Christian anthropology and Aristotle's character ethics

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-46
Author(s):  
James Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Christian Anthropology

scholarly journals Eastern Church Fathers on Being Human—Dichotomy in Essence and Wholeness in Deification

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 575
Author(s):  
Olga Chistyakova
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Church Fathers ◽  
Gregory Of Nyssa ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Christian Anthropology ◽  
Church Father ◽  
Byzantine Church ◽  
God's Image ◽  
Maximus The Confessor

The article traces the formation of Eastern Christian anthropology as a new religious and philosophical tradition within the Early Byzantine culture. The notion “Patristics” is reasoned as a corpus of ideas of the Church Fathers, both Eastern and Western. The term “Eastern Patristics” means the works by Greek-Byzantine Church Fathers, who in the theological disputes with the Western Church Fathers elaborated the Christian creed. Based on an analysis of the texts of Greek-Byzantine Church Fathers, the most important provisions of Eastern Patristics are deduced and discussed, which determined the specificity of Christian anthropology. In this context, different approaches of the Eastern Fathers to the explanation of the Old Testament thesis on the creation of man in God’s image and likeness and the justification of the duality of human essence are shown. Particular attention is paid to considering the idea of deification as overcoming the human dualism and the entire created universe, the doctrine of the Divine Logoi as God’s energies, and the potential elimination of the antinomianism of the earthly and Divine worlds. The article reflects the anthropological ideas of the pre-Nicene Church Father Irenaeus, the non-canonical early Christian work The Shepherd of Hermas, and the teachings on the man of the classical Eastern Patristics period by Athanasius of Alexandria, Gregory of Nyssa, and Maximus the Confessor.

The Materiality of the Text and Manuscript Culture

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-62
Author(s):  
Martin Eisner
Keyword(s):  
Human Person ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
The Body ◽  
Manuscript Culture ◽  
Christian Anthropology ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
Christian Thought ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Materiality Of The Text ◽  
The Relationship

This article investigates the significance of the manuscripts of Virgil and other classical poets that Dante might have read. Calling attention to the presence of musical notation (neumes) in copies that share the particular Virgilian readings Dante quotes, this essay explores the resonance of one of those passages (Aeneas’ dream of Hector) in Dante’s poem. It shows how Dante uses this Virgilian episode to craft his encounter with Manfred where he considers the relationship of body and soul that constitutes one of the major differences between classical and Christian thought, as Augustine frequently noted. Just as Christian anthropology maintains that the body constitutes an essential element of the human person, this essay argues that the materiality of the texts Dante read constitutes a crucial source for understanding how Dante interpreted these texts.

scholarly journals Making the Invisible Visible: Inviting Persons with Disabilities into the Life of the Church

Horizons ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-73
Author(s):  
Mary Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Liberation Theology ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Communion Of Saints ◽  
Christian Anthropology ◽  
Psychological Disabilities ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Invisible

Christianity espouses the dignity of all humanity and professes welcome for all to the communion of saints. Yet people with disabilities, especially those with more severe or profound physical or psychological disabilities, are largely invisible inside our houses of worship. This article examines the meaning of dignity and inclusion through the lenses of Christian anthropology, disabilities liberation theology, and the lived experience of persons with disabilities. It concludes with some suggestions on how to begin inclusion.

scholarly journals Christian Personalism versus Utilitarianism: An Analysis of Their Approaches to Love and Suffering*

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-437
Author(s):  
Peter J. Colosi
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Christian Ethics ◽  
Human Suffering ◽  
Christian Anthropology ◽  
Christian Perspective ◽  
Utilitarian Approach ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Polar Opposite

