. Anderson ◽  
Nayak L. Polissar ◽  
Karen L. Posner
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Comparative Efficacy

Antifungal Prophylaxis in Immunocompromised Hosts

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan Reents ◽  
S. Diane Goodwin ◽  
Vipul Singh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Antifungal Prophylaxis ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Immunocompromised Hosts ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on the efficacy and safety of antifungal agents for prophylaxis of fungal infections in populations of immunocompromised hosts (key words: hematology-oncology, surgical, solid organ transplant, HIV infection), and to develop guidelines and recommendations regarding safe and effective drug regimens for antifungal prophylaxis in this patient population. DATA EXTRACTION: Comprehensive review of clinical trials of antifungal prophylaxis published in the English literature, with an emphasis on controlled trials, and discussion of key clinical trials illustrating efficacy and safety of agents for antifungal prophylaxis in immunocompromised patients. RESULTS: Much of the clinical data evaluating the efficacy and safety of antifungal prophylaxis has been generated in cancer patients. The choice of antifungal agent for prophylaxis in this population remains controversial. However, azole compounds such as clotrimazole, ketoconazole and fluconazole appear to be more effective and better tolerated than nystatin suspension. Although ketoconazole has been shown to reduce fungal colonization in surgical patients, current data do not support the routine use of antifungal prophylaxis in this population. In renal transplant recipients, clotrimazole troches have been shown to be more effective than placebo or nystatin suspension. Selective bowel decontamination with nonabsorbable antibiotics and nystatin may be useful in reducing Candida colonization in liver transplant patients but no definitive recommendations may be made at this time regarding optimal antifungal prophylaxis in these patients. In patients with advanced HIV disease or history of prior fungal disease prophylaxis for oropharyngeal candidiasis is indicated, although the agent of choice remains controversial. Fluconazole is the drug of choice for prevention of relapse of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS. Finally, only limited data exist assessing the relationship between local colonization and systemic fungal infection. Adverse effects associated with antifungal prophylaxis, generally limited to nausea and vomiting and transient elevations in hepatic transaminases, occur with similar frequency among available oral or topical agents. However, the incidence of nausea and vomiting with resultant poor patient tolerance and compliance is usually higher with nystatin. CONCLUSIONS: Based on available data from controlled clinical trials, azole agents are currently the most effective and best-tolerated drugs for antifungal prophylaxis in immunocompromised hosts. Choice of one agent in this group over another may be dictated by cost. As new antifungal treatments are released onto the market, these drugs should be compared with existing agents in controlled clinical trials. Future studies should be designed to evaluate the relationship between local colonization and disseminated infection.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of rolapitant in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in elderly patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. vi499 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Aapro ◽  
S. Arora ◽  
D. Powers
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Efficacy And Safety

The Efficacy and Safety of Transdermal Scopolamine for the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: A Quantitative Systematic Review

2002 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kranke ◽  
Astrid M. Morin ◽  
Norbert Roewer ◽  
Hinnerk Wulf ◽  
Leopold H. Eberhart
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Quantitative Systematic Review
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