NEST BOX USE AND POLYGYNY IN AN ENDANGERED PRIMATE SPECIES: THE BLACK LION TAMARIN (LEONTOPITHECUS CHRYSOPYGUS)

The black lion tamarin, Leontopithecus chrysopygus, is an endemic and endangered primate species from the Atlantic Forest of the interior of São Paulo State, Brazil. Its mating system is characterized as monogamous and females give birth to two twin infants during each breeding season. They are known to mainly sleep in tree holes, which is considered as a pertinent strategy for increasing their protection from predators during the night. Artificial cavities, like nest boxes, have been installed for other species in areas where tree cavities are depleted, in order to replace them. In this study, we report (i) the use of nest boxes in the wild by a group of black lion tamarins and (ii) the first record of polygyny for this species.

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Reintroduction of the Golden Conure (Guaruba guarouba) in Northern Brazil: Establishing a Population in a Protected Area

Diversity ◽

10.3390/d13050198 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 198

Author(s):

Marcelo Rodrigues Vilarta ◽

William Wittkoff ◽

Crisomar Lobato ◽

Rubens de Aquino Oliveira ◽

Nívia Gláucia Pinto Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Power Lines ◽

Food Supplementation ◽

Territorial Disputes ◽

Amazon Forest ◽

Nest Boxes ◽

In Captivity ◽

Viable Population ◽

In The Wild ◽

Northern Brazil ◽

Native Foods

Brazil has the highest number of parrots in the world and the greatest number of threatened species. The Golden Conure is endemic to the Brazilian Amazon forest and it is currently considered as threatened by extinction, although it is fairly common in captivity. Here we report the first reintroduction of this species. The birds were released in an urban park in Belem, capital of Para State, where the species was extinct more than a century ago. Birds were trained to recognize and consume local food and to avoid predators. After the soft-release, with food supplementation and using nest boxes, we recorded breeding activity in the wild. The main challenges before the release were the territorial disputes within the aviary and the predation by boa snakes. During the post-release monitoring the difficulties were the fast dispersion of some individuals and the dangers posed by anthropic elements such as power lines that caused some fatalities. Released birds were very successful at finding and consuming native foods, evading predators, and one pair reproduced successfully. Monitoring continues and further releases are programmed to establish an ecologically viable population.

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First record of quadruplets in the musky ratkangaroo Hypsiprymnodon moschatus.

Australian Mammalogy ◽

10.1071/am05095 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 95 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

PM Johnson ◽

S Lloyd ◽

T Vallance ◽

MDB Eldridge

Keyword(s):

Digestive Tract ◽

First Record ◽

Tropical Rainforests ◽

North East ◽

In Captivity ◽

In The Wild

THE musky rat-kangaroo (Hypsiprymnodon moschatus) is endemic to the tropical rainforests of north-east Queensland (Johnson and Strahan 1982). It is the smallest (510 ? 530 g) and most unusual member of the marsupial superfamily Macropodoidea (Dennis and Johnson 1995). Unlike other macropodoids, H. moschatus is frugivorous, diurnal, has an opposable first digit on the pes, a running quadrupedal gait and possesses a relatively unspecialised digestive tract (Johnson and Strahan 1982; Dennis 2002). It also differs from all other macropodoids in typically giving birth to multiple young, usually twins ? although single young and triplets are regularly reported both in the wild and in captivity (Troughton 1967; Johnson and Strahan 1982; Johnson et al. 1983; Dennis and Marsh 1997; Lloyd 2001). However, the birth of more than three young has not previously been observed in H. moschatus or any other macropodoid, even though all species possess four teats.