Although Christian ethics and contemporary utilitarian ethics both employ terms such as “love” and “compassion” in their efforts to deal with human suffering, they are in fact polar opposite ethical views. This fact is not at all easy to discern. One key to perceiving the radical opposition between them lies in clarifying their respective concepts of love and suffering and the relation between the two. In Christian personalism, suffering is always understood as the suffering of individual persons, while in utilitarianism, suffering is primarily understood as a quantifiable entity detached from the individuals who experience it. This detachment of suffering from individuals leads to the depersonalizing and commodifying recommendations of utilitarianism. The dignity of persons as understood in Christian anthropology serves as the foundation of Christian ethics and is the only basis on which ethics can avoid commodifying people. The article begins with an explanation of the utilitarian approach to suffering and its concept of love. It then proceeds to express the view of love and suffering that flows from the Christian perspective. The article concludes by exposing the inherently self-defeating structure of utilitarian ethics and offers the hope-filled, if challenging, approach of Christian personalism. Although Christian anthropology and ethics developed within the historical context of Christianity, and in fact could only have developed there, the arguments here are primarily philosophical elucidations of the differences between the two opposing schools of thought discussed, while here and there including occasional theological points. Summary: The article examines the difference between Christian ethics and utilitarian ethics, bringing out their stark opposition on the topics of love, suffering and the human person.

scholarly journals ANTHROPOLOGICAL VIEWS OF THE UKRAINIAN DIASPORA THINKERS: RELIGIOUS AND PHILOSOPHICAL INFLUENCES

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Hanna Salo
Keyword(s):  
Human Existence ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Christian Anthropology ◽  
Religious Worldview ◽  
Western European ◽  
Philosophical Doctrine

The study examines theoretical sources of the Ukrainian diaspora thinkers that influenced ideas about the person. Through the prism of the diversity of their creative heritage, one can identify the peculiar directions of their religious and philosophical vision, which was based on spirit, mind, heart, transcendence, which correlate with the Divine principle of human existence. It is emphasized that the ideas about a person of the Ukrainian diaspora thinkers were influenced, firstly, by religious ideas (ethnic religion, Christian anthropology); secondly, anthropological problems in the works of ancient Rus' thinkers (the development of the idea of cordocentrism); concepts about a person Gregory Skovoroda, Pamfil Yurkevich (the doctrine of the "internal" person, the heart as the focus of spirituality and morality) thirdly, the Western European philosophical anthropological tradition (psychoanalysis, existentialism, personalism, dialogism, etc.). Due to the existing positions, it can be established that the anthropological trend in the religious views of the Ukrainian diaspora was expressed in such positions: the anthropological perspective was comprehended against the background of a religious worldview, which was reflected in the model of the "man-God-peace" relationship. Diaspora scholars have identified man as the highest value, reflected in its everyday orientations and priorities. Their anthropological teaching is based on the existential-anthropological dominant, which largely determines the content and basic structural and semantic aspects of their religious and philosophical heritage. In fact, the assertion and actualization of diaspora discourse took place on the basis of a synthesis of the domestic religious and philosophical tradition and pan-European anthropological ideas. Intertwining into a kind of mosaic, various influences formed the syncretic religious-philosophical doctrine of person, which is key to the writings of diaspora thinkers.

scholarly journals Axiological Ideas of Moral and Spiritual development in V. V. Zenkovsky’s PHILOSOPHICAL and Pedagogical Heritage

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
О.С. Лебедева
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Christian Anthropology ◽  
Pedagogical Issue ◽  
Human Spirituality

В статье представлены аксиологические идеи духовно-нравственного воспитания личности в философско-педагогическом наследии В. В. Зеньковского. Созданная ученым христианская антропология, в основе которой лежит иерархически-гармоничное развитие и совершенствование чело­веческой личности, способствовала решению важной педагогической проблемы — духовно-нравственного воспитания человека на основе христи­анских, общечеловеческих и культурных ценностей. С этих позиций представлен анализ аксиологического ядра личности, состоящего из таких категорий, как истина, добро, красота и святыня, их соотношение с различными формами духовно-эмпирической конституции человека. The article presents axiological ideas of moral and spiritual development of a person in V. V. Zenkovsky’s philosophical and pedagogical heritage. Christian anthropology created by the scholar and based on a hierarchical harmony and improvement promoted the solution of an important pedagogical issue, namely moral and spiritual development of a person on the basis of Christian, universal human and cultural values. The article analyzes the axiological core of a personality which encompasses such categories as truth, kindness, and sanctity; it also analyzes their relation to various facets of human spirituality.

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