Incidence and Etiology of Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection among Admitted Patients at Kabale Regional Referral Hospital, South Western Uganda

Abstract Back ground: Urinary tract infection are one of the most common bacterial infections in the community and in the hospital. Nowadays, little is known about the status of community and hospital acquired urinary tract infection, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated factors among urinary tract infection patients in Ethiopia, particularly in our study area. Methods A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out in Dessie referral hospital. A total of 422 urine samples were enrolled using systematic random sampling technique. All isolates were identified by standard microbiological techniques and their antibiotic susceptibility was done by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Data was entered using Epi data version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS software version 20. P- Value < 0.05 at 95% CI was considered as statistically significant. Result Of 422 urine samples processed 100 (23.7%) yielded bacterial isolates. About50(30.7%) and 50(19.3%) samples from hospitalized and community showed significant bacteriuria respectively. E. coli 44/103(42.7%), predominated across the two groups followed by S. aureus 25/103(24.3%), CONs,14/103(13.5%), Klebsiella spps 7/103(6.78), proteus spps 3/103(2.91), and Entrococcus spps 3/103 (2.91%). Pseudomonas spps 3/103 (2.91), Citrobacter spps 2/103(1.94%) and Acinetobacter Spp 1/103(0.999), which were isolated from only the hospitalized samples. Meropenem susceptibly was 100% in both study groups and Ampicillin resistance was documented as 83.3–100% and 76.9–100% in hospitalized and community acquired respectively. Among risk factors previous use of antibiotics, female gender, Age, Diabetics, catheterization were associated with the infection. Conclusion The present study revealed that slightly high prevalence of urinary tract infection. High antimicrobial resistance was observed to most antimicrobial drugs tested. Meropenem and Nitrofurantoin were the most active drugs for urinary tract infection. Empirical selection of antimicrobial agents should be based on antibiotic sensitivity pattern of uropathogens that prevalent in that area. Female sex, age, previous use of antibiotics, catheterization and diabetics were at risk of urinary tract infection.

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Bacterial Profile And Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern Of Urinary Tract Infection Among Children Attending Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia

Infection and Drug Resistance ◽

10.2147/idr.s217574 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol Volume 12 ◽

pp. 3575-3583

Author(s):

Yerega Belete ◽

Daniel Asrat ◽

Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel ◽

Gebeyehu Yihenew ◽

Addisu Gize

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Referral Hospital ◽

Bahir Dar ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital

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Evaluation of Sociodemographic Factors among Diabetic Patients with Urinary Tract Infections in Kisii Referral Hospital, Kenya

International Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2020/5053867 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Vincent M. Mageto ◽

Oliver W. Mbuthia ◽

Caroline J. Ngetsa ◽

Dinah O. Moraa ◽

Erick O. Okoyo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract Infections ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Referral Hospital ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Level Of Education ◽

The Social ◽

Tract Infections

People with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus are prone to urinary tract infections. There is a wide gap of information in developing countries regarding the sociodemographic factors linked to UTI among diabetics and the gender disparity among the same. Sociodemographic factors differ with geographical location and many other factors, and this makes them an important aspect that can influence the social burden of UTI among diabetics. The objective of this study was to determine the association between sociodemographic factors and UTI among diabetics. The study was carried out in the Kisii Teaching and Referral Hospital in Kenya. One hundred and eighty diabetic patients were enrolled in cross-sectional study design. Clean-catch midstream urine was collected from all participants and cultured in cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient agar for bacterial isolation. Classification of a positive culture for urinary tract infection was based on more than 100,000 (≥105) colony-forming units of a single bacterial species. The data were analyzed using frequencies, chi-square (p<0.05), and logic regression with the help of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 to find the odds ratio. One hundred and seven participants were male (59.4%), and 73 (40.6%) were female. The majority of the participants were between the age of 55 and 59 years old (77.2%), and 125 participants (69.4%) had attained tertiary education as the highest level of education. The overall prevalence of urinary tract infections was 20.6% with 37 participants testing positive for urinary tract infection. Age was found to have a significant association with urinary tract infection (p=0.002) while gender (p=0.45) and level of education (p=0.11) showed no significant association with urinary tract infections among diabetic patients. These findings suggest that age was the biggest association factor that influenced urinary tract infections among diabetic patients.

