The present study forms part of the series of systematic and taxonomic contributions related to plant species of the Italian flora, and also other phanerogams, in light of recent biosystematic works of a molecular-genetic nature. <em>Caloscordum</em> and <em>Nectaroscordum</em> are separated from <em>Allium</em> s.l., <em>Holandrea</em> is included within <em>Dichoropetalum</em>, <em>Ficaria</em> is separated from <em>Ranunculus</em> and <em>Althaea</em> sect. <em>Hirsutae</em> is included within <em>Malva</em>. Confirmation is given for the inclusion of <em>Lavatera</em> within <em>Malva</em>, of <em>Aegilops</em> within <em>Triticum</em> and for the separation of <em>Phelipanche</em> from <em>Orobanche</em>. In addition some observations regarding the genera <em>Cytisus</em>, <em>Hippophaë</em>, <em>Portulaca</em>, <em>Rhaponticum</em>, <em>Senecio</em> and <em>Torilis</em> are presented. Finally new combinations and/or new names are proposed within the genera <em>Caloscordum</em>, <em>Nectaroscordum</em>, <em>Dichoropetalum</em>, <em>Ficaria</em>, <em>Hippophaë</em>, <em>Malva</em>, <em>Portulaca</em> and <em>Rhaponticum</em>.