Decolonization in African Politics: The Opening Phase

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-35
Author(s):  
Bassey E. Ate
Keyword(s):  
African Politics ◽  
Opening Phase

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 restriction measures on loneliness among older adults in Austria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Stolz ◽  
Hannes Mayerl ◽  
Wolfgang Freidl
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Opening Phase

Abstract Background To halt the spread of COVID-19, Austria implemented a 7-week ’lockdown’ in March/April 2020. We assess whether the ensuing reduction in social contacts led to increased loneliness among older adults (60+). Methods Three analyses were conducted: (1) A comparison between pre-pandemic (SHARE: 2013-2017) and pandemic (May 2020) levels of loneliness (UCLA-3 scale), (2) an assessment of the cross-sectional correlation between being affected by COVID-19 restriction measures and loneliness (May 2020), and (3) a longitudinal analysis of weekly changes (March-June 2020) in loneliness (Corona panel). Results We found (1) increased loneliness in 2020 compared with previous years, (2) a moderate positive association between the number of restriction measures older adults were affected from and their loneliness, and (3) that loneliness was higher during ’lockdown’ compared to the subsequent re-opening phase, particularly among those who live alone. Conclusion We provide evidence that COVID-19 restriction measures in Austria have indeed resulted in increased levels of loneliness among older adults. However, these effects seem to be short-lived, and thus no strong negative consequences for older adults’ mental health are expected. Nonetheless, the effects on loneliness, and subsequent mental health issues, might be both more long-lasting and severe if future restriction measures are enacted repeatedly and/or over longer time periods.

An Experimental Investigation of Flow-Induced Cavity Resonance

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Zoccola ◽  
Theodore M. Farabee
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Cavity Resonance ◽  
Cavity Pressure ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Cavity Opening ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Marine Applications ◽  
Opening Phase

Abstract Excitation of cavity resonance by flow over an aperture is often a source of unwanted noise in aerospace, automotive, and marine applications. An experimental investigation of this phenomenon was conducted. Detailed measurements of the cavity pressure and the velocity field in the opening were performed in a quiet flow facility. Spectral data on cavity pressure fluctuations obtained for a variety of configurations were analyzed over a range of speeds to determine the behavior of both sheartones and cavity tones during non-resonant and resonant conditions. The mean and fluctuating velocity profiles as well as the cross-spectral properties between the velocity components and cavity pressure were also obtained within the cavity opening. Phase between the velocity components and the pressure was used to calculate the streamwise convection velocities across the opening. A novel technique used to measure vorticity allowed calculation of the measured energy production in the opening. The data support the finding that the resonant and non-resonant conditions are distinguished by the behavior of the convection velocity and by the distribution of energy production in the flow field.

scholarly journals The anthochron as a building block of flower development

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 899-904
Author(s):  
Nereu Augusto Streck ◽  
Natalia Teixeira Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Building Block ◽  
Flower Development ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Opening Phase

Abstract: Plant vegetative development has been widely described using the phyllochron concept, but little effort has been made to describe flower development during the reproductive phase. The objective of this work was to present the anthochron, through a review of the literature, as a building block of flower development, mainly during the flower opening phase. The anthochron is the time interval needed for two subsequent flowers to achieve the same developmental stage, with units of time in days or in ºC day per flower. The concept of anthochron fulfills part of the lack of studies on flower development, since it is considered a building block of the flower opening process. The anthochron can be measured from field experiments or estimated by a simple linear regression analysis. So far, the anthochron has only been quantified in Gladiolus x grandiflorus Hort. Therefore, factors affecting the anthochron still need to be determined in order to pinpoint their effect on the flower opening rate.

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