One of the alternative fuels, originating from renewable sources, is
biodiesel fuel, which is introduced in diesel engines without major
construction modifications on the engine. Biodiesel fuel, by its physical and
chemical properties, is different from diesel fuel. Therefore, it is expected
that by the application of a biodiesel fuel, the characteristic parameters of
the injection system will change. These parameters have a direct impact on
the process of fuel dispersion into the engine cylinder, and mixing with the
air, which results in an impact on the quality of the combustion process.
Method of preparation of the air-fuel mixture and the quality of the
combustion process directly affect the efficiency of the engine and the level
of pollutant emissions in the exhaust gas, which today is the most important
criterion for assessing the quality of the engine. The paper presents a
detailed analysis of the influence of physical properties of a mixture of
diesel and biodiesel fuels on the output characteristics of the fuel
injection system. The following parameters are shown: injection pressure,
injection rate, the beginning and duration of injection, transformation of
potential into kinetic energy of fuel and increase of energy losses in fuel
injection system of various mixtures of diesel and biodiesel fuels. For the
analysis of the results a self-developed computer program was used to
simulate the injection process in the system. Computational results are
verified using the experiment, for a few mixtures of diesel and biodiesel
fuels. This paper presents the verification results for diesel fuel and
biodiesel fuel in particular.