Acidification of soils on a transect from plains to slopes, south western New-South-Wales

Soil Research ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 539 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Chartres ◽  
RW Cumming ◽  
JA Beattie ◽  
GM Bowman ◽  
JT Wood
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
New South ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
The West ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Red Earth

Samples were collected from unimproved road reserves and adjacent paddocks on a 90 km transect crossing red-brown earth soils in the west and red earth soils in the east. Measurements of pH in water and CaCl2 indicated that the red earths have been acidified by approximately 0.5 pH units over the last 30-40 years. Small increases in CaCl2-extractable A1 were also recorded for the acidified red earths. The red-brown earths do not appear to have been markedly affected by soil acidification to date. Clay mineralogical data and measurements of cation exchange capacity of the <2 �m fraction indicate that red-brown earths are better buffered against acidification than red earths. However, small differences in management practices and rainfall along the transect may also be partially responsible for differences in acidification between soil types.

Change in soil pH, manganese and aluminium under subterranean clover pasture

1983 ◽  
Vol 23 (121) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Bromfield ◽  
RW Cumming ◽  
DJ David ◽  
CH Williams
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Clover Pasture

Changes in soil pH, manganese and aluminium as a result of long periods under subterranean clover pasture were examined in soils formed on granite, basalt and sedimentary rocks near Goulburn, New South Wales. Decreases in the pH of yellow duplex soils formed on granite, sedimentary rocks and basalt had occurred to depths of 60, 40 and 30 cm, respectively. The smaller depth of acidification in the latter two soils is considered to be due to their shallower A horizons over well buffered, clay B horizons. Under the oldest pastures (55 years) the decreases exceeded one pH unit throughout the entire sampled depth (60 cm). In some soils, under old improved pastures, calcium chloride-extractable manganese had increased to more than 20 ppm throughout the 60 cm profile and to greater than 50 ppm in the surface 10 cm. These levels are considered toxic to sensitive plant species and the highest levels may be toxic to subterranean clover. The amounts of extractable manganese in soils appear to be determined by both pH and the amounts of reactive manganese. In general, the amounts of total and reactive manganese were appreciably higher in the soils of basaltic origin. Substantial increases in extractable and exchangeable aluminium had also accompanied the decrease in pH and, in the surface 10 cm, were greatest in the soils formed on sedimentary parent materials. In many of the soils under old improved pastures, exchangeable aluminium, as a percentage of the effective cation exchange capacity, now exceeds 12%, especially in the 5-10 cm layer, and is probably harmful to sensitive species. Increases in exchangeable aluminium also occurred below the surface 10 cm and, in the granitic soils under the oldest pastures, exchangeable aluminium accounted for 30-50% of the effective cation exchange capacity throughout the 5-50 cm soil depth. The adverse changes in pH, manganese and aluminium observed in this study can be expected to continue under many improved pastures and to generate soil conditions unsuitable for many agricultural plants. The use of lime to arrest or reverse these changes seems inevitable.

scholarly journals CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY OF DOMINANT SOIL TYPES IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Tomašić ◽  
Željka Zgorelec ◽  
Aleksandra Jurišić ◽  
Ivica Kisić
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Dominant Soil ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals Soil Quality of a Rice Organic Farm in Langkong, M'lang, Cotabato

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-53
Author(s):  
Kathleen Cedeño
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Water Holding

Soil quality is crucial to global food production security. However, research data on soil quality, which is vital to enhancing soil fertility and crop yield, is limited particularly on the soil in the rice fields located in Langkong, Mlang, Cotabato. This study aims to assess the soil quality of one of the organic rice farms in said area. Soil samples were collected in thirty-one (31) paddies for two sampling periods: thirty (30) days after harvest and thirty (30) days after rice transplanting. Eight (8) soil indicators representing soil physicochemical characteristics were measured from 0-15 cm depth; the indicators were soil texture, water holding capacity, pH, exchangeable phosphorus, extractable potassium, total organic matter, electrical conductivity, and cation exchange capacity. Results reveal that soils in the studied area are characterized by clay loam with moderate water-holding capacity of about 62.57% and 60.57% for both sampling periods, respectively. The soil is strongly acidic (5.3 and 5.5) and has a low amount of organic matter (2.16% and 1.57%) and exchangeable P (8.55 ppm and 2.48 ppm), although it has marginal extractable K (80.77 ppm and 91.10 ppm). Also, the soils are non-saline and have low cation exchange capacity. The findings signify that the soils have insufficient fertility to sustain the optimal growth of the rice plants which can potentially reduce the yield of rice production. Thus, amendment of the soil quality and enhancement of soil management practices should be taken into consideration to further improve soil fertility to ensure productivity and profitability of farmers.

