External and internal morphology of seed germination and seedling establishment in the white Guinea Yam, Dioscorea rotundata poir

Bio-Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C E Okezie ◽  
S N Okonkwo ◽  
F I Nwoke
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
Internal Morphology ◽  
Guinea Yam

scholarly journals Characterization of the Heat-Stable Proteome During Seed Germination in Arabidopsis with Special Focus on LEA Proteins

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8172
Author(s):  
Orarat Ginsawaeng ◽  
Michal Gorka ◽  
Alexander Erban ◽  
Carolin Heise ◽  
Franziska Brueckner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered Proteins ◽  
Late Embryogenesis Abundant ◽  
Disordered Proteins ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Lea Proteins ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered ◽  
Heat Stable

During seed germination, desiccation tolerance is lost in the radicle with progressing radicle protrusion and seedling establishment. This process is accompanied by comprehensive changes in the metabolome and proteome. Germination of Arabidopsis seeds was investigated over 72 h with special focus on the heat-stable proteome including late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins together with changes in primary metabolites. Six metabolites in dry seeds known to be important for seed longevity decreased during germination and seedling establishment, while all other metabolites increased simultaneously with activation of growth and development. Thermo-stable proteins were associated with a multitude of biological processes. In the heat-stable proteome, a relatively similar proportion of fully ordered and fully intrinsically disordered proteins (IDP) was discovered. Highly disordered proteins were found to be associated with functional categories development, protein, RNA and stress. As expected, the majority of LEA proteins decreased during germination and seedling establishment. However, four germination-specific dehydrins were identified, not present in dry seeds. A network analysis of proteins, metabolites and amino acids generated during the course of germination revealed a highly connected LEA protein network.

Seed dispersal interactions promoting plant invasions.

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
M. Celeste Díaz Vélez ◽  
Ana E. Ferreras ◽  
Valeria Paiaro
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Invasional Meltdown ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Origin Life

Abstract Animal dispersers are essential for many non-native plants since they facilitate seed movement and might promote seed germination and seedling establishment, thereby increasing their chances of invasion. This chapter reviews the published literature on seed dispersal of non-native plant species by native and/or non-native animals. The following questions are addressed: (i) Are interactions between non-native plants and their animal dispersers evenly studied worldwide? (ii) Which are the distinctive traits (i.e. geographical origin, life form, dispersal strategy and propagule traits) of non-native plants that are dispersed by animals? (iii) Which are the most studied groups of dispersers of non-native plants around the world? (iv) Does the literature provide evidence for the Invasional Meltdown Hypothesis (non-native plant-non-native disperser facilitation)? (v) What is the role of animal dispersers at different stages of the non-native plant regeneration process? Our dataset of 204 articles indicates that geographical distribution of the studies was highly heterogeneous among continents, with the highest number coming from North America and the lowest from Asia and Central America. Most of the non-native plants involved in dispersal studies were woody species from Asia with fleshy fruits dispersed by endozoochory. More than the half of the animal dispersal agents noted were birds, followed by mammals, ants and reptiles. The dominance of bird-dispersal interactions over other animal groups was consistent across geographical regions. Although most of the studies involved only native dispersers, interactions among non-native species were detected, providing support for the existence of invasional meltdown processes. Of the total number of reviewed articles reporting seed removal, 74% evaluated seed dispersal, but only a few studies included seed germination (35.3%), seedling establishment (5.4%) or seed predation (23.5%). Finally, we discuss some research biases and directions for future studies in the area.

Seed Germination and Seedling Establishment of Amazonian Floodplain Trees

2010 ◽  
pp. 259-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid de Oliveira Wittmann ◽  
Aline Lopes ◽  
Auristela Dos Santos Conserva ◽  
Florian Wittmann ◽  
Maria T. F. Piedade
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Establishment

scholarly journals Paternity Assignment in White Guinea Yam (Dioscorea Rotundata) Half-Sib Progenies from Polycross Mating Design Using SNP Markers

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prince E. Norman ◽  
Agre A. Paterne ◽  
Agyemang Danquah ◽  
Pangirayi B. Tongoona ◽  
Eric Y. Danquah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
Mating Design ◽  
Foreign Pollen ◽  
Paternal Identity ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
Guinea Yam

White Guinea yam is mostly a dioecious outcrossing crop with male and female flowers produced on distinct plants. Fertile parents produce high fruit set in an open pollination polycross block, which is a cost-effective and convenient way of generating variability in yam breeding. However, the pollen parent of progeny from polycross mating is usually unknown. This study aimed to determine paternity in white Guinea yam half-sib progenies from polycross mating design. A total of 394 half-sib progenies from random open pollination involving nine female and three male parents was genotyped with 6602 SNP markers from DArTSeq platform to recover full pedigree. A higher proportion of expected heterozygosity, allelic richness, and evenness were observed in the half-sib progenies. A complete pedigree was established for all progenies from two families (TDr1685 and TDr1688) with 100% accuracy, while in the remaining families, paternity was assigned successfully only for 56 to 98% of the progenies. Our results indicated unequal paternal contribution under natural open pollination in yam, suggesting unequal pollen migrations or gene flow among the crossing parents. A total of 3.8% of progenies lacking paternal identity due to foreign pollen contamination outside the polycross block was observed. This study established the efficient determination of parental reconstruction and allelic contributions in the white Guinea yam half-sib progenies generated from open pollination polycross using SNP markers. Findings are useful for parental reconstruction, accurate dissection of the genetic effects, and selection in white Guinea yam breeding program utilizing polycross mating design.

scholarly journals Simple sequence repeat‐based mini‐core collection for white Guinea yam ( Dioscorea rotundata Poir.) germplasm

Crop Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babil Pachakkil ◽  
Shinsuke Yamanaka ◽  
Gezahegn Girma ◽  
Ryo Matsumoto ◽  
Muluneh Tamiru‐Oli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
Mini Core Collection ◽  
Guinea Yam ◽  
Simple Sequence

scholarly journals Cross-Infection Experiments of Psittacanthus schiedeanus: Effects of Host Provenance, Gut Passage, and Host Fate on Mistletoe Seedling Survival

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 780-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Magdalena Ramírez ◽  
Juan Francisco Ornelas
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
The Other ◽  
Liquidambar Styraciflua ◽  
Gut Passage ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Treatment Interaction ◽  
Race Formation ◽  
Full Factorial

Host-specific race formation has been suggested for mistletoe species using cross-dispersal experiments. Here, we tested the effects of host provenance, bird gut passage, and host fate on Psittacanthus schiedeanus seed either manually extracted or bird gut-passed on four host species in Veracruz, Mexico: Acacia pennatula, Liquidambar styraciflua, Platanus mexicana, and Quercus germana. Both groups of seed were placed on the branches of host trees in a full factorial design of cross-inoculation. Bird gut passage had no effect on seed germination, and the only factor having a significant effect on seed germination was host provenance. Results of seedling establishment were similar to those of seed germination, where mistletoe seed inoculated on P. mexicana were more likely to germinate and seedlings to establish than seed inoculated on the other hosts. The significant host provenance–fruit treatment interaction was largely due to a lower seedling establishment of gut-passed seed from P. mexicana to P. mexicana and the other hosts. Although host provenance of mistletoe seed was a significant predictor in germination and seedling establishment, the host provenance–host fate interaction was the only significant predictor for seedling survival. The significant host provenance–host fate interaction was largely due to higher survival success of mistletoe seed from L. styraciflua to L. styraciflua and P. mexicana and from P. mexicana to P. mexicana and a lower success from Q. germana to Q. germana and from A. pennatula to A. pennatula.

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