Escherichia coli O157: H7: Overview of Clinical and Epidemiological Issues

1994 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 632-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHILLIP I. TARR
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an important and common human pathogen which causes diarrhea, bloody diarrhea (hemorrhagic colitis) and the life threatening post-diarrheal disorder, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Escherichia coli O157:H7 produces one or two potent cytotoxins, designated Shiga-like toxins (or verocytotoxins) I and II. While additional serotypes of cytotoxin-producing E. coli may cause human disease, E. coli O157:H7 is the most important such enteric pathogen in the United States. Epidemiologic data suggest that the incidence of hemolytic uremic syndrome is probably increasing. Until data emerge from controlled studies, conservative management of infected patients remains the mainstay of therapy, rather than specific antibacterial or antitoxin therapy. The serious nature of illness caused by E. coli O157:H7 should make prevention of human infection with this pathogen a high priority for the food industry.

How Does Escherichia coli O157:H7 Testing in Meat Compare with What We Are Seeing Clinically?

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 819-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID W. K. ACHESON
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
The United States ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Current Policy ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is but one of a group of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) that cause both intestinal disease such as bloody and nonbloody diarrhea and serious complications like hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). While E. coli O157: H7 is the most renowned STEC, over 200 different types of STEC have been documented in meat and animals, at least 60 of which have been linked with human disease. A number of studies have suggested that non-O157 STEC are associated with clinical disease, and non-O157 STEC are present in the food supply. Non-O157 STEC, such as O111 have caused large outbreaks and HUS in the United States and other countries. The current policy in the United States is to examine ground beef for O157:H7 only, but restricting the focus to O157 will miss other important human STEC pathogens.

Escherichia coli O157:H7: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Methods for Detection in Food

1992 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 555-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
NISHA V. PADHYE ◽  
MICHAEL P. DOYLE
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is now recognized as an important human pathogen. Illnesses caused by E. coli O157:H7 infection can range from self-limited, watery diarrhea to life-threatening manifestations such as hemolytic uremic syndrome or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. The mode of transmission is primarily through food; however, person-to-person transmission also has been identified in some day-care center and nursing home out-breaks. Studies to date indicate that cattle are an important reservoir of the organism. Although adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells and verotoxins are considered important virulence factors in the pathogenesis of the organism, more research is are necessary to determine the exact mechanism of pathogenicity. There is need for a rapid diagnostic test for the detection of E. coli O157:H7 in food and in clinical samples. Several useful research reagents have been developed for detecting E. coli O157:H7; however, they must be applied to a procedure that is specific, sensitive, rapid, easy to use, and commercially available so that microbiological laboratories can readily use them.

scholarly journals Identifikasi Bakteri Escherichia coli O157:H7 dalam Daging Sapi yang Berasal dari Rumah Potong Hewan Lubuk Buaya

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizki Muhammad Rananda ◽  
Aziz Djamal ◽  
Julizar Julizar
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
Bowel Necrosis ◽  
Slaughter House ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Cooked Meat

AbstrakEscherichia coli O157:H7 adalah penyebab penting foodborne disease di banyak negara. Infeksi pada manusia oleh bakteri Escherichia coli O157:H7 sering dihubungkan dengan konsumsi daging sapi yang kurang matang dan dapat menyebabkan diare berdarah, nekrosis jaringan usus, hemorraghic colitis (HC) dan hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengidentifikasi bakteri Escherichia coli O157:H7 dalam daging sapi yang dipotong di RPH Lubuk Buaya. Penelitian deskriptif ini telah dilaksanakan dari  Januari 2012 sampai Juni 2012. Untuk mengidentifikasi bakteri Escherichia coli O157:H7 digunakan medium CHROMagar O157. Tujuh dari sepuluh sampel yang diteliti menunjukkan kontaminasi bakteri Escherichia coli O157:H7. Disarankan pada masyarakat untuk memakan daging yang telah dimasak sampai benar-benar matang.Kata kunci: Escherichia coli O157:H7, daging sapi, rumah potong hewan AbstractEscherichia coli O157:H7 is an important cause of foodborne disease in many countries. Human infection by Escherichia coli O157:H7 is frequently associated with consumption of undercooked beef. This infection can cause bloody diarrhea, bowel necrosis, hemorraghic colitis (HC), and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). The objective of this study was to identify Escherichia coli O157:H7 in beef cattle at Lubuk Buaya slaughter house.  This descriptive study was conducted at Lubuk Buaya slaughter house.  For identification of  Escherichia coli O157:H7, samples were plated onto CHROMagar O157. Seven of ten samples were positively contaminated by Escherichia coli O157:H7. This research suggests to all community only to eat well-cooked meat. Keywords: Escherichia coli O157:H7, beef cattle, slaughter house

