Genetic analysis of low-n traits in maize (Zea mays L) using triple test cross

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
M.S. Afolabi ◽  
G.O. Agbowuro ◽  
A.E Salami ◽  
M.O. Akoroda
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Triple Test Cross ◽  
Test Cross ◽  
Triple Test ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Low Nitrogen

Low-N maize variety is developed for its ability to tolerate low nitrogen soil environment. This experiment was conducted to study the genetic implication of Low-N maize variety for grain yield and related traits under low nitrogen soil conditions triple test cross analysis. Inbred lines used for the study were generated from twelve low nitrogen tolerance open pollinated maize varieties after six generations of selfing. Two inbred lines along with their F1 were used as testers for ten inbred lines in a triple test cross pattern to generate 30 crosses. The 30 crosses, their parents and the testers to State University, Ado-Ekiti during 2017 planting season. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Data were collected on plant height, ear height, days to 50% anthesis, days to 50% silking, incidence of curvularia leaf spot, blight, plant aspect, ear aspect, ear rot, stay green, cob per plant, ear weight, grain moisture content and grain yield. All data were subjected to analysis of variance and complete genetic estimates. Additive and dominants were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits; however, epitasis estimates were not significant for all the traits tested. The degree of dominance component indicated partial dominance for all the traits. Correlation coefficients for days to 50% anthesis and 50% silking, plant height, ear height, number of cobs per plant and grain yield were positive and significant (P < 0.05). Since both additive and dominance gene actions were important for low-N traits, the use of reciprocal recurrent selection procedure can be adopted in incorporating the trait into elite maize varieties.

scholarly journals Genetic Dissection of Low-N Traits using Triple Test Cross Analysis in Maize (Zea mays L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Afolabi M. Segun ◽  
Salami A. Ekundayo
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Triple Test Cross ◽  
Test Cross ◽  
Triple Test ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Ear Height

Low-N maize is bred for its ability to tolerate low soil nitrogen (N) by growing and producing grain that compares appreciably to conventional varieties. This experiment was conducted to study the genetic effects of grain yield and other agronomic traits in Low-N maize using triple test cross analysis. Twelve low-N open pollinated maize varieties were converted to the inbred line after six generations of selfing and used for the experiment. Two inbred lines along with their F1 were used as testers for ten inbred lines in a triple test cross pattern to generate 30 crosses and along with their parents and testers to make a total of 43 entries which were evaluated at the Teaching and Research Farms of Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti during in 2017. The design was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Data was collected on plant height, ear height, days to 50% anthesis, days to 50% silking, the incidence of Curvularia leaf spot, blight, plant aspect, ear aspect, ear rot, stay green, cob per plant, ear weight, grain moisture content and grain yield. All data was subjected to analysis of variance and complete genetic estimates made. Additive and dominants were significant (P0.05) for all traits, however, epitasis estimates were not significant for all the traits. The degree of dominance component indicated partial dominance for all the traits. Correlation coefficients for days to 50% anthesis and 50% silking, plant height, ear height, number of cob per plant and grain yield were positive and significant (P0.05). Since both additive and dominance gene actions were important for low-N traits, the use of reciprocal recurrent selection procedure can be adopted in incorporating the trait into elite maize varieties.

scholarly journals On-farm comparison of improved maize variety Manakamana-3 with Local Thulo Seto for grain yield and agronomic attributes at Dukuchhap, Lalitpur, Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
MN Paudel ◽  
R Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Stalk Lodging ◽  
On Farm

