Acaricidal and Insecticidal Activities of Essential Oils against a Stored-Food Mite and Stored-Grain Insects

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA-EUN SONG ◽  
JEONG-MOON KIM ◽  
NA-HYUN LEE ◽  
JI-YEON YANG ◽  
HOI-SEON LEE
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Plant Oils ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Contact Bioassay ◽  
Stored Grain Insects ◽  
Insecticidal Activities

ABSTRACT Twenty plant-derived oils were evaluated for their acaricidal and insecticidal activities against Sitotroga cerealella, Sitophilus oryzae, Sitophilus zeamais, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae adults, by using the fumigant and filter paper diffusion methods. Responses varied with bioassay systems, insect or mite species, plant oils, and exposure time. Based on the 50% lethal dose (LD50) values against S. oryzae and S. zeamais in the fumigant bioassay, Anethum graveolens oil (4.12 and 1.12 μg/cm3, respectively) induced the highest mortality, followed by Achillea millefolium (21.92 and 14.91 μg/cm3) and Eucalyptus dives (28.02 and 24.02 μg/cm3) oils, respectively. The most toxic oil based on the 50% lethal concentration values against T. putrescentiae was E. dives (3.13 μg/cm3), followed by Melaleuca leucadendron (3.93 μg/cm3) and Leptospermum pertersonii (4.41 μg/cm3). Neroli birgard oil (1.70 μg/cm3) was the most toxic based on the LD50 values against S. cerealella, followed by Citrus aurantium (1.80 μg/cm3) and Artemisia vulgaris (1.81 μg/cm3). The insecticidal and acaricidal activities of the plant oils in the filter paper diffusion bioassay were similar to those in the fumigant bioassay. In comparison, A. millefolium, A. graveolens, and E. dives oils were more effective against S. oryzae and S. zeamais in the fumigant bioassay than in the contact bioassay. These results indicate that the insecticidal activity of the three plant oils against S. oryzae and S. zeamais may be due to their fumigant action. Acaricidal activities of the A. millefolium, A. graveolens, and E. dives oils against T. putrescentiae were 2.62, 1.11, and 122 times higher than that of benzyl benzoate in the contact bioassay. These results indicate that A. millefolium, A. graveolens, and E. dives oils have potential for development as agents to control stored-grain insects and mites.

Control of Main Stored-Grain Insects with New Formulations of Entomopathogenic Fungi in Diatomaceous Earth Dusts

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yacoub Ahmad Batta
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Diatomaceous Earth ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
High Loss ◽  
Mortality Percentage ◽  
Stored Grain Insects

The present research is aimed at a formulation of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana (Bal.) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metch.) Sorokin, in two types of diatomaceous earth dusts, fossil shield and Silico-Sec, are then applied against the adults of three species of stored-grain insects: Sitophilus oryzae L., Rhyzopertha dominica Fab. and Tribolium castaneum Herbs. Effect of the treatment was assessed by comparing the mortality percentage of the adults of the three insect species exposed to the formulated fungi with that of the adults exposed to the unformulated fungi or the diatomaceous earth dusts or the undisturbed control. Results obtained from these exposures have indicated that treatment of the adults with the formulated fungi resulted in a significantly higher mean mortality percentage compared to the treatment with the unformulated fungi or the diatomaceous earth dusts or the undisturbed control. A synergistic interaction between the effect of fungal species and the diatomaceous earth dusts was shown. Viability of conidia of both fungal species in diatomaceous earth dusts was assessed by calculating the germination percentage of the conidia over time. Results indicated a small loss of mean germination percentage for formulated conidia of both fungal species versus a high loss of mean germination percentage for the unformulated conidia, thus the diatomaceous earth dusts used in the formulation of both fungi demonstrated a negligible effect on the viability of formulated conidia compared to the unformulated.

scholarly journals Preparation, Characterization and Biological Efficacy of Eucalyptus Oil Nanoemulsion against the Stored Grain Insects

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Tahany G. M. Mohammed ◽  
M. E. H. Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Spontaneous Emulsification ◽  
Eucalyptus Oil ◽  
Rhizopertha Dominica ◽  
Stored Grain Insects

Nanotechnology has enormous potential for developing alternative pest control strategies and reducing the risk of insecticide molecules. The present study aimed to develop a stable nanoemulsion (NE) of eucalyptus oil (EO) by the spontaneous emulsification method and evaluate its insecticidal and repellent effect against Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Rhizopertha dominica (F.) and Tribolium-castaneum (Herbst.). The prepared nanoemulsion formulation having a small particle size 8.57 nm with polydispersity index (PDI) 0.28. The study of the stability and physicochemical properties showed that the prepared formulation had good physical stability without any change in the macroscopic parameters. In addition, results showed that theinsecticidal activity of the prepared NE was higher than the original EO against the three tested insect speciesand the mortality increased with increasing concentrations and extending of exposure time. The contact toxicity of NE film revealed that, adults of R. dominica was more susceptible to all treatments followed by S. oryzae adults, while adults of T. castaneum was the least susceptible one, however, adults of S. oryzae was more susceptible followed by T. castaneum adults while, adults of                    R. dominica was the least susceptible one according to the fumigant toxicity and repellency. Our results suggested that the prepared formulation may be used in an integrated pest managementprogramfor controlling stored grain insects.

scholarly journals The Effect of Plant Oils for Reducing Contamination of Stored Packaged-Foodstuffs

