scholarly journals Tetrahydropalmatine reduces cell death and improves functional recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury in ratsTetrahydropalmatine reduces cell death and improves functional recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-711
Author(s):  
Haihu Hao ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Dou Wu ◽  
Hao Xing ◽  
Yahui Geng
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Apoptotic Index ◽  
Tunel Assay ◽  
Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cord Injury

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of tetrahydropalmatine (THP) in the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Methods: Adult Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups: normal control group, SCI group, and SCI group treated with THP (100 mg kg-1). The effect of THP on spinal cord water content, levels of inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress and apoptosis were determined. Locomotor activity in rats was measured using Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) scores. Various oxidative stress markers as well as cytokine levels (NF-ĸB, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α were determined. Apoptotic index was measured using TUNEL assay. Results: After 72 h of treatment with THP, BBB scores in SCI group of rats significantly increased from 4.19 ± 0.41 to 8.89 ± 0.47 (p < 0.05). Tunel assay revealed a higher apoptotic index (42.50 ± 3.19) in the tissues of SCI rats than in SCI rats treated with THP (31.48 ± 1.19, p < 0.01). Expressions of inflammatory cytokines were significantly upregulated in SCI rats. However, THP administration resulted in significant downregulation of the expressions (p < 0.01). Conclusion: These results indicate that THP attenuates traumatic SCI in rats via modulation of the levels of anti-inflammatory mediators. Thus, THP has a promising potential for the management of SCI.

Minocycline Reduces Cell Death and Improves Functional Recovery after Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in the Rat

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1017-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang M. Lee ◽  
Tae Y. Yune ◽  
Sun J. Kim ◽  
Do W. Park ◽  
Young K. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cord Injury

MIC-1/GDF15 Overexpression Is Associated with Increased Functional Recovery in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (24) ◽  
pp. 3410-3421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Hassanpour Golakani ◽  
Mohammad G. Mohammad ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Joanne Gamble ◽  
Samuel N. Breit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Piperine Attenuates the Inflammatory Response, Oxidative Stress and Pyroptosis to Facilitate Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury via Autophagy Enhancement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haojie Zhang ◽  
Chenyu Wu ◽  
Jin-Feng Huang ◽  
Yanlin Chen ◽  
Wen-Fei Ni
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cord Injury

Abstract Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious injury that can lead to irreversible motor dysfunction and subsequently result in disability and even death. Due to its complicated pathogenic mechanism, there are no effective drug treatments. Piperine, a natural active alkaloid extracted from black pepper, suppressed inflammation in a previous study. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of piperine in a spinal cord injury model.Methods: Spinal cord injury was induced in C57BL/6 mice by clamping the spinal cord with a vascular clip (15 g force; Oscar) for 1 min. Eighty mice were divided randomly into the following four groups: The Sham group (n = 20), the SCI+Vehicle group (n = 20), the SCI+ Piperine group (n = 20), and the SCI+ Piperine+3MA group (n = 20). Before SCI and every 2 days post-SCI, evaluations of the Basso mouse scale (BMS) were performed. On day 14 after SCI, inclined plane tests and footprint analyses were performed. On postoperative day 3, the spinal cord was harvested to assess pyroptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammation, and autophagy. Qualitative or quantitative analysis of the components of these potential mechanisms was performed by Western blotting (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: Piperine enhanced the functional recovery of spinal cord injury. Additionally, piperine inhibited inflammation, attenuated oxidative stress and pyroptosis, and activated autophagy. However, the effects of piperine on the functional recovery of SCI, ROS-mediated autophagy, inflammation and pyroptosis were reversed by the inhibition of autophagy.Conclusions: Our experiments demonstrated that piperine facilitated the functional recovery of spinal cord injury by inhibiting the inflammatory response, oxidative stress and pyroptosis, which are mediated by the activation of autophagy.

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