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Prevalence and bacteriology of culture-positive urinary tract infection among pregnant women with suspected urinary tract infection at Mbarara regional referral hospital, South-Western Uganda

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-021-03641-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bahati Johnson ◽

Bawakanya Mayanja Stephen ◽

Ngonzi Joseph ◽

Owaraganise Asiphas ◽

Kayondo Musa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Regional Referral Hospital ◽

Culture Positive ◽

In Pregnancy

Abstract Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pregnant women contribute about 25% of all infections and are among the most frequent clinical bacterial infections. Pregnancy changes in women that include anatomical, physiological and hormonal make them susceptible to develop UTI. Left untreated, UTI in pregnancy is associated with grave complications to the mother and fetus. These complications can be decreased by prompt and proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment that also reduces the emergency of drug resistance. Antimicrobial resistance is a major health problem in the treatment of UTI. We determined the prevalence, bacteriology and antimicrobial susceptibility of symptomatic urinary tract infection among pregnant women at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study from November 2019 to February 2020 involving 400 pregnant women with symptomatic UTI. Patient information was obtained using a structured questionnaire. We collected clean-catch midstream urine specimens for culture and performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standards. Data was entered into RED-cap Version 8.2 software and then exported to Stata Version 14.1 for analysis. Results The proportion of culture-positive UTI was 140/400 (35%). Gram-negative bacteria were more prevalent (73%): Klebsiella pneumoniae 52(37.41%), Escherichia coli 40(28.78%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis 7(5.04% each), Citrobacter freundii 1(1%). Staphylococcus aureus 33(23.57%) was the only gram-positive isolate. All the isolates were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid (95.7, 95.0, 72.9 and 50.7% respectively). Prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae was 29.0% while that of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 33.3%. All cultures demonstrated resistance to more than one drug. Majority of the bacterial isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, nitrofurantoin, cefotaxime and gentamicin at 82.9, 81.4, 79.3, 78.6, 66.4 and 65.7% respectively. Conclusions Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most prevalent isolate followed by E. coli. These two organisms were highly resistant to the commonly used antibiotics. Our study recorded a higher prevalence of culture-positive UTI in pregnancy than all the studies in Uganda. Empirical treatment of UTI should be minimized as sensitivity varies for each organism, for each drug and over time.

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Asymptomatic urinary tract infection among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of Hawassa Referral Hospital, Southern Ethiopia

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/1756-0500-7-155 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 155 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Endale Tadesse ◽

Million Teshome ◽

Yared Merid ◽

Belayhun Kibret ◽

Techalew Shimelis

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Antenatal Clinic ◽

Referral Hospital ◽

Southern Ethiopia

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Multidrug resistant and carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae among patients with urinary tract infection at referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control ◽

10.1186/s13756-015-0054-7 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Setegn Eshetie ◽

Chandrashekhar Unakal ◽

Aschalew Gelaw ◽

Birhanu Ayelign ◽

Mengistu Endris ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Referral Hospital

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Prevalence and Bacteriology of Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infection among Pregnant women at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, South-western Uganda

10.21203/rs.3.rs-58897/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Johnson Bahati ◽

Bawakanya Mayanja Stephen ◽

Ngonzi Joseph ◽

Owaraganise Asiphas ◽

Kayondo Musa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Drug Resistance ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Regional Referral Hospital ◽

Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Culture Positive ◽

In Pregnancy

Abstract Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pregnant women contribute about 25% of all infections and are among the most frequent clinical bacterial infections. Pregnancy changes in women that include anatomical, physiological and hormonal make them susceptible to develop UTI. Left untreated, UTI in pregnancy is associated with grave complications to the mother and fetus. These complications can be decreased by prompt and proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment that also reduces the emergency of drug resistance. Antimicrobial resistance is a major health problem in the treatment of UTI. We determined the prevalence, bacteriology and antimicrobial susceptibility of symptomatic urinary tract infection among pregnant women at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from November 2019 to February 2020 involving 400 pregnant women with symptomatic UTI. Patient information was obtained using a structured questionnaire. We collected clean-catch midstream urine specimens for culture and performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standards. Data was entered into RED-cap Version 8.2 software and then exported to Stata Version 14.1 for analysis.Results: The proportion of culture-positive UTI was 140/400 (35%). Gram-negative bacteria were more prevalent (73%): Klebsiella pneumoniae 52(37.41%), Escherichia coli 40(28.78%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis 7(5.04% each), Citrobacter freundii 1(1%). Staphylococcus aureus 33(23.57%) was the only gram-positive isolate. All the isolates were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid (95.7%, 95.0%, 72.9% and 50.7% respectively). Prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae was 29.0% while that of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 33.3%. Multi-drug resistance (resistance in >2 drugs) was seen in 100% of the isolated bacteria. Majority of the bacterial isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, nitrofurantoin, cefotaxime and gentamicin at 82.9%, 81.4%, 79.3%, 78.6%, 66.4% and 65.7% respectivelyConclusions: Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most prevalent isolate followed by E. coli. These two organisms were highly resistant to the commonly used antibiotics. Our study recorded a higher prevalence of culture-positive UTI in pregnancy than all the studies in Uganda. Empirical treatment of UTI should be minimized as sensitivity varies for each organism, for each drug and over time.

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