Copyright Responsibilities: Maintenance of Software Owned by International Development Organizations

Elections that take place regularly and provide for the orderly transition of power from one elected government to another are the cornerstone of democratic governance and political stability. During 2020–2021, the Covid-19 pandemic profoundly affected the conduct and integrity of elections worldwide. This paper notes a decline in clean elections across both democratic and non-democratic (hybrid and authoritarian) regimes that has been exacerbated by the pandemic. At the same time, there are important cases of electoral resilience displayed by democratic institutions and civil society. The paper offers policy recommendations for national governments, parliaments, electoral management bodies and international development organizations, and makes forward-looking conclusions.

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Redefining Silk Roads

Social Entrepreneurship and Enterprises in Economic and Social Development ◽

10.1093/oso/9780197518298.003.0010 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 185-198

Author(s):

Jildyz Urbaeva

Keyword(s):

International Development ◽

Collective Efficacy ◽

Social Entrepreneurship ◽

Capital Investments ◽

Development Organizations ◽

Central Asian ◽

Central Asian Countries ◽

Psychosocial Benefits ◽

Improve Access

In this chapter on “Redefining Silk Roads: Social Businesses and Crafts as Approaches for Improving Women’s Situations in Central Asia,” the authors show how social entrepreneurship is only starting to evolve in Central Asian countries. Women experience multiple barriers to starting and carrying out social businesses successfully: a lack of capital, underdeveloped policies, and limited access to markets within the region and beyond. Despite these significant challenges, there are factors suggesting strong potential for success in the long term, such as local expertise and skills, access to training, and the support of international development organizations. Projects that have been implemented previously suggest the need for intermediary organizations that can increase access to global markets, advocate on behalf of social businesses, and improve access to capital investments. Improving social entrepreneurship models in the region will have not only financial and social gains for women and their communities; importantly, these models can provide psychosocial benefits as well, such as increasing women’s autonomy within the household and their ability for collective efficacy.

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Part IV Activities of Organizations, Ch.19 Development

The Oxford Handbook of International Organizations ◽

10.1093/law/9780199672202.003.0019 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Malone David M ◽

Medhora Rohinton P

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

International Development ◽

Financial Stability ◽

Transitional Stage ◽

Poor Countries ◽

Development Organizations ◽

Post War ◽

Regional Development Banks ◽

Global Economic Governance ◽

Change Mitigation

This chapter develops the hypothesis that the ‘golden age’ of international development organizations may be coming to a close, in part perhaps as victims of their own success. Even if they do not disappear, a recasting away from traditional poverty alleviation in poor countries to provision of global public goods (financial stability, climate change mitigation, and more controversially, security) is likely to accelerate. The chapter is organized as follows. Section 2 discusses the results of the immediate post-war period, in particular the Bretton Woods organizations, the UN system, and the regional development banks. Section 3 considers the parallel emergence of the foundations, the large NGOs with a global reach, and the more recent ancillaries to the established official organizations, such as the vertical funds and trust funds. Section 4 examines a constellation of international developmental actors, highlighting the transition that each sub-group within it is undergoing. Section 5 concludes that the prognosis for organizations caught in this transitional stage in global economic governance is uncertain. The challenge will be for the global community to craft what the 2013 Human Development Report calls ‘coherent pluralism’.

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Hyper Connectivity as a Tool for the Development of the Majority

International Journal of Hyperconnectivity and the Internet of Things ◽

10.4018/ijhiot.2021010104 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 63-77

Author(s):

Danilo Piaggesi

Keyword(s):

Private Sector ◽

International Development ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Technology Policy ◽

Role Of Government ◽

Wireless Applications ◽

Development Organizations ◽

Ict Infrastructure ◽

Commercial Applications ◽

The Cost

This paper explores wireless hyper connectivity and its associated costs—including ICT infrastructure—in their impact on health, education, government, and commercial applications. It analyzes the cost-effectiveness of wireless provision of access and services in underserved (especially rural) areas, examining applications around the world. A snapshot of private sector activity in Latin America and the Caribbean is presented along with government and international development organizations' efforts to promote wireless technologies in development projects. Attention is given to the policy barriers preventing the private sector from developing these technologies in the context of underserved markets, the role of government in providing universal service, and issues of spectrum allocation. Finally, recommendations are proposed for the future of multilateral development banks (MDBs) involvement in the area of wireless applications and wireless technology policy as tools for the development of emerging economies.

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When Reporting Undermines Performance: The Costs of Politically Constrained Organizational Autonomy in Foreign Aid Implementation

International Organization ◽

10.1017/s002081831800036x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 171-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Dan Honig

Keyword(s):

Foreign Aid ◽

International Development ◽

Management Control ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Improve Performance ◽

Development Organizations ◽

Unpredictable Environments ◽

Organizational Autonomy ◽

Field Workers ◽

Executive Boards

AbstractBureaucracies with field operations that cannot be easily supervised and monitored by managers are caught between two sources of dysfunction that may harm performance. The first source of dysfunction is straightforward: field workers can use operating slack and asymmetric information to their own advantage, thwarting an organization's objectives. The second source of dysfunction is often overlooked: attempts to limit workers’ autonomy may have deleterious effects, curbing agents’ ability to respond efficaciously to the environment. I find that the parliaments and executive boards to whom International Development Organizations (IDOs) are accountable differentially constrain IDO organizational autonomy, which in turn affects management's control of field agents. Tight management control of field agents has negative effects, particularly in more unpredictable environments. Attempts by politicians to constrain organizations in an effort to improve performance can sometimes be self-undermining, having net effects opposite those intended.

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Innovations in Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment

10.5771/9783748924951 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

International Development ◽

Gender Equality ◽

Women's Empowerment ◽

Women’S Empowerment ◽

Unique Role ◽

Partner Organization ◽

Development Organizations ◽

Transnational Actors ◽

Promote Gender Equality ◽

The Impact

Many studies have highlighted benefits of international volunteering, particularly the positive impacts for the volunteers themselves. Adding to this scholarship, the papers in the collection fill an important gap in our understanding of the impact of international development volunteering from the perspective of partner organization staff who work collaboratively with international development volunteers to promote gender equality and women’s empowerment. The collection provides insights into negotiated spaces and mutual learning as well as the unique role international development volunteers play as transnational actors by working closely with staff in development organizations. With contributions by Tiffany Laursen, Benjamin Lough, Tabitha Mirza, Rika Mpogazi, Lan Nguyen, Nnenna Okoli, Leva Rouhani, Khursheed Sadat, Somed Shahadu Bitamsimli, Pascale Saint-Denis und Rebecca Tiessen.

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