The European Union and National Political Systems: Towards Systemic Integration

2017 ◽  
pp. 5-24
Author(s):  
José M. Magone
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Systems

Tax Competition in Wilhelmine Germany and Its Implications for the European Union

1996 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Hallerberg
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Tax Competition ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
National Government ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Data Set ◽  
State Tax

The twenty-five German states from 1871 to 1914 present a useful data set for examining how increasing economic integration affects tax policy. After German unification the national government collapsed six currencies into one and liberalized preexisting restrictions on capital and labor mobility. In contrast, the empire did not directly interfere in the making of state tax policy; while states transferred certain indirect taxes to the central government, they maintained their own autonomous tax and political systems through World War I. This paper examines the extent to which tax competition forced the individual state tax systems to converge from 1871 to 1914. In spite of a diversity of political systems, tax competition did require states to harmonize their rates on mobile factors like capital and high income labor, but it did not affect tax rates on immobile factors. In states where the political system guaranteed agricultural dominance, taxes on land were reduced, while in states with more open systems, tax rates remained higher. One unexpected result is that tax rates on capital and income converged upward instead of downward. The most dominant state, Prussia, served as the lowest-common-denominator state, but pressure from the national government, especially to increase expenditures, forced all states to raise their tax rates. These results suggest possible ways for the European Union to avoid a forced downward convergence of member state tax rates on capital and mobile labor.

Comparative Political Communication Research

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claes H. de Vreese
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Communication Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Political Journalists ◽  
Cross National

This chapter provides an overview of comparative political communication research (CPCR). CPCR is a growing field since there is wide acknowledgement that many questions are not answered satisfactorily with single case studies. The chapter explains why political communication researchers should care about cross-national comparisons and outlines types of CPCR—descriptive, explanatory, and comparison of relation—explaining variation in relations across units. Then the areas of CPCR are reviewed: media and political systems, political and elections news, political communication in the European Union, and political journalists. Finally, the chapter identifies unanswered questions for CPCR to address.

Europe and the Loss of Sovereignty

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Schiemann
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Sovereign State ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe concept of sovereignty plays too large a part in contemporary discussion. No nation is sovereign in the sense that it is free to do what it wants within its own borders and not subject to influences from outside. It is not self evident either that political systems have to be hierarchically organized or that there should be one final arbiter of law for all decisions. There are advantages in having different centres of power for decisions affecting differing matters. There is a case for the co-existence of overlapping power centres and for sharing in decision-making and being prepared to live with a decision which does not in itself reflect the wishes of your State. There are advantages in being part of a larger conglomerate. The State can then have some influence and control over what goes on outside its boundaries. There is no reason why that conglomerate should itself be a large sovereign State. The European Union offers the hope of transcending the sovereign State rather than simply replicating it in some new superstate. It may prove to be a model and an inspiration.

11. Law-Making in Governments and Parliaments

2021 ◽  
pp. 192-210
Author(s):  
Catherine E. De Vries ◽  
Sara B. Hobolt ◽  
Sven-Oliver Proksch ◽  
Jonathan B. Slapin
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Veto Players ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Change Policy ◽  
Law Making

This chapter explores how political systems across Europe actually make policy and also how they change policy. It examines in detail how coalitions are formed and looks at how coalitions function. The chapter uses the theoretical lens of the Veto Players theory to consider how the nature of governments, and parties within governments, affect the type of policies that become law. It also looks at the ease with which governments can change existing policy. The chapter moves on to address the role of informal actors such as interest groups. Processes differ across different countries and at the European Union (EU) level and that is examined in this chapter as well.

scholarly journals Performing statehood in Northern Kosovo: Discursive struggle over contested space

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-346
Author(s):  
Marina Vulović
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Territorial Disputes ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Contested Space ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
The Right

Since Serbia and Kosovo began their political and technical dialogue mediated by the European Union in 2011, numerous agreements were signed, but few of them implemented. In addition, since 2018 the idea of partitioning Kosovo along ethnic lines has entered public debates. This article asks why that is the case and argues that Northern Kosovo – specifically, who has the right to claim statehood over this area – lies at the heart of why partition was suggested as a viable option and why so few agreements have been implemented. In order to demonstrate this, the article adopts a performative view of statehood, particularly suitable for states ‘in-becoming’, such as Kosovo. As only externally performed statehood has been examined so far, that is, efforts for international recognition, this article extends performativity to internally negotiated statehood, against the background of two political systems competing for legitimacy in the long run. This is the case with Northern Kosovo, conceptualized as an area of overlapping limited statehood. The developed analytical framework can be extended to other cases of territorial disputes, such as Crimea or Palestine. The framework can also be expanded to explore performativity of statehood in areas where statehood is not institutionally disputed, but rather symbolically.

scholarly journals European response to COVID-19 health crisis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
George Nastos
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Political System ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The World ◽  
The Eu

The world is undergoing the pandemic health crisis of COVID-19. First and foremost, the pandemic is causing losses in human lives all over the world. Secondly, it is testing the economies of all countries, regardless of the degree of dispersion and loss of lives between the states. Another consequence of this health crisis is that apart from national health systems, it also puts to the test political systems. This consequence is even greater for an evolving political system such as the European Union, which in a decade has faced two other crises - the Eurozone and the refugee crisis. The EU has once again been called upon to face an exogenous cross-border crisis. It has to confront a pandemic within the existing framework of its competence, tools and bodies, while creating new ones in the need to support its Member States. This paper focuses on the European Union's response to the management of the COVID-19 pandemic, the weaknesses that this crisis has brought to the fore and the policies that would help the EU manage similar crises in the future.

scholarly journals Theorising Europeanisation in European Literature: Conceptualisation and Operationalisation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daviti Mtchedlishvili
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Acquis Communautaire ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
Gradual Development ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Academic Debate

There has been an extensive academic debate on the impact of the European Union on its member states, on the candidate countries for EU membership and the countries in its geographical neighbourhood. This paper analyses the notion and working conceptualisation of ‘Europeanisation’, which is to say, the EU’s impact on domestic political systems, when EU rules, norms and laws are first defined and consolidated in the making of EU decisions and then incorporated in the logic of domestic discourse, identities, political structures and public policies. The paper suggests to analyse the Europeanisation process in three ways. Moreover, the article elucidates the gradual development of the Europeanisation theory from so called “internal” to “external” Europeanisation, whereby the EU tries to transfer its Acquis Communautaire (the legal order of the European Union) to the international level. However, research on the Western understanding of Europeanisation confirms that the analysis of the process, when the European neighbourhood states adopt the EU acquis (the objectives of the European Union, its policies and the rules governing these policies) from the viewpoint of institutional framework has significant limitations. To deal with some of these issues, the paper outlines the conceptualisation of Europeanisation and examines the difference between Europeanisation and European Integration.

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