scholarly journals Modeling Soil Cation Exchange Capacity in Arid Region of Iran: Application of Novel Hybrid Intelligence Paradigm.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Shahabi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Ghorbani ◽  
Sujay Raghavendra Naganna ◽  
Sungwon Kim ◽  
Sinan Jasim Hadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Integration Scheme ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Multiple Model

Abstract The potential of the soil to hold plant nutrients is governed by cation exchange capacity (CEC) of any soil. Estimating soil CEC aids in conventional soil management practices to replenish the soil solution that supports plant growth. In the present study, a multiple model integration scheme driven by hybrid GANN (MM-GANN) was developed and employed to predict the accuracy of soil CEC in Tabriz plain, an arid region of Iran. The standalone models (i.e., artificial neural network (ANN) and extreme learning machine (ELM)) were implemented for incorporating in the MM-GANN. In addition, it was tested to enhance the prediction accuracy of the standalone models. The soil parameters such as clay, silt, pH, carbonate, calcium equivalent (CCE), and soil organic matter (OM) were used as model inputs to predict soil CEC. By the use of several evaluation criteria, the results showed that the MM-GANN model involving the predictions of ELM and ANN models calibrated by considering all the soil parameters (e.g., Clay, OM, pH, Silt, and CCE) as inputs provided superior soil CEC estimates with an NSE = 0.87. The proposed MM-GANN model is a reliable intelligence based approach for the assessment of soil quality parameters intended for sustainability and management prospects.

Concrete Grinding Residue: Management Practices and Reuse for Soil Stabilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (11) ◽  
pp. 748-763
Author(s):  
Bo Yang ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Bora Cetin ◽  
Halil Ceylan
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
State Regulations

Concrete grinding residue (CGR) is a slurry byproduct produced from diamond grinding operations used to smooth concrete pavement surface. As a waste material, CGR consists of cooling water for blades and concrete fines from the removed concrete layer. Since the composition of CGR reflects high pH, it can be a critical environmental issue and should be managed properly to reduce its impact to the ecological system. To understand the current management practices of CGR throughout the U.S.A., a comprehensive review of state regulations and a survey of departments of transportation and contractors were conducted in this study, with results showing that in many states detailed guidance for disposal of CGR to reduce risks was lacking. In addition, this study investigated the potential use of CGR for roadbed soil stabilization. To evaluate the performance of CGR for soil stabilization purpose, this study mixed 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% of CGR by weight with two types of soils classified as A-4 and A-6 according to AASHTO. Unconfined compressive strength and California bearing ratio, pH, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, and cation-exchange capacity tests were conducted on specimens. Results of the strength tests showed that the soils treated with 20% of CGR had the highest strength. Other laboratory tests revealed that CGR treatment could reduce the maximum dry unit weight (γdmax) and plasticity and increase the pH, alkalinity, electrical conductivity and cation-exchange capacity of soils.

Changes in organic matter and pH in a podzolic soil as influenced by subterranean clover and superphosphate

1957 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
CH Williams ◽  
CM Donald
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
South Wales

A further investigation has been made on soils examined by Donald and Williams (1955) in a survey of the influence of superphosphate and subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) on podzolic soils formed on granodiorite in the Crookwell district of New South Wales. The soil organic matter was found to have approximately constant proportions of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, and phosphorus in the ratio 155 : 10 : 1.4 : 0.68, and it is suggested that the rate of build-up of soil organic matter under the clover pastures may have been limited by the amounts of sulphur supplied in the superphosphate top-dressings. The soil organic matter was found to have a cation-exchange capacity a t pH 7.0 of about 220 m-equiv./100 g, and increases in soil organic matter have led to substantial increases in the cation-exchange capacity of the soil. About 75 per cent. of the total cation-exchange capacity of the unimproved soils was due to organic matter while, in the most improved soils, this figure approached 90 per cent. The increases in cation-exchange capacity included increases in exchangeable hydrogen and were accompanied by decreases in soil pH. There were increases equivalent to 6.5 lb of exchangeable potassium, 25.5 Ib of exchangeable calcium, and 5.2 lb of exchangeable magnesium per acre in the surface 4 in. of soil for each hundredweight of superphosphate applied per acre. Increases in soil organic matter also resulted in increases in the field capacity which may reflect improvements in soil structure. Results indicate that heavier rates of superphosphate application would increase the rate of fertility build-up.

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