scholarly journals Evaluation de la fertilité des sols et les rendements de cotonnier, maïs et sorgho à >Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex. Walp

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 2583-2598
Author(s):  
Salif Doumbia ◽  
Sidiki G. Dembele ◽  
Fagaye Sissoko ◽  
Odiaba Samake ◽  
Fernando Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Split Plot

De nos jours, la carence en fertilité des sols est un problème très répandu dans la plupart des pays subsahariens. G. sepium a été testé en association avec le cotonnier, le maïs et le sorgho afin de développer les meilleures pratiques dans deux stations de recherche et en milieu paysan dans les zones soudaniennes et soudano-guinéenne du Mali. L'objectif de cette étude était de développer, avec les producteurs participants, une technologie agro-forestière basée sur le Gliricidia sepium dans le système de culture en couloir. Le dispositif expérimental utilisé a été le Split plot à quatre répétitions. Le pH, le carbone organique du sol et l'azote ont été analysé dans des échantillons de sol de 0 à 20 cm de profondeur prélevés en 2016 au début de l'expérience et en 2018. Les rendements grains moyens de coton, de maïs et de sorgho associés au G. sepium étaient respectivement de 812, 1457 et 1377 kg.ha-1, alors qu'ils étaient significativement plus faibles sans G. sepium, avec 623, 1014 et 807 kg.ha-1 respectivement. Pendant la troisième année suivant la plantation de G. sepium, la teneur en carbone organique et en azote total du sol a augmenté de 5% dans les sols situés entre les allées. Le G. sepium en association avec les cultures a le potentiel d'améliorer leurs rendements et le sol.Mots clés : Carbone organique, azote, rendements, zones soudanienne et soudano-guinéenne, Mali English Title: Evaluation of Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex. Walp effect on soil fertility, yields of cotton, maize and sorghum Nowdays, soil fertility deficiency is a widespread issue in most Sub-Saharian countries specially where the application of less input is the common agricultural practices. Thus the legume plant, G. sepium was established with cotton, maize and sorghum to develop best practices for increasing crop yield and soil fertility at two research stations and farming environment in the Sudanian and Sudano-Guinean zones of Mali. The objective of this study was to develop an agroforestry technology with farmers based on Gliricidia sepium in alley cropping system. The experimental design was Split plot with four replications. Soil pH, soil organic carbon and nitrogen were analyzed from 0-20 cm deep soil samples taken in 2016 at the beginning of the experiment and in 2018. Mean grain yields of cotton, maize and sorghum associated with G. sepium were 812, 1457 and 1377 kg.ha-1, respectively, while they were significantly lower without G. sepium with 623, 1014 and 807 kg.ha-1 as respectively cotton, maize and sorghum yield. In the third year after planting G. sepium, the soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content increased by 5% between the alleys. G. sepium in association with crops has the potential to improve crop yields and soil fertility.Keywords: Gliricidia sepium, organic carbon, nitrogen, yields, Mali.

Relative Contribution of aggregated soil Carbon to soil organic carbon pool in an Ultisol, SouthEastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akudo Ogechukwu Onunwa ◽  
Ifeyinwa Monica Uzoh ◽  
Chukwuebuka Christopher Okolo ◽  
Charles Arinze Igwe ◽  
John Nwite
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Carbon Pool ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Organic Carbon Pool

