Verbal manipulation in mass media text / discourse: the problem of recognition

The article presents short analytical review of the mass media texts researches devoted to the problem of recognition of verbal manipulation. It was found that in addition to traditional algorithms of “hand” identification of manipulation in the text / discourse (with the help of linguistic analysis), there are automatized systems of verbal manipulation recognition in mass media being developed. Despite the fact that at the current stage of science development the automatized systems which can recognize potentially manipulative texts of some types (fake texts; texts of negative tone including verbal aggression) have been already established with philologists’ participation, the problem that has been mentioned cannot be considered as solved in general due to diversity of manipulation and exitance of the number of problems among which there is a lack of uniformity in the interpretation of the key terms and the lack of dictionary of manipulation techniques and devices, all these makes the parametrization of indicators (markers) more difficult. The Kazakhstani researchers’ idea stating that the text manipulativity is determined by its intensity level of the set of indicators of a particular type requires further experimental confirmation using various materials. The author of the article believes that the last word in identification of verbal manipulation should belong to a man.

The Discovery of Black Light

|This article is the beginning of a reexpresson, and partial revision, of my book Black Light. The questions that I discuss in this article are listed in the below list of sections. In Sections 7, 8, 27, and 28, I discuss my discovery of black light. |The theoretical discovery of black light (that is, the thought experimental discovery of black light): The black spatial field in, for example, a “dark” room is actually, I argue, black light; and it is emitted from everything in the spatial field of the room (that is, the relatively empty space, and all objects). If, hypothetically, the black light in the above room was removed, we, when we would look into the spatial field of the room, would be blind, despite that we have the capacity to see. |The observational discovery of black light: There is no such thing as a “colorless” visual field for observers: A “colorless” visual field would be a visual field of blindness for observers, despite that they have vision, and that their eyes would be open. The black visual field is not, as is commonly stated, “the absence of photons”, “the absence of visible light”, and the, as such, absence of color: If it were, then it would be “colorless” (that is, not black), and, as such, a visual field of blindness for observers. |The experimental confirmation of black light via neurophysics: In Section 28, I demonstrate that particular EEG experimentation that was done on test-subjects in various conditions provides evidence or proof that the black of the black visual field that strikes our retinas is black light.

A Model for the Flash Technique Based on Working Memory and Neuroscience Research

This article presents a model for understanding how the Flash Technique (FT) may work in the brain and provides potential avenues for experimental confirmation. In the FT, the client reminds himself of a traumatic memory without dwelling on it but instead focuses on a positive engaging focus and then blinks his eyes as prompted by the therapist. Clients have reported signs of memory reconsolidation, for example, the memory getting blurry and a reduction in emotional response. While the originators of FT did not offer a detailed mechanism for FT, this article proposes that during the blinking, the patient’s periaqueductal gray (PAG) takes over, senses the reminder of the traumatic memory and reflexively triggers the amygdala. As part of a system suggested by Porges (2009) for neuroception, the PAG works reflexively to assess danger without going through the conscious brain. Recent fMRI data show that for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients