Durability Loads Prediction of Body-on-Frame Vehicles using Full Vehicle Simulations

The transient thermal simulation is an important part of thermal management development for new vehicle architectures. Different techniques have been studied in the past to address this coupled conduction/convection/radiation problem. In order to fully capture the transient thermal behavior of various underhood and underbody components, it is also necessary to accurately model the thermal mass of each part and the thermal links between dissimilar materials. The paper will outline a new, efficient methodology for this type of thermal analysis that shows acceptable results for complex full vehicle thermal analysis without sacrificing accuracy. The methodology is based on approximating the transient convective field with intermittent steady state solutions. The paper will present results from this new approach and compare them with fully transient simulation results as well as experimental data. The new methodology can be optimized to significantly reduce simulation run times without sacrificing accuracy and to be more practical for application in the vehicle development cycle.

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An Effective Method of Modeling the Deformation Behavior of Polymer Sandwich Structures with Adhesive Joints

Applied Composite Materials ◽

10.1007/s10443-021-09948-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

László Takács ◽

Ferenc Szabó

Keyword(s):

Deformation Behavior ◽

Sandwich Structures ◽

Experimental Tests ◽

Mechanical Tests ◽

Adhesive Joints ◽

Core Material ◽

Full Vehicle ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Stiffness Matrices ◽

Layered Shells

AbstractPolymer sandwich structures have high bending stiffness and strength and also low weight. Therefore, they are widely used in the transportation industry. In the conceptual design phase, it is essential to have a method to model the mechanical behavior of the sandwich and its adhesive joints accurately in full-vehicle scale to investigate different structure partitioning strategies. In this paper, a novel approach using finite element modeling is introduced. The sandwich panels are modeled with layered shells and the joint lines with general stiffness matrices. Stiffness parameters of the face-sheets and the core material are obtained via mechanical tests. Stiffness parameters of the joints are determined by using the method of Design of Experiments, where detailed sub-models of the joints serve as a reference. These models are validated with experimental tests of glass-fiber reinforced vinyl ester matrix composite sandwich structure with a foam core. By using two joint designs and three reference geometries, it is shown that the method is suitable to describe the deformation behavior in a full-vehicle scale with sufficient accuracy.

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Applications of a DOE-Based MDO in Full Vehicle Crash Safety and NVH Design

10.4271/2021-01-0926 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fanlin Zeng ◽

Wei Li ◽

Hao Zheng ◽

Xuanquan Peng ◽

Jie Zheng

Keyword(s):

Full Vehicle ◽

Crash Safety ◽

Vehicle Crash

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A 1:3 Small Scale Vehicle Model Investigation in Small Scale Wind Tunnel and Correlation with Full Vehicle Testing

10.4271/2021-26-0493 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rohit Chandra pauriyal ◽

Parvej Alam Khan Majhar Khan ◽

Rajesh Thiyagarajan

Keyword(s):

Wind Tunnel ◽

Model Investigation ◽

Small Scale ◽

Vehicle Model ◽

Full Vehicle ◽

Vehicle Testing

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Decoupling control of active suspension and four-wheel steering based on Backstepping-ADRC with mechanical elastic wheel

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part D Journal of Automobile Engineering ◽

10.1177/09544070211056153 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095440702110561

Author(s):

Han Xu ◽

Youqun Zhao ◽

Qiuwei Wang ◽

Fen Lin ◽

Wei Pi

Keyword(s):

Ride Comfort ◽

Active Suspension ◽

Extended State Observer ◽

Decoupling Control ◽

Tire Model ◽

Extended State ◽

Full Vehicle ◽

Elastic Wheel ◽

Yaw Stability ◽

Mechanical Elastic Wheel

Mechanical elastic wheel (MEW) has the advantages of explosion-proof and prick-proof, which is conducive to the safety and maneuverability of the vehicle. However, the research on the performance of the full vehicle equipped with MEW is rare. Considering the particular properties of the radial and cornering stiffness of MEW, this paper aims to take into account both ride comfort and yaw stability of the vehicle equipped with the MEW through a nonlinear control method. Firstly, a 9-DOF nonlinear full vehicle model with the MEW tire model is constructed. The tire model is fitted based on experimental data, which corrects the impacts of vertical load on the cornering characteristic of the MEW. Then the full vehicle system is decoupled into four subsystems with a single input and a single output each according to active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) technology. In this process, the coupling relationship between different motions of the original system is regarded as the disturbance. Afterward, a novel nonlinear extended state observer is proposed, which has a similar structure of traditional linear extended state observer but smaller estimation error. Next, the control law of Backstepping-ADRC for different subsystems are derived respectively based on the Lyapunov theory. For the first time, the Backstepping-ADRC method is applied to the decoupling control of four-wheel steering and active suspension systems. Furthermore, the parameters of the controllers are adjusted through a multi-objective optimization scheme. Finally, simulation results validate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed controller, especially when encountering some disturbances. The indices of vehicle body attitude and ride comfort are improved significantly, and also the yaw stability is guaranteed simultaneously.

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Co-Simulation of Power Steering Control and Vehicle Dynamic Responses

10.1115/imece2001/met-25510 ◽

2001 ◽

Author(s):

Gene Y. Liao

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Model ◽

General Purpose ◽

Dynamic Responses ◽

Steering Wheel ◽

Vehicle Dynamic ◽

Steering Control ◽

Integrated Simulation ◽

Full Vehicle ◽

Power Steering ◽

Vehicle Dynamic Model

Abstract Many general-purpose and specialized simulation codes are becoming more flexible which allows analyses to be carried out simultaneously in a coupled manner called co-simulation. Using co-simulation technique, this paper develops an integrated simulation of an Electric Power Steering (EPS) control system with a full vehicle dynamic model. A full vehicle dynamic model interacting with EPS control algorithm is concurrently simulated on a single bump road condition. The effects of EPS on the vehicle dynamic behavior and handling responses resulting from steer and road input are analyzed and compared with proving ground experimental data. The comparisons show reasonable agreement on tie-rod load, rack displacement, steering wheel torque and tire center acceleration. This developed co-simulation capability may be useful for EPS performance evaluation and calibration as well as for vehicle handling performance integration.

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Methodology Development for Simulating Full Frontal and Offset Frontal Impacts Using Full Vehicle MADYMO Models

10.1115/imece1999-0943 ◽

1999 ◽

Author(s):

Bala Deshpande ◽

Gunasekar TJ ◽

Russell Morris ◽

Sudhanshu Parida ◽

Mostafa Rashidy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rigid Body ◽

Joint Stiffness ◽

Side Impact ◽

Computational Time ◽

Test Results ◽

Vehicle Interior ◽

Significant Saving ◽

Methodology Development ◽

Full Vehicle ◽

Frontal Impacts

Abstract MADYMO articulated full vehicle models of the 1992 Ford Taurus, 1995 Chevrolet Lumina and the 1994 Dodge Intrepid for frontal and side impact modes have been developed and validated against test data. MADYMO (Mathematical Dynamic Model) is typically used to model occupants in the environment of the vehicle interior and thus finds application mainly in assessing occupant injuries. In this study however, MADYMO has been employed not only to model the occupants but also to represent the major load bearing structures in the vehicles. Input for the MADYMO models consisting of rigid body joint stiffness was obtained from corresponding full vehicle Finite Element (FE) models. Model validation was done by comparing the vehicle and dummy numbers with the New Car Assessment Program (NCAP) test results. Models correlated very well with both test and FE data. This modeling approach demonstrates the utility of rigid body based full car models for crashworthiness analysis. Such models result in significant saving in computational time and resources. In this paper, we describe the simulation of two different crash modes: full frontal and offset frontal impacts using the full vehicle MADYMO models. These simulations were validated with the corresponding test results in full frontal mode and IIHS offset mode. The models are useful for simulating a variety of impact situations, for example, with different occupant sizes, occupant positions, impact velocities, and in car to car impacts for performing compatibility studies.

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Air Suspension Optimal Control Based on the Genetic Algorithm

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.467-469.1066 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 467-469 ◽

pp. 1066-1071

Author(s):

Zhong Xin Li ◽

Ji Wei Guo ◽

Ming Hong Gao ◽

Hong Jiang

Keyword(s):

Genetic Algorithm ◽

Optimal Control ◽

Dynamic Model ◽

Control Method ◽

Control Model ◽

Weight Matrix ◽

Object A ◽

Full Vehicle ◽

Air Suspension ◽

Optimal Control Method

Taking the full-vehicle eight-freedom dynamic model of a type of bus as the simulation object , a new optimal control method is introduced. This method is based on the genetic algorithm, and the full-vehicle optimal control model is built in the MatLab. The weight matrix of the optimal control is optimized through the genetic algorithm; then the outcome is compared with the artificially-set optimal control simulation, which shows that the genetic-algorithm based optimal control presents better performance, thereby creating a smoother ride and improving the steering stability of the vehicle.

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