MAGNETIC SEPARATION OF STEEL CANS: A KEY TO SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT1

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 378-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Robert Cherneff
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Steel Industry ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Copper Mining ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Technological Solution ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Collection Programs

A growing number of communities are finding that municipal magnetic separation of steel cans is an ecological, economic, and technological solution to part of their solid waste problem. Steel's unique magnetic property permits the large-scale efficient reclamation of steel cans from collected municipal garbage. Magnetic separation enables municipalities to extend the life of scarce landfill sites, produces revenues from the sale of scrap cans, lowers the cost of waste disposal, and helps conserve a valuable resource through recycling. It also leads to salvaging vastly greater numbers of used cans than do the volunteer collection programs. Successful recycling programs require that economically viable markets be maintained for reclaimed materials. America's steel industry is actively developing uses for reclaimed steel cans. Steel producers have agreed to accept all reclaimed steel cans for remelting into new steel products. Also, the copper mining industry uses salvaged cans to produce copper from low grade ore. Detinners and ferroalloy plants offer additional markets for salvaged steel cans.

Waste minimization program in Shuaiba Industrial Area

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 289-295
Author(s):  
Saleh Al-Muzaini
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Waste Minimization ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Eastern Sector ◽  
Western Sector ◽  
Petroleum Companies ◽  
The Cost

The Shuaiba Industrial Area (SIA) is located about 50 km south of Kuwait City. It accommodates most of the large-scale industries in Kuwait. The total area of the SIA (both eastern and western sectors) is about 22.98 million m2. Fifteen plants are located in the eastern sector and 23 in the western sector, including two petrochemical companies, three refineries, two power plants, a melamine company, an industrial gas corporation, a paper products company and, two steam electricity generating stations, in addition to several other industries. Therefore, only 30 percent of the land in the SIA's eastern sector and 70 percent of land in the SIA's western sector is available for future expansion. Presently, industries in the SIA generate approximately 204,000 t of solid waste. With future development in the industries in the SIA, the estimated quantities will reach 240,000 t. The Shuaiba Area Authority (SAA), a governmental regulatory body responsible for planning and development in the SIA, has recognized the problem of solid waste and has developed an industrial waste minimization program. This program would help to reduce the quantity of waste generated within the SIA and thereby reduce the cost of waste management. This paper presents a description of the waste minimization program and how it is to be implemented by major petroleum companies. The protocols employed in the waste minimization program are detailed.

Study on Mergers of Large Scale Corporations in Steel Industry Based on the Perspective of Uncertainty of Market Demand

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 3974-3977
Author(s):  
Bo Hong Wu ◽  
Xiao Jiang Zhuang ◽  
Xiang Ji
Keyword(s):  
Steel Industry ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Capacity Constraints ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Cost Asymmetry ◽  
Duopoly Model ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Cost

This article applies Continuous Duopoly Model of HT (1990) to analyze the cost asymmetry of the upstream enterprises as well as the downstream price being subjected to market constraints two factors. After the study of two aspects on market demand deficiency and demand surplus during the mergers of large scale corporation in steel industry, authors conclude that upstream capacity constraints can play a key role in the mergers of large scale corporations in Steel Industry.

scholarly journals The wealth gifted to the large-scale copper mining industry in Chile: New estimates, 2005-2014

CEPAL Review ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (124) ◽  
pp. 99-119
Author(s):  
Gino Sturla Zerene ◽  
Ramón E. López ◽  
Eugenio Figueroa B. ◽  
Simón Accorsi O.
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Copper Mining

The Development of Preconcentration Technology in Low-Grade Magnetite’s Beneficiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 324-327
Author(s):  
Chun Hong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Steel Industry ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Separation Technology ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
Dry Magnetic Separation ◽  
Production Practices

Exhaustion of high-grade magnetite resources and large demand for iron ore in the rapidly developing steel industry promotes the mining enterprises to exploit low-grade magnetite. Low-grade magnetite with a low content of valuable minerals is hard to be separated with the conventional separation process flow because of its high beneficiation costs. By preconcentration technology, enriching valuable minerals and discarding large amounts of gangue as soon as possible before grinding, low beneficiation costs can be achieved in low-grade magnetite’s beneficiation. After continuous researches and production practices and the development of relevant efficient crushing and separating equipments, preconcentration technology has made great progress: from crushing-dry magnetic separation technology to grinding-wet magnetic separation technology, then to ultrafine crushing-wet magnetic separation technology. Now preconcentration has become an indispensable stage in low-grade magnetite’s beneficiation.

Application of Super Conducting High Gradient Magnetic Separation Technology on Resource Utilization of Low Grade Iron Ore

2014 ◽  
Vol 968 ◽  
pp. 168-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Tao Wen ◽  
Su Qin Li ◽  
Chang Quan Zhang ◽  
Wei Wei
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Steel Industry ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Magnetic Separator ◽  
High Gradient Magnetic Separation ◽  
High Gradient ◽  
Separation Technology ◽  
Super Conducting

Nowadays, steel industry develops rapidly. However, lots of iron ore needed by China’s steel industry are imported from abroad. China’s dependence on foreign iron ore exceeds 70%. As a result, not only have large amounts of foreign currencies been spent but also a potential threat has been posed to the economic development of our country. Therefore, it is necessary for China to serve its economic production with lots of low grade iron ore. Since traditional beneficiation methods can cause serious environmental problems, High gradient magnetic separation(HGMS) is discussed in this paper. It can recycle tailings when disposing of low grade iron ore as well as solve the environmental problems caused by tailings and arising during the production process. Besides, high gradient magnetic separator can also raise the processing efficiency of low grade iron core. Therefore, high-gradient magnetic separation can not only increase economic returns but also protect ecological environment. With the maturity of super-conduction high gradient magnetic separation technology, super-conducting high gradient magnetic separation will produce better production effects.

Coal mining-disturbed land reclamation laws

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
T. V. Galanina ◽  
M. I. Baumgarten ◽  
T. G. Koroleva
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Disturbed Land ◽  
Critical Problems ◽  
Production Output

Large-scale mining disturbs wide areas of land. The development program for the mining industry, with an expected considerable increase in production output, aggravates the problem with even vaster territories exposed to the adverse anthropogenic impact. Recovery of mining-induced ecosystems in the mineral-extracting regions becomes the top priority objective. There are many restoration mechanisms, and they should be used in integration and be highly technologically intensive as the environmental impact is many-sided. This involves pollution of water, generation of much waste and soil disturbance which is the most typical of open pit mining. Scale disturbance of land, withdrawal of farming land, land pollution and littering are critical problems to the solved in the first place. One of the way outs is highquality reclamation. This article reviews the effective rules and regulations on reclamation. The mechanism is proposed for the legal control of disturbed land reclamation on a regional and federal level. Highly technologically intensive recovery of mining-induced landscape will be backed up by the natural environment restoration strategy proposed in the Disturbed Land Reclamation Concept.

Cost- und Monitoring-Projekt: Zwei neue forstliche Meinungsumfragen im Vergleich | The Cost- and Monitoring-Projects: A Comparison of Two New Forestry Opinion Polls

2000 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Wild-Eck ◽  
Willi Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Forest Economics ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Swiss Confederation ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Opinion Polls

Two large-scale surveys looking at attitudes towards forests, forestry and forest policy in the second half ofthe nineties have been carried out. This work was done on behalf of the Swiss Confederation by the Chair of Forest Policy and Forest Economics of the Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich. Not only did the two studies use very different methods, but the results also varied greatly as far as infrastructure and basic conditions were concerned. One of the main differences between the two studies was the fact that the first dealt only with mountainous areas, whereas the second was carried out on the whole Swiss population. The results of the studies reflect these differences:each produced its own specific findings. Where the same (or similar) questions were asked, the answers highlight not only how the attitudes of those questioned differ, but also views that they hold in common. Both surveys showed positive attitudes towards forests in general, as well as a deep-seated appreciation ofthe forest as a recreational area, and a positive approach to tending. Detailed results of the two surveys will be available in the near future.

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