Socio-demographic and clinical profile of patients admitted into Ebonyi State University Teaching Hospital: a three-year retrospective study.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most severe complication in pediatric cases of type 1 diabetes and also the leading cause of death in these children. There is a broad geographic variation in the frequency of DKA at the onset of diabetes. This study sought to determine DKA's prevalence and pattern in Enugu and review the treatment and outcome over ten years. This retrospective study conduct in the Children Emergency Rooms (CHER) of the two tertiary institutions in Enugu State, southeast Nigeria: Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH) and the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH). The biochemical criteria for the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) base on the presence of hyperglycemia (blood glucose > 11 mmol/L), acidosis (serum bicarbonate < 15 mmol/L), and ketonuria (urine ketone ?1+). A total of 16,488 children were admitted during the ten years, of which 21 children presented with DKA, representing a prevalence of 0.13%. Six (28.6%) of the patients were newly diagnosed diabetics, while fifteen (71.4%) known diabetics, of which 9 (60%) were presenting with DKA for the first time. A total of two patients died, giving a mortality rate of 9.5%. The rest treated and discharged. The total hospitalization duration ranged from 1–31 days, with a mean duration of 13.3 ± 7.5 days. This study has revealed some of the challenges with the management of children with DKA and the unacceptably high mortality rate.

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Histopathology of bladder carcinomas: an eight year retrospective study at Lagos state university teaching hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20201489 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 1619

Author(s):

Daniel A. Sanni ◽

Oluwaseun O. William ◽

Sunday S. Soyemi ◽

Abimbola A. Abolarinwa ◽

Abiodun O. Popoola

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Bladder Carcinoma ◽

University Teaching ◽

World Health ◽

State University ◽

Sex Distribution ◽

Lagos State ◽

Bladder Carcinomas ◽

Age And Sex

Background: This study was undertaken to evaluate the histological types, frequency, age and sex distribution of bladder carcinoma in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja, Lagos state. This study aims to classify bladder carcinoma in this centre according to the World Health Organisation/ International Society of Urological Pathology.Methods: An eight-year retrospective study of all bladder carcinomas specimens that were sent to the department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, LASUTH between 1st January, 2011 and 31st December, 2018 was done. Relevant data consisting of the age and sex distributions as well as histopathological types were extracted from the departmental information system and filed documents. The data was analysed using the IBM-SPSS version 25.0.Results: There were 87 cases of bladder tumours, out of which 55 (63.2%) were bladder carcinomas. The mean age at diagnosis of bladder carcinomas was 56.9±13.9 years. Sex distribution has male to female ratio of 1: 1. Urothelial carcinoma predominates as the most common histological type.Conclusions: Bladder carcinoma presents most frequently at the 5th decade of life, with a slight male preponderance.

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Post Neonatal Tetanus as Seen in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria: Prevalence, Clinical Profile and Outcome

Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases ◽

10.9734/ajrid/2021/v7i130209 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 38-47

Author(s):

Tamunoiyowuna Grace Okari ◽

Boma Awoala West

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Tetanus Toxoid ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Clinical Profile ◽

University Teaching ◽

Neonatal Tetanus ◽

State University ◽

The Mean ◽

Rivers State

Background: Post neonatal tetanus, a vaccine preventable disease is a cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in many developing countries including Nigeria. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence, clinical profile and outcome of children with post-neonatal tetanus. Methods: This prospective observational study carried out over 3years in the Paediatric ward of the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, was among children older than 28days and up to 16years. Result: Of 966 children admitted during the period of study, 12 had post-neonatal tetanus giving a prevalence of 1.2%. Six (50%) were > 10years old with a M:F ratio of 5:1, 5(41.7%) resided in rural areas and all (100%) were of low socioeconomic status. Six (50%) did not receive tetanus toxoid vaccine and no child had booster doses. Portal of entry for the infection was majorly via injuries on their limbs, 7(58.3%). The mean incubation period was 10.58±7.39 days while the mean onset interval was 31.58±27.85 hours. Three (25%) children had severe tetanus using Ablett’s classification with spasm 11(91.7%) documented as the commonest symptom. Half, 6(50%) of the children had autonomic complications and an overall case fatality rate of 25%. Conclusion: The prevalence of post-neonatal tetanus in the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital was low being 1.2%, although unacceptable. The mortality rate of post-neonatal tetanus of 25% was high. Thus, there is a need to strengthen existing immunization program and immediately adopt the commencement of booster doses of tetanus toxoid vaccines for eligible children in Nigeria.

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