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DEPREDACIÓN DE Saguinus leucopus (MAMMALIA: PRIMATES) SOBRE Phyllomedusa venusta (ANURA: HYLIDAE) EN EL DEPARTAMENTO DE CALDAS, COLOMBIA

Revista Mexicana de Mastozoologia ◽

10.22201/ie.20074484e.2014.4.1.191 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Andrés Arias Alzate ◽

Juan D. Sanchez Londoño ◽

Juan M. Daza ◽

José F. González Maya

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

Key Words ◽

Endemic Species ◽

First Record ◽

Primate Species ◽

Amphibian Species ◽

Ecological Information ◽

History Of ◽

Dietary Component

AbstractThe Silvery-brown Tamarin, Saguinus leucopus, is a primate species from the Callitrichidae family, endemic to Colombia, and that has very little ecological information. Here we report on a new dietary component for the species from Departamento de Caldas, Colombia, been the first record of S. leucopus predating an amphibian species (Phyllomedusa venusta). Despite some records exist about tamarin predation on amphibians, this is the first for this endemic species, and it is probably related with its foraging type. This record represents a noteworthy record and contributes to the knowledge of the natural history of this species. Key words: Andes, Callitrichidae, Colombia, Diet, Primates, Predation.Palabras clave: Andes, Callitrichidae, Colombia, Depredación, Dieta, Primates

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First record of the orchid bee Euglossa imperialis Cockerell, 1922 (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossina) in Mato Grosso do Sul state, midwestern Brazil

Check List ◽

10.15560/14.5.1059 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 1059-1064

Author(s):

Jessica Amaral Henrique ◽

Ana Isabel Sobreiro ◽

Valter Vieira Alves-Júnior

Keyword(s):

First Record ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Paulo State ◽

Orchid Bee ◽

São Paulo State ◽

First Time ◽

Mato Grosso Do Sul

The occurrence of Euglossa imperialis Cockerell, 1922 is recorded for the first time in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. This paper extends the distribution of the species by about 800 km west of the São Paulo state, its nearest record.

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FIRST RECORD OF LONCHOPHYLLA PERACCHII DIAS, ESBÉRARD AND MORATELLI, 2013 (CHIROPTERA, PHYLLOSTOMIDAE) IN SÃO PAULO STATE, SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL

Oecologia Australis ◽

10.4257/oeco.2013.1703.10 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 424-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tiago Souto Martins Teixeira ◽

Daniel Tavares Cassilhas Rosa ◽

Daniela Dias ◽

Rui Cerqueira ◽

Mariana Moncassim Vale

Keyword(s):

First Record ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

São Paulo ◽

Paulo State ◽

São Paulo State

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First record of pleasing lacewings (Neuroptera: Dilaridae) in São Paulo state, Brazil

Check List ◽

10.15560/11.1.1538 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1538 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Caleb Califre Martins ◽

Dalton De Souza Amorim

Keyword(s):

Rio Grande ◽

First Record ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Paulo State ◽

Small Family ◽

The Family ◽

The World ◽

Mato Grosso Do Sul

The diversity of the small family Dilaridae in the world includes less than 80 described species, 10 of which known for Brazil. Representatives of the family in Brazil are known for the states of Amazonas, Rondônia, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Paraná and Santa Catarina. This note includes the first record of the family for the state of São Paulo, with the report of Nallachius limai Adams, 1970 in the Parque Estadual Horto Florestal, Campos do Jordão.

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Pseudosuccinea columella (Say 1817) (Gastropoda, Lymnaeidae), snail host of Fasciola hepatica: first record for France in the wild

Parasitology Research ◽

10.1007/s00436-007-0656-y ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 101 (5) ◽

pp. 1389-1392 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Jean-Pierre Pointier ◽

Christine Coustau ◽

Daniel Rondelaud ◽

André Theron

Keyword(s):

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

First Record ◽

Snail Host ◽

In The Wild

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First record of the mating system in the grey smoothhound shark (Mustelus californicus)

Marine Biology Research ◽

10.1080/17451000.2021.1964533 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 362-368

Author(s):

Alexis O. Tárula-Marín ◽

Nancy C. Saavedra-Sotelo

Keyword(s):

Mating System ◽

First Record

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Breeding Biology and Success of a Reintroduced Population of the Critically Endangered Puaiohi (Myadestes Palmeri)