<p> </p><p>                                                                        <strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>Maintenance of Soil Organic Matter (SOM) has been recognized as a strategy that could reduce soil degradation, improve soil organic carbon (SOC) pool thereby reducing atmospheric concentration of carbon iv oxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) so as to ameliorate the effect of carbon and other greenhouse gases on the environment. Soil fertility depletion in the humid tropics is a serious problem emanating from erosion and leaching due to intense rainfall. Decrease in soil fertility and productivity is believed to be due to depletion in SOM. This study aims at determining the relative contributions (RC) of the various aggregated soil carbon (C<sub>WSA</sub>) (which is a function of available organic matter in the soil) to Soil organic carbon pool. Soil samples were collected from an area of land (0.1125ha) planted to sole cowpea, sole maize and maize-cowpea intercrop in No till (NT) and conventionally tilled (CT) plots amended with poultry droppings (PD), pig waste (PW), cassava peels (CP) at 20t/ha each and a control in a split-split plot in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates. Cropping system was assigned to the main plots, tillage system was assigned to split plot while organic amendments and control was assigned to the split-split plot measuring 7.5m<sup>2</sup>. The same treatment was maintained for two planting seasons (2012 and 2013), with the residual taken in 2013. Soil samples were collected at 0-30cm at the end of each planting season and SOC of the whole soil and the aggregated  soil carbon (2mm, 2-1mm,1-0.5mm 0.5-0.25mm and < 0.25mm) were determined using Walkley  and Black method as described by Nelson and Sommers (1982). Data collected were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using Genstat release 7.22D. The result revealed that there is a trend of aggregate size fractions 1-0.25mm contributing more carbon to the SOC than aggregate size fractions >2-1mm irrespective of the cropping system, tillage method or organic amendments applied. The highest relative contribution of aggregated soil carbon to the SOC pool shifted from the micro-aggregates (<0.25mm) to the macro-aggregates (1.0-0.25mm) for as long as the organic amendments lasted but gradually returned to the micro-aggregates when the amendments were withdrawn. It is therefore recommended that organic amendments be use to improve the soil aggregation which goes a long way in improving soil carbon pool thereby ameliorating the effect of carbon and other green house gases on the environment.</p><p>Key Words: Soil Organic carbon pool, Soil Aggregated carbon, Relative Contribution, Macro and Micro Aggregates</p>

scholarly journals Soil Chemical Properties Changes under Alley Cropping in Terrace Ecosystem of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
A. S. M. J. Alam ◽  
S. R. Saha ◽  
M. G. Miah ◽  
M. M. Rahman ◽  
M. R. Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Total N ◽  
Sound Environment

Soil health needs to be improved for the sustenance of a productive agriculture and sound environment where alley cropping system might play a vital role. The study was composed of two factors viz. three alley widths of Gliricidia sepium (3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 m), and five nitrogen levels (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the recommended dose) along with pruned materials in a split-plot design with three replications. The soil chemical properties were examined in alleys of Gliricidia sepium tree over two consecutive seasons. Results displayed that pruned materials (PM) of G. sepium increased the soil pH, organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S), exchangeable calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil in different alley widths compared to the control. However, alley width 3.0 m and 100% N along with PM displayed the maximum OC (0.94%), total N (0.21%), available P (16.26 ppm), exchangeable Ca (2.54 meq/100 g) and Mg (0.90 meq/100 g), while maximum exchangeable K and CEC were noted in alley width 4.5 m and 100% N along with PM. The above results explicated that the improvement of the soil chemical properties by using pruned materials of G. sepium in alleys can be a promising option for uplifting the soil health condition as well as sustainable agricultural practices.

Alley Farming with Leucaena: Effect of Short Grazed Fallows on Soil Fertility and Crop Yields

1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Atta-Krah
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Alley Farming ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Term Trial

SUMMARYA long-term trial with Leucaena leucocephala was initiated in 1982 to test the sustainability of Leucaena-based alley farming compared to a conventional cropping system without trees and with continuous cultivation of maize. It assessed the integration of short grazed fallows in rotation within Leucaena alleys and their effect on soil fertility and crop yields.The various treatments had no effect on soil pH during the four-year period of the trial. The organic carbon and total nitrogen contents of the soils under conventional cropping were lower by the end of the fourth year than those under alley cropping and alley grazing treatments, whereas soil phosphorus levels were lower in the alley cropping and grazing plots. Foliage dry matter production of Leucaena under alley cropping management ranged from 6.0 to 6.7 t ha−1 a−1 under continuous cropping and reached 8 t ha−1 when alley cropping was preceded by a grazed fallow. Crop yields were consistently higher with alley cropping than with conventional cropping. Alley cropping plots in rotation with two year grazed fallows gave significantly higher crop yields during cropping years than those under continuous cultivation.

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