On-farm studies were carried out at Dukuchhap, (1100-1500 m), Lalitpur, an Outreach Research Site of Khumaltar complex during 2006-2007 full season maize growing (May-Sep). The study consisted of comparison among grain yield, and agronomic attributes between Manakamana-3, an improved OPV and Local Thulo Seto maize varieties. Field surveys were conducted to gather information on aforesaid attributes of these maize varieties. In 2006, data were recorded from 265 plants for Local Thulo Seto and 131 plants from different fields for Manakamana-3 while in 2007 they were recorded from 180 plants for both varieties. The result of the study revealed that both of these varieties were comparable for grain yield and ear length. However, combined analysis over years for plant and ear height, ear fill, and ear circumference showed a highly significant result. It was also recorded that plant height, ear height and ear filled remained dynamic between these varieties over years. Plant height of Local Thulo Seto was exceptionally tall up to 364 cm compared to Manakamana-3 which attained a plant height up to 241 cm. The most important yield parameter of grain weight/ear was not affected due to years and varieties. Bivariate relationship among grain yield and agronomic attributes showed that grain weight/ear was highly correlated with ear length (r=0.73**), ear fill (r=0.75**), and ear circumference (r=0.63**). Ear height was not correlated with grain yield. It was also observed that plant height has a negative relationship with grain yield and ear attributes except for ear height which was positively correlated with plant height. Maize variety Thulo Seto is popular in Dukuchhap where area coverage of this variety is more than 80% in the locality. There is a serious limitation of this variety at Dukuchhap because of stalk lodging which was severe in 2006 as a result around 80% plants have the problem of stalk lodging. Farmers preferred this variety because it is resistant to early drought which is another problem for maize growing at Dukuchhap. Therefore, if we improve population of Thulo Seto in farmers’ field and reduce plant height of this variety by way of population improvement there is no need of introducing new varieties of maize in immediate future at Dukuchhap and similar domain in Lalitpur. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajn.v1i0.7537 Agronomy Journal of Nepal (Agron JN) Vol. 1: 2010 pp.10-15

Triple test cross predictions of the performance of recombinant inbred lines from a wide cross in onions (Allium cepa)

1988 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. WERNER ◽  
B. D. DOWKER ◽  
D. C. DeSOUZA ◽  
A. P. SETTER ◽  
T. C. CROWTHER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Triple Test Cross ◽  
Test Cross ◽  
Wide Cross ◽  
Triple Test

Triple test cross analysis in four sesame crosses (Sesamum indicum L.)

2001 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. BAKHEIT ◽  
A. A. ISMAIL ◽  
A. A. EL-SHIEMY ◽  
F. S. SEDEK
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Epistatic Effect ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Triple Test Cross ◽  
Test Cross ◽  
Triple Test ◽  
Oil Percentage ◽  
Number Of Branches

The present study was carried out during 1996, 1997 and 1998 to estimate the additive, dominance and epistatic components of genetic variation for yield, yield components and wilt infection by using 90 triple test cross families and their parents, F1 and F2 in each of four sesame crosses, i.e. Bengalian×Giza 32 (TTC1), Intro 259×Giza 25 (TTC2), Intro 413×Intro 777 (TTC3) and Shandaweel 5×Line 107 (TTC4). Mean squares from the genetic analysis of variance and the overall epistatic gene effects were highly significant differences for all studied characters. The [i] type (additive×additive) was the most important epistatic effect for height of the first capsule (TTC4), number of branches/plant (TTC1 and TTC3), length of the fruiting zone (TTC1, TTC2 and TTC3), days to the first flower and number of capsules/plant (TTC1, TTC2 and TTC4), 1000-seed (TTC3), wilt infection percentage (TTC3 and TTC4) and plant height, capsule length and seed yield/plant in all crosses. The ratio of (H/D)1/2 confirmed the presence of partial dominance for all studied traits. The highest proportion of recombinant lines was obtained for days to the first flower, number of branches/plant, height of the first capsule and seed yield/plant in TTC3 and plant height, capsule length, length of the fruiting zone number of capsules/plant, 1000-seed weight and oil percentage in TTC2.

Triple test cross analysis in first backcross populations of four wheat crosses

1978 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Singh ◽  
R. B. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Triple Test Cross ◽  
Test Cross ◽  
Triple Test ◽  
Additive Component ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
Metric Traits

SUMMARYThe triple test cross analysis (Kearsey & Jinks, 1968; Jinks & Perkins, 1970) was used to detect and estimate the additive, dominance and epistatic components of genetic variation for four metric traits, namely, final plant height, number of spikelets per spike, 100-kernel weight and yield per plant, in the first backcross populations of four wheat crosses (Norteno 67 α Moti, Sonalika α Moti, Kalyan Sona α Sonalika and Kalyan Sona × NP 876). Epistasis was a more important component of variation for final plant height and yield per plant than for number of spikelets per spike and 100-kernel weight. On the other hand, the additive component was highly significant for all four characters in all eight backcrosses.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis for yield, precocity and height in yellow maize genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-429
Author(s):  
Victor Mario García Mora ◽  
Julián Chura Chuquija ◽  
Julio Torres
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Female Flowering ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Additive Genes

