Social Entrepreneurship and Systems Thinking about Mental Illness in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Sean A. Kidd ◽  
Kwame McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Related Health Service Provider with Mental Health during Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T2) ◽  
pp. 188-191
Author(s):  
Nurul Husnul Lail ◽  
Rizanda Machmud ◽  
Adnil Edwin ◽  
Yusrawati Yusrawati ◽  
Anwar Mallongi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Independent Practice ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

BACKGROUND: Mental illness or mental health problems during pregnancy in low- and middle-income countries are very high; the average prevalence reaches 15.6%. Subsequent research was conducted by Indian in the Jakarta and Bogor regions in the period January–June 2018 regarding the incidence of perinatal depression by 23.6% in the Bogor. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the mental illness or mental health problems during pregnancy in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS: This research is qualitative research. This research was conducted in January–June 2019 in the Bogor independent practice midwife. Informants in the study came from the East Jakarta Health Office, Chair of the Indonesian Midwives Association, Head of the Health Center, Coordinating Midwives, Pregnant Women and husbands, and families of pregnant women. Data are analyzed by Regression Logistic. RESULTS: Construction model mental health of mothers during pregnancy in independent practice midwives is very important and needs attention. Pregnancy is still considered a physical change that needs to be intervened because it is easier to handle and easily detects it. Maternal examination during pregnancy is carried out by midwives, in the implementation of mental health checks during pregnancy for pregnant women, this role has not all been carried out optimally. CONCLUSION: This research suggests conducting socialization with midwives as well as across-related sectors to get political support in carrying out activities in health facilities and independent practice midwives.

scholarly journals Homelessness and severe mental illness in low- and middle-income countries: scoping review

BJPsych Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Smartt ◽  
Martin Prince ◽  
Souci Frissa ◽  
Julian Eaton ◽  
Abebaw Fekadu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Cultural Responses ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Background Despite being a global problem, little is known about the relationship between severe mental illness (SMI) and homelessness in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Homeless people with SMI are an especially vulnerable population and face myriad health and social problems. In LMICs, low rates of treatment for mental illness, as well as differing family support systems and cultural responses to mental illness, may affect the causes and consequences of homelessness in people with SMI. Aims To conduct a systematic, scoping review addressing the question: what is known about the co-occurrence of homelessness and SMI among adults living in LMICs? Method We conducted an electronic search, a manual search and we consulted with experts. Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts, assessed publications for eligibility and appraised study quality. Results Of the 49 included publications, quality was generally low: they were characterised by poor or unclear methodology and reporting of results. A total of 7 publications presented the prevalence of SMI among homeless people; 12 presented the prevalence of homelessness among those with SMI. Only five publications described interventions for this population; only one included an evaluation component. Conclusions Evidence shows an association between homelessness and SMI in LMICs, however there is little information on the complex relationship and direction of causality between the phenomena. Existing programmes should undergo rigorous evaluation to identify key aspects required for individuals to achieve sustainable recovery. Respect for human rights should be paramount when conducting research with this population. Declaration of interest None.

scholarly journals Stigma and discrimination related to mental illness in low- and middle-income countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 382-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Semrau ◽  
S. Evans-Lacko ◽  
M. Koschorke ◽  
L. Ashenafi ◽  
G. Thornicroft
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Aims.This paper aims to provide an overview of evidence from low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs) worldwide to address: the nature of stigma and discrimination, relevant context-specific factors, global patterns of these phenomena and their measurement and quantitative and qualitative evidence of interventions intended to reduce their occurrence and impact. The background to this study is that the large majority of studies concerned with identifying effective interventions to reduce stigma and discrimination originate in high-income countries (HICs). This paper therefore presents such evidence from, and relevant to, LAMICs.Methods.Conceptual overview of the relevant peer-reviewed and grey literature on stigma and discrimination related to mental illness in LAMICs are available in English, Spanish, French and Russian.Results.Few intervention studies were identified related to stigma re-education in LAMICs. None of these addressed behaviour change/discrimination, and there were no long-term follow-up studies. There is therefore insufficient evidence at present to know which overall types of intervention may be effective and feasible and in LAMICs, how best to target key groups such as healthcare staff, and how far they may need to be locally customised to be acceptable for large-scale use in these settings. In particular, forms of social contacts, which have been shown to be the most effective intervention to reduce stigma among adults in HICs, have not yet been assessed sufficiently to know whether these methods are also effective in LAMICs.Conclusion.Generating information about effective interventions to reduce stigma and discrimination in LAMICs is now an important mental health priority worldwide.

Public attitudes and the challenge of stigma

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Nicole Votruba ◽  
Mirja Koschorke ◽  
Graham Thornicroft
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Culturally Adapted ◽  
Low And Middle Income

People with mental illness frequently face challenges related to knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour. These challenges are more commonly known as stigma and discrimination, and appear universally with local and regional variations in their content and manifestations. They display in low levels of mental health literacy among the general population (ignorance/knowledge), negative affect towards people with experience of mental illness (prejudice/attitudes), and social exclusion and diminished citizenship for people with mental illness (discrimination/behaviour). This chapter looks at how people with mental illness are impacted by stigma and discrimination, considering the evidence of the implications of these knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour, and summarizes the literature on what can be done to effectively reduce stigma and discrimination. Increasingly strong evidence suggests that personal and social contact methods, including filmed/virtual contact, are the most strongly evidence-based method to reduce stigma and discrimination. Yet, most evidence is from high-income countries and tested for short- to mid-term efficacy. This evidence gap increases the need for more evidence from low- and middle-income countries and validation of sustainability in more long-term studies. In summary and for future research and interventions, service users will the key partners in anti-stigma programmes, and interventions specifically locally and culturally adapted for use in low- and middle-income countries are a pressing priority.

scholarly journals Measuring participation for persons with mental illness: A systematic review assessing relevance of existing scales for low and middle income countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh M. Babulal ◽  
Parul Bakhshi ◽  
Sunyata Kopriva ◽  
Sarah A. Ali ◽  
Susan A. Goette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Addressing Stigma Relating to Mental Illness in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Mascayano ◽  
Julio Eduardo Armijo ◽  
Lawrence Hsin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Cancer and severe mental illness in low‐ and middle‐income countries: The challenges and outlook for the future

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Jin Park ◽  
Alisa Wai ◽  
Keechilat Pavithran ◽  
Beena Kunheri ◽  
Koravangattu Valsraj
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The Future ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals The lessons I learned as a psychiatrist from my transcultural work in low- and middle-income countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
Julian Leff
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Extended Families ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Transcultural observations offer an opportunity to study attitude to mental illness in different societies and family structures. The disparity between industrialised and lower-income societies reflects greater tolerance due to the ability of extended families to compensate for the patient's limitations.

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