Exploring the perceptions of advanced practitioner radiographers at a single breast screening unit in extending their role from delivering benign to malignant biopsy results; a preliminary study

Objective: The study aims to explore the perceptions of advanced practice radiographers (APRs) currently giving benign biopsy results to extend their role to deliver NHS Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP) malignant outcomes. In the UK, APRs are appropriately trained to deliver results, yet traditionally have been cultured not to. Increasing pressures on NHSBSP units are a key driver for APR evolvement. A significant lack of published research provides the rationale for the study, combined with an identified service need. Methods: Following ethical approval, a grounded theory design was applied to interview six APRs individually in a single breast screening unit. Extracted themes were considered during a subsequent focus group. Results: Five core themes identified; (i) role of the APR, (ii) patient experience, (iii) efficiency, (iv) role boundaries, and (v) delivering results. The findings indicate the ambiguity of radiographers delivering results within their profession, outlining the potential impact on themselves and patients. Mammography APRs are skilled to deliver results, and whilst enforced barriers may restrict extension a supportive environment can overcome these. Additional training is necessary to implement the role in the screening service. Conclusion: Identified within their scope of practice; APRs have the ability with appropriate training and peer support to effectively deliver results with a patient-centred approach. Advances in knowledge: This study has identified important enabling factors and challenges concerning role extension in the delivery of breast biopsy results. The apparent suitability of APRs to communicate results may address breast service pressures, with benefit to patients and the radiology profession.

RESEARCH OF THE ORGANIZATION OF PRE-FLIGHT INSPECTION AND HARDWARE COMPLEXES FOR ENSURING SECURITY AT THE AIRPORT

The article presents the research of the organization of pre-flight inspection at the airport, presents hardware systems and analytical information on processing passenger traffic. On the basis of hardware inspection complexes, a comparison of their performance is presented and issues of the quality of their work are considered. A block diagram of the movement of passengers in the terminal using both domestic and international air lines is presented, analytics on passenger traffic by months are provided, experimental information on measuring the number of hand luggage and baggage items that have passed through one security screening unit at the airport is presented. Particular attention is paid to the study of hardware systems for screening passengers, since security at the airport will directly depend on their performance. Key words: airport, inspection equipment, passenger traffic, passenger safety.

Effects of elective cesarean sections on perinatal outcomes and care practices

Objectives: to verify the effects of elective cesarean sections on perinatal outcomes and care practices, as compared to vaginal deliveries. Methods: cohort study with 591 mothers and their babies, developed in a medium-sized city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected from hospital records and by interviews at the neonatal screening unit in the city from July 2015 to February 2016. Data regarding childbirth, newborns, sociodemography, and current gestational history were obtained from each mother. The associations of interest were evaluated with Cox regression analyses adjusted for the covariates identified through the results of bivariate analyses presenting a statistical significance level ofp<0.20. In adjusted analyzes, relationships were considered significant ifp<0.05, with relative risk being considered as the measure of effect. Results: if compared to women who had vaginal deliveries, those who were submitted to elective cesarean sections were at a higher risk of not having skin-to-skin contact with their babies in the delivery room, of not breastfeeding in the first hour of life, and of having their babies hospitalized in a neonatal unit. Conclusions: reducing the number of elective cesarean sections is essential to foster good neonatal care practices and reduce negative neonatal outcomes.