The objective of the present study was to determine the general combinatorial aptitude (GCA), specific combinatorial aptitude (SCA) and heterosis in inbred lines of yellow maize and its crosses for, the yield of grain, height of plant and ear and days to male and female flowering. Six inbred lines from CIMMYT, their direct crosses and four controls were evaluated at UNALM during 2016-2018, under a 5 x 5 lattice design with four repetitions. The effects of GCA and SCA were calculated using method II, model I of Griffing. Heterosis was measured based on the mean and best parent. Heterosis was measured based on the mean and best parent. The combined analysis of years showed significance (p ≤ 0.01) in: genotypes by years for days to male and female flowering; GCA for years for days to male flowering and SCA for years for days to female flowering. The effects of ACG for grain yield were significant in lines CML 229 and CML 428, for plant height, precocity, ear and precocity CML 487 line highlighted. The effect of ACE was superior in the cross CML 453 x CML 486 for the grain yield character. Heterosis was higher for the grain yield in the CML 229 x CML 453 and CML 453 x CML 487 crosses. The GCA / SCA relationship evidenced effects of additive genes on plant height, days to male and female flowering, therefore, for grain yield and ear height, non-additive effects governed.

scholarly journals Combining abilities and inbreeding depression in commercial maize hybrids

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4133
Author(s):  
Henrique José Camargo Senhorinho ◽  
Ronald José Barth Pinto ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
Klayton Flávio Milani ◽  
Thiago Hideyo Nihei
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Square Lattice ◽  
Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Ear Height

<p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the combining ability and inbreeding depression of commercial maize hybrids for agricultural traits. Twenty-two commercial maize hybrids, 96 F1 crosses from a partial diallel scheme, 22 S1 populations and 4 controls were evaluated in a 12x12 simples square lattice experimental setup, totaling 144 treatments, in the municipality of Sabáudia (PR), Brazil, for harvests from 2011/2012 and 2012/2013. Three traits were evaluated: grain yield, plant height and ear height. The Griffing method (1956) was applied for the evaluation of the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). The 30B39, 30K64 and 30B30 hybrids showed increased yield, 30F53 and P1630 showed reduced plant height and AG9040 and AG7010 showed reduced ear height. These hybrids can be recommended for the extraction of inbred lines and formation of composites followed by intrapopulation selection. The combinations 30B39 x AG8088, 30B39 x AG9045 and P1630 x AG8021 showed desirable SCA effects for grain yield, plant height and ear height and are recommended for use in reciprocal recurrent selection programs. High magnitudes of inbreeding depression were verified for yield and lower values for inbreeding depression for plant and ear heights. Thus, strategies are recommended for interpopulation breeding accompanied by inbred lines extraction.</p>

scholarly journals Combining abilities and inbreeding depression in commercial maize hybrids

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4133
Author(s):  
Henrique José Camargo Senhorinho ◽  
Ronald José Barth Pinto ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
Klayton Flávio Milani ◽  
Thiago Hideyo Nihei
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Square Lattice ◽  
Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Ear Height

The objective of this study was to evaluate the combining ability and inbreeding depression of commercial maize hybrids for agricultural traits. Twenty-two commercial maize hybrids, 96 F1 crosses from a partial diallel scheme, 22 S1 populations and 4 controls were evaluated in a 12x12 simples square lattice experimental setup, totaling 144 treatments, in the municipality of Sabáudia (PR), Brazil, for harvests from 2011/2012 and 2012/2013. Three traits were evaluated: grain yield, plant height and ear height. The Griffing method (1956) was applied for the evaluation of the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). The 30B39, 30K64 and 30B30 hybrids showed increased yield, 30F53 and P1630 showed reduced plant height and AG9040 and AG7010 showed reduced ear height. These hybrids can be recommended for the extraction of inbred lines and formation of composites followed by intrapopulation selection. The combinations 30B39 x AG8088, 30B39 x AG9045 and P1630 x AG8021 showed desirable SCA effects for grain yield, plant height and ear height and are recommended for use in reciprocal recurrent selection programs. High magnitudes of inbreeding depression were verified for yield and lower values for inbreeding depression for plant and ear heights. Thus, strategies are recommended for interpopulation breeding accompanied by inbred lines extraction.

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