Escherichia coli O157:H7 as the Predominant Pathogen Associated With the Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: A Prospective Study in the Pacific Northwest

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Marguerite A. Neill ◽  
Phillip I. Tarr ◽  
Carla R. Clausen ◽  
Dennis L. Christie ◽  
Robert O. Hickman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Enteric Pathogens ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
A Prospective Study

During a 12-month period, 14 patients with the hemolytic uremic syndrome were identified in a prospective study of enteric pathogens associated with this disorder. Of the 12 patients with a diarrheal illness preceding the onset of hemolytic uremic syndrome, fecal Escherichia coli O157:H7 was detected in seven (58%), all of whom had bloody diarrhea. Half of the siblings of these patients had concurrent nonbloody diarrhea. No source for infection with this organism was identified. Enteric infection with E coli O157:H7 occurs in the majority of cases of hemolytic uremic syndrome following diarrheal illness in the Pacific Northwest and may represent a previously overlooked cause of hemolytic uremic syndrome in other locales. Evaluation of all cases of hemolytic uremic syndrome for enteric pathogens should routinely include cultures for E coli O157:H7 until results of additional studies clarify the distribution of agents associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome in different geographic regions. These findings may provide new opportunities for the design of therapeutic and preventive strategies in this disorder.

Transmission of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to Internal Tissues and Its Survival on Flowering Heads of Wheat

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 518-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
BISMARCK MARTINEZ ◽  
JAYNE STRATTON ◽  
ANDRÉIA BIANCHINI ◽  
STEPHEN WEGULO ◽  
GLEN WEAVER
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Contamination Source ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Fourth Experiment

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a human pathogen that can cause bloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome. E. coli O157:H7 illnesses are mainly associated with undercooked beef; however, in recent years, outbreaks have been linked to fresh produce, such as spinach, lettuce, and sprouts. In 2009, flour was implicated as the contamination source in an outbreak involving consumption of raw cookie dough that resulted in 77 illnesses. The objectives of this research were to determine (i) whether E. coli O157:H7 could be translocated into the internal tissues of wheat (Triticum aestivum) seedlings from contaminated seed, soil, or irrigation water and (ii) whether the bacterium could survive on flowering wheat heads. The levels of contamination of kanamycin-resistant E. coli O157:H7 strains in seed, soil, and irrigation water were 6.88 log CFU/g, 6.60 log CFU/g, and 6.76 log CFU/ml, respectively. One hundred plants per treatment were sown in pot trays with 50 g of autoclaved soil or purposely contaminated soil, watered every day with 5 ml of water, and harvested 9 days postinoculation. In a fourth experiment, flowering wheat heads were spray inoculated with water containing 4.19 log CFU/ml E. coli O157:H7 and analyzed for survival after 15 days, near the harvest period. To detect low levels of internalization, enrichment procedures were performed and Biotecon real-time PCR detection assays were used to determine the presence of E. coli O157:H7 in the wheat, using a Roche Applied Science LightCycler 2.0 instrument. The results showed that internalization was possible using contaminated seed, soil, and irrigation water in wheat seedlings, with internalization rates of 2, 5, and 10%, respectively. Even though the rates were low, to our knowledge this is the first study to demonstrate the ability of this strain to reach the phylloplane in wheat. In the head contamination experiment, all samples tested positive, showing the ability of E. coli O157:H7 to survive on the wheat head.

High-Throughput Small Molecule Screening Reveals Structurally Diverse Compounds That Inhibit the Growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7 In Vitro

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 2148-2156
Author(s):  
J. C. CHEN ◽  
B. A. CARLSON ◽  
J. N. SOFOS ◽  
G. C. SMITH ◽  
K. E. BELK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Human Food ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Inhibitory Compounds ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Escherichia coli O157:H7 colonizes the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants asymptomatically and may enter the human food supply through fecal contamination. A fraction of individuals infected by E. coli O157:H7 develop hemolytic uremic syndrome, a life-threatening condition. When individuals infected by E. coli O157:H7 are treated with certain antibiotics, an increased incidence of hemolytic uremic syndrome may result. This finding supports the need to identify novel compounds that can either reduce the load of E. coli O157:H7 entering the human food supply or serve as alternative therapeutic treatments for infected individuals. We developed a high-throughput turbidometric assay to identify novel compounds that inhibit E. coli O157:H7 growth. Pin transfers were performed to introduce small molecule libraries into 384-well plates, where each well contained approximately 5.0 log CFU of E. coli O157:H7. Plates were incubated at 37°C for 18 h, and the optical density was measured to determine the effect of each small molecule. A total of 64,562 compounds were screened in duplicate, and 43 unique compounds inhibited E. coli O157:H7 growth. Thirty-eight of the 43 inhibitory compounds belonged to known bioactive libraries, and the other 5 compounds were from commercial libraries derived from splitting and pooling. Inhibitory compounds from known bioactive libraries were most frequently therapeutic antibiotics (n = 34) but also included an antiviral compound, a compound that disrupts the citric acid cycle, and two biguanide compounds, which have been used for various nonclinical applications. We identified two novel compounds (i.e., biguanides) that should be studied further for their ability to reduce pathogen populations in foods.

scholarly journals Serogroup-Specific Bacterial Engineered Glycoproteins as Novel Antigenic Targets for Diagnosis of Shiga Toxin-Producing-Escherichia coli-Associated Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 528-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano J. Melli ◽  
Andrés E. Ciocchini ◽  
Ana J. Caillava ◽  
Nicolás Vozza ◽  
Isabel Chinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Stool Culture ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Human infection with Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli(STEC) is a major cause of postdiarrheal hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), a life-threatening condition characterized by hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure.E. coliO157:H7 is the dominant STEC serotype associated with HUS worldwide, although non-O157 STEC serogroups can cause a similar disease. The detection of anti-O157E. colilipopolysaccharide (LPS) antibodies in combination with stool culture and detection of free fecal Shiga toxin considerably improves the diagnosis of STEC infections. In the present study, we exploited a bacterial glycoengineering technology to develop recombinant glycoproteins consisting of the O157, O145, or O121 polysaccharide attached to a carrier protein as serogroup-specific antigens for the serological diagnosis of STEC-associated HUS. Our results demonstrate that using these antigens in indirect ELISAs (glyco-iELISAs), it is possible to clearly discriminate between STEC O157-, O145-, and O121-infected patients and healthy children, as well as to confirm the diagnosis in HUS patients for whom the classical diagnostic procedures failed. Interestingly, a specific IgM response was detected in almost all the analyzed samples, indicating that it is possible to detect the infection in the early stages of the disease. Additionally, in all the culture-positive HUS patients, the serotype identified by glyco-iELISAs was in accordance with the serotype of the isolated strain, indicating that these antigens are valuable not only for diagnosing HUS caused by the O157, O145, and O121 serogroups but also for serotyping and guiding the subsequent steps to confirm diagnosis.

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