Flight Crew Interface Considerations in the Flight Deck Design Process for Part 25 Aircraft

This paper reports on the results and lessons learned from constructing a design philosophy for a new aircraft. The High Speed Civil Transport aircraft is the next-generation supersonic transport, planned for initial operating capability in 2005. Current objectives for the aircraft include cruise speeds of Mach 2.4, ability to take off and land in low visibility, and restricted forward vision. These objectives necessitate consideration of major changes in some of the functions currently allocated to the human flight crew. An explicit design philosophy was defined as the first step in ensuring that system development proceeded with clear emphasis on supporting the human operators in accomplishing the goals of transporting their passengers and cargo safely, comfortably, efficiently and on schedule. This paper discusses the development and details of the integrated flight deck design philosophy that will be used to guide the development of a High Speed Civil Transport flight deck. The paper describes • the goals, scope and benefits of the flight deck design philosophy; • the effect on the current system development process; • the method used to produce the design philosophy; • examples of the philosophy and guideline statements, with rationale; • and finally, suggestions for improving the transfer of basic and applied research into the system design process.

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Human factors engineering - An integral part of the flight deck design process

10.2514/6.1991-3089 ◽

1991 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

ROLF BRAUNE ◽

R. GRAEBER ◽

DELMAR FADDEN

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Design Process ◽

Human Factors Engineering ◽

Flight Deck Design ◽

Flight Deck

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Flight Deck Task Management: A Cognitive Engineering Analysis

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193129604000421 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 239-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

William H. Rogers

Keyword(s):

Design Process ◽

Formal Analysis ◽

Cognitive Engineering ◽

Task Management ◽

Engineering Analysis ◽

Pilot Performance ◽

Mental Processes ◽

Flight Decks ◽

Flight Deck Design ◽

Flight Deck

Flight deck task management (TM) is a mostly cognitive function that is not well understood. There is increasing evidence of difficulties in unassisted pilot performance of TM, and it is anticipated that the complexity and scope of TM on future flight decks will increase. This all points to the need for a formal analysis of TM as part of the flight deck design process. To this end, cognitive engineering techniques were used to analyze the mental processes involved in flight deck TM. Normative and operational descriptions of TM were developed based, respectively, on previous analyses and pilot interviews. The two descriptions present interesting contrasts, but they are complementary, and in combination, provide a useful framework for beginning to address TM more formally within the flight deck design process.

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A Comparative Study Installation Arrangement of Primary Flight Display (PFD) in the Flight Deck’s Regional Passenger Transport Aircraft

AVITEC ◽

10.28989/avitec.v1i1.505 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anantia Prakasa ◽

Indra Permana Sopian

Keyword(s):

Head Rotation ◽

Passenger Transport ◽

Critical Periods ◽

Flight Crew ◽

Transport Aircraft ◽

Flight Deck Design ◽

Control Automation ◽

Commercial Purpose ◽

Aircraft System ◽

Flight Deck

The Flight Deck or cockpit is designed to support the prosecution of aircraft mission. For aircraft with commercial purpose such as passenger transport aircraft, there must be good “fit” between the human, the machine which composed of various aircraft system and the aircraft mission; and these are what the Flight Deck design process needs to ensure but not limited to display design, aircraft control, automation, HCI on the Flight Deck and pilot’s view to outside through cockpit windows namely external vision. The external vision of cockpit windows must satisfy regulatory requirements which intended to ensure that the view is adequate for pilots to operate the aircraft safely and gives them a reasonable opportunity to see and avoid other aircraft that pose a collision threat.Concurrently during critical periods of flight, it is important that the flight crew access information in front of his view with minimal head rotation. Cockpit-Displays with critical flight information should then be located to these locations. Compromising both external vision and internal vision as Pilot’s visibility should be attained.

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Asiana Airlines Flight 214

Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors ◽

10.1027/2192-0923/a000066 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 113-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Stephanie Chow ◽

Stephen Yortsos ◽

Najmedin Meshkati

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Aviation Safety ◽

Cultural Factors ◽

Vital Role ◽

Cultural Issues ◽

Flight Crew ◽

Pilot Performance ◽

Engineering Designs ◽

Flight Deck

This article focuses on a major human factors–related issue that includes the undeniable role of cultural factors and cockpit automation and their serious impact on flight crew performance, communication, and aviation safety. The report concentrates on the flight crew performance of the Boeing 777–Asiana Airlines Flight 214 accident, by exploring issues concerning mode confusion and autothrottle systems. It also further reviews the vital role of cultural factors in aviation safety and provides a brief overview of past, related accidents. Automation progressions have been created in an attempt to design an error-free flight deck. However, to do that, the pilot must still thoroughly understand every component of the flight deck – most importantly, the automation. Otherwise, if pilots are not completely competent in terms of their automation, the slightest errors can lead to fatal accidents. As seen in the case of Asiana Flight 214, even though engineering designs and pilot training have greatly evolved over the years, there are many cultural, design, and communication factors that affect pilot performance. It is concluded that aviation systems designers, in cooperation with pilots and regulatory bodies, should lead the strategic effort of systematically addressing the serious issues of cockpit automation, human factors, and cultural issues, including their interactions, which will certainly lead to better solutions for safer flights.

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