The Auk ◽

10.1093/auk/123.3.753 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 123 (3) ◽

pp. 753-763 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Erik J. Tweed ◽

Jeffrey T. Foster ◽

Bethany L. Woodworth ◽

William B. Monahan ◽

Jherime L. Kellerman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

First Record ◽

Nesting Success ◽

Breeding Biology ◽

Rodent Control ◽

Breeding Behavior ◽

Adult Females ◽

In The Wild ◽

Daily Nest Survival ◽

High Predation ◽

Reintroduced Population

Abstract The ultimate success of reintroduction programs for endangered species depends on the ability of reintroduced animals to breed in the wild. We studied the nesting success and breeding biology of a reintroduced population of Puaiohi (Myadestes palmeri) on the island of Kaua'i, Hawaii. Thirty-four captive-bred Puaiohi were released into the Alaka'i Swamp in 1999-2001 and monitored using radiotelemetry. Ten females and two males paired with wild and other released birds, including one polygynous trio. From March to September, 31 nests were built. Mean clutch size was 2.0 eggs, daily nest survival was 0.97 ± 0.01 (mean ± SE) and overall nest success was 0.40 ± 0.02. We confirmed predation, most probably by rats (Rattus spp.), as the greatest cause of nest failure, occurring at 38% of active nests with known fates, and causing the death of two nesting adult females. Ground-based rodent control proved ineffective at protecting nest attempts. Successful nests fledged an average of 1.4 young each (n = 10), and 85% of fledglings survived at least two weeks. Importantly, breeding behavior and success were comparable to those of wild Puaiohi. This is the first record of breeding in the wild from captive-bred endangered Hawaiian passerines. The ability of captive-bred Puaiohi to survive and breed successfully in the wild bodes well for future releases of this and other endangered passerines, but high predation rates on nests and nesting females highlights the importance of maintaining and restoring safe habitat for recovery. Biología y Éxito Reproductivo de una Población Reintroducida de Myadestes palmeri, una Especie en Peligro Crítico

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Brief Mating Behavior at Dawn and Dusk and Long Nocturnal Matings in the Butterfly Melanitis leda

Journal of Insect Behavior ◽

10.1007/s10905-020-09753-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (2-4) ◽

pp. 138-147

Author(s):

Freerk Molleman ◽

Sridhar Halali ◽

Ullasa Kodandaramaiah

Keyword(s):

Mating System ◽

Mating Behavior ◽

South India ◽

Territorial Defense ◽

Warm Up ◽

Male Territoriality ◽

In Captivity ◽

In The Wild ◽

The Common ◽

Insight Into

Abstract Information on the mating system of an insect species is necessary to gain insight into sexual selection and population structure. Male territoriality of the common evening brown butterfly Melanitis leda has been studied in the wild, but other aspects of its mating system remain largely unknown. For a population of M. leda in South India, we observed male-male and male-female interactions in captivity, measured mating duration and spermatophore mass, and also determined the degree of polyandry in the wild. We found that mating behavior takes place for short periods of time around dawn and dusk. Our observations corroborate that males compete in aerial combats (twirling) and interfere with mating pairs. In the morning, they may use shivering to warm up. Females can twirl with males and refuse mating by pointing their abdomens upwards or by flying away. Males court females by fluttering their wings while perched behind females, and then initiate copulation by curling their abdomens ca. 180 degrees sideways to make genital contact. While in the morning, matings lasted on average one hour and twenty-three minutes and never exceeded three hours, in the evening, matings could be of similar duration, but 42% of butterflies only separated when dawn was approaching. However, such long nocturnal matings did not result in heavier spermatophores. The first spermatophore of a male tended to be larger than subsequent spermatophores. Together with previous studies on this species, our findings suggest that males compete mainly through territorial defense (as reported before), courtship performance, and interference, and to a lesser extent by providing spermatophores, while females exert some control over the mating system by the timing of their receptivity and mate choice.

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