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somaye Allahvaisi ◽  
Mostafa Maroufpoor ◽  
Arman Abdolmaleki ◽  
Saied-Ali Hoseini ◽  
Somaye Ghasemzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Oils ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Food Protection ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Stored Product Pests ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Product Protection ◽  
Stored Grain Insects

The Effect of Plant Oils for Reducing Contamination of Stored Packaged-FoodstuffsA study to determine the effect of essential oils, used together with mixed packaging, on controlling stored-grain insects, was conducted in the laboratory. Plant essential oils are one of the materials that act like a contact-fumigant, offering the prospect for use in stored product protection. Plant essential oils must have the ability to repel the insects in order to prevent penetration to foodstuffs. The objective of the present study was to test the properties ofCinnamomum camphoraandSyzygium aromaticumfor preventing the penetration of pest insects, including:Sitotroga cerealellaandEphestia kuehniella5th instar larvae to packaged cereals. Ten grams of wheat and flour as foodstuffs were placed inside Cellophane packages and hung vertically in the top of a container. The repellent essential oils were used in the interior surface of containers. Each container had punctures at different parts and the insects were released around the container to determine insect penetration and the effect of the repellents. The experiments were conducted at 26±1°C, 60±5% RH in dark conditions. The highest concentration was 1.5 μl of essential oil per 0.5 ml acetone. Four days after the initiation of the experiment the results showedS. aromaticumhad more of a repellency effect thanC. camphoraon both pests that caused contamination deduction inside the packaged foodstuffs compared with the control. However, both the essential oils were effective as protectants of cereals butS. aromaticumwas more effective.S. aromaticumcaused the most repellency onE. kuehniella.The mean of repellency of all the concentrations was 81.4%. The results demonstrated the efficacy of these essential oils for use in organic food protection.C. camphoraandS. aromaticumcan prevent warehouse infestation of stored-product pests.

Knockdown-Mortality Responses of Six Stored-Product Beetle Species on Different Surfaces Treated With Thiamethoxam, Using a Standardized Lethality Index

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fotoula K Tsaganou ◽  
Thomas N Vassilakos ◽  
Christos G Athanassiou
Keyword(s):  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Galvanized Steel ◽  
Cryptolestes Ferrugineus ◽  
Oryzaephilus Surinamensis ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Plastic Surfaces ◽  
Adult Exposure ◽  
Stored Grain Insects ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Abstract Bioassays were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of thiamethoxam in different surfaces, against six stored-grain insects, Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae), and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Six different surfaces (concrete, plywood, galvanized steel, linen, plastic, and ceramic tile) treated with thiamethoxam at 0.05 and 0.1 mg/cm2 were used as substrate for adult exposure. Knockdown was recorded after 1, 3, and 7 d of exposure to the treated surface, in order to calculate a Standardized Lethality Index (SLI). Knockdown counts were ranked from ‘0’ to ‘4’, with ‘0’ representing adult insects ‘moved generally’ and ‘4’ representing dead insects. Based on the results, insect knockdown seems leading to mortality than to recovery and the SLI ranking of the target species according to their susceptibility to thiamethoxam showed that S. granarius being more susceptible and decreasing susceptibility in an order of S. oryzae > T. castaneum ≥ O. surinamenis ≥ C. ferrugineus ≥ T. confusum. In general, among the surfaces, thiamethoxam efficacy was lower on linen, wooden, and concrete surfaces, as compared to metallic and plastic surfaces. Nevertheless, at the end of 7-d exposure, all surfaces equally affected thiamethoxam toxicity.

Insect Growth Regulators: Some Effects of Methoprene and Hydroprene on Productivity of Several Stored Grain Insects.

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
TG Amos ◽  
P Williams
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Insect Growth Regulators ◽  
Insect Growth ◽  
Stored Grain Insects

The effects of two insect growth regulators on the productivity of Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae and S. granarius were studied by exposing insects to wheat treated with methoprene (isopropyl 11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate) or hydroprene (ethyl 3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate) at concentrations of 1, 5, 10 and 20 ppm. Parental adult mortality was generally higher on wheat treated with methoprene than with hydroprene, and this effect was usually enhanced under unventilated conditions. The productivity of the three species was markedly reduced, in some instances suppressed, under unventilated conditions, whereas only R. dominica productivity was depressed under ventilated conditions. When progeny were produced, their productivity was, in general, lower than normal.

Study of the Vibration Screening for Image Recognition of the Stored-Grain Insects

2013 ◽  
Vol 347-350 ◽  
pp. 3302-3306
Author(s):  
Hong Tao Zhang ◽  
Heng Yuan Zhang ◽  
Yu Xia Hu
Keyword(s):  
Image Recognition ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Main Structure ◽  
Screening Unit ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Full Factorial ◽  
Best Parameters ◽  
Stored Grain Insects

The automatic vibration screening of the insects is the important part in the image recognition of the stored-grain insects. A screening detection device of the stored-grain insects was developed to analyze the vibration screening properties of Coleopteran insects. The main structure of the device included a vibration screening unit, a dust removal unit of the grain insects, a binocular machine vision unit and an automatic transporting unit. The adults of Sitophilus Oryzae were taken as the screening objects. Full factorial design was used in order to find out the better vibration screening parameters. Then orthogonal experiment was designed to optimize the screening parameters further, and distinguish between the primary factors and the secondary factors. The optimal vibration screening parameters of the detection device for the stored-grain insects were determined by a series of experiments. The best parameters were that the amplitude of the vibration sieve was 3.5 mm, the vibrating direction angle was 30oand the crank plate speed was 600r/min.

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