scholarly journals Comparison and Evaluation of Two Analytical Methods for Cation Exchange Capacity and Exchangeable Sodium Percentage of Five Soil Types in Central Sudan

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (12) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Elfaki ◽  
Mohamed Gafer ◽  
Magboul Sulieman ◽  
Mushtaha Ali
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium Percentage ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Central Sudan ◽  
Sodium Percentage

SOIL AND SOLUTION pH AND SODIUM:CALCIUM RATIO: EFFECTS ON CATION EXCHANGE PROPERTIES OF A SODIUM-SATURATED CHERNOZEMIC SOIL

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
THERON G. SOMMERFELDT
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium Percentage ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Chernozemic Soil ◽  
Sodium Percentage ◽  
Exchange Properties

The effects of soil and solution pH and Na:Ca ratio in solution on the exchangeable Na, Ca, and (Na + Ca) of a Na-saturated Dark Brown Chernozemic soil were studied. At soil pH 9.0, the exchangeable Na, Ca, and (Na + Ca) were 14.5, 25.4, and 21.8% greater than at soil pH 6.0. Solution pH (6.0–9.0) had small but statistically significant effects on the amount of Na and Ca adsorbed by the soil. The logarithm of exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) was related to the Na fraction in the solution by a polynomial equation, log ESP = 0.93 [Na/(Na + Ca)]2 + 0.16 [Na/(Na + Ca)] + 0.82. Not only is replacement of exchangeable Na with Ca important in the reclamation of this soil, should it become sodic and have a high pH, but also lowering of its surface charge, through lowering of its pH, would be an important factor in its reclamation. It appears impractical to reduce soil pH by applying acidified irrigation water. Acidic amendments such as gypsum and sulfur may be more suitable. Key words: Cation exchange, solution pH, soil pH

Acidification of soils on a transect from plains to slopes, south western New-South-Wales

Soil Research ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 539 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Chartres ◽  
RW Cumming ◽  
JA Beattie ◽  
GM Bowman ◽  
JT Wood
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
New South ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
The West ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Red Earth

Samples were collected from unimproved road reserves and adjacent paddocks on a 90 km transect crossing red-brown earth soils in the west and red earth soils in the east. Measurements of pH in water and CaCl2 indicated that the red earths have been acidified by approximately 0.5 pH units over the last 30-40 years. Small increases in CaCl2-extractable A1 were also recorded for the acidified red earths. The red-brown earths do not appear to have been markedly affected by soil acidification to date. Clay mineralogical data and measurements of cation exchange capacity of the <2 �m fraction indicate that red-brown earths are better buffered against acidification than red earths. However, small differences in management practices and rainfall along the transect may also be partially responsible for differences in acidification between soil types.

scholarly journals CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY OF DOMINANT SOIL TYPES IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Tomašić ◽  
Željka Zgorelec ◽  
Aleksandra Jurišić ◽  
Ivica Kisić
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Dominant Soil ◽  
The Republic

An alternative index to the exchangeable sodium percentage for an explanation of dispersion occurring in soils

Soil Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 949 ◽  
Author(s):  
John McL. Bennett ◽  
Alla Marchuk ◽  
Serhiy Marchuk
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Stability ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium Percentage ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Sodium Percentage ◽  
Mathematical Investigation ◽  
Alternative Index ◽  
Similar Index ◽  
K Concentration

With the introduction of the cation ratio of soil stability (CROSS) to replace the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) on the basis of differential effects of K and Mg to Na and Ca, respectively, there is a requirement for a similar index involving these cations to replace the exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP). The exchangeable dispersive percentage (EDP) is derived and proposed to replace ESP. This paper uses two datasets, one where exchangeable K concentration is relatively high and exchangeable Na low, and a further dataset where Mg dominates the cation exchange capacity. EDP is validated against these datasets and further mathematical investigation of the contribution of Mg to dispersion is undertaken. Mineralogy appears to affect turbidity results at a given dispersive index, and an improved criterion for assessment of Mg effect on dispersivity is presented.

scholarly journals BIOCHAR AS SOIL CONDITIONER IN THE SUCCESSION OF UPLAND RICE AND COWPEA FERTILIZED WITH NITROGEN

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
NEYTON DE OLIVEIRA MIRANDA ◽  
ALEXANDRE SANTOS PIMENTA ◽  
GUALTER GUENTHER COSTA DA SILVA ◽  
ERMELINDA MARIA MOTA OLIVEIRA ◽  
MARY ANNE BARBOSA DE CARVALHO
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium Percentage ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Sodium Percentage ◽  
Shoot Mass

ABSTRACT The effects of biochar and nitrogen application on yields of upland rice and cowpea and on soil fertility were determined in a greenhouse in Macaíba, RN, Brazil. The trial consisted of the succession of two crops in a completely randomized design and a factorial scheme, with four replicates. Initially, four doses of biochar and four doses of nitrogen were tested for cultivation of rice. Subsequently, four doses of biochar and two doses of nitrogen were tested in half of the pots maintained for planting cowpea. Soil was sampled after rice harvest for half of the pots and at end of the trial for the remaining pots. We evaluated the following parameters: mass of hundred grains of rice, dry shoot mass, panicle number, number of filled spikelets and of empty spikelets, and grain production. Determinations for cowpea were: pod number per pot, grain number per pod, and grain production per pot. Measured soil parameters were: pH, contents of organic carbon, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable sodium percentage. Biochar addition did not influence yield components of upland rice and cowpea, but resulted in increased soil N retention, which influenced rice dry shoot mass, spikelets sterility, panicle number, and grain mass. Biochar also promoted increased soil pH, potassium content, and exchangeable sodium percentage and decreased calcium and magnesium concentrations.

scholarly journals Factorial design applied to sodium activation of a Brazilian bentonite

Cerâmica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (374) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. do Rosário ◽  
R. F. Miguel ◽  
D. A. do Rosário ◽  
N. C. Kuhnen ◽  
H. G. Riella
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Sodium Cations ◽  
Sodium Activation

Abstract Sodium bentonites are extensively used in industry because they have specific properties that are wanted for several purposes, such as high swelling, thixotropy, and cation exchange capacity. Otherwise, calcium and polycationic bentonites, which are predominant in Brazil, need to be chemically treated by sodium activation to expand their content of interlayer exchangeable sodium cations, which increases these properties. The present study shows the factorial design of the sodium activation for a polycationic bentonite from Quatro Barras, Paraná. The factors considered in the study were: reagent (NaOH and Na2CO3), concentration (1% and 5%) and contact time (24 and 72 h). The response variables were swelling and cation exchange capacity. Statistical analysis indicated significant effects of all factors over swelling and response surface methodology indicated optimal activation with sodium carbonate at 5% for 24 h.

Liming effects on soil exchangeable and soil solution cations of 4 soil types in north-eastern Victoria

Soil Research ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
WJ Slattery ◽  
GR Morrison ◽  
DR Coventry
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Organic C ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Yield Responses

The effects of lime additions on exchangeable and soil solution cations of four soil types in north-eastern Victoria are discussed. Liming significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the concentration of exchangeable (1 M KCl), extractable (0.01 M CaCl2), soil solution total and monomeric aluminium. Raising the soil pHCa to 4.8 decreased Ale, concentrations below 1 mg kg-1, Al saturation % of the effective cation exchange capacity below 5 and AlTot below 5 PM; and raising the soil pHCa to 5.8 decreased MnCa concentrations below 10 mg kg-1 and AlTot below 2�m on the four soil types used in this study. Grain yield responses were best described by the sum of the activities of the Al monomers. Where organic C was present, responses could also be attributed to the complexing of monomeric Al. Grain yield responses could not always be reliably predicted by the Al saturation % of the effective cation exchange capacity. Liming significantly (P < 0.05) increased the concentration of Ca in the ECEC, but the Ca activity was not well correlated with lime response for all sites. The In ratio of aCa2+/�aAl- mono shows promise in predicting negative responses to lime applications (with values > 6) where soil pHCa is less than 5. The combination of Ca activity and the sum of the activity of the Al monomers, together with organic C content, may provide a better description of the responsiveness of acid soils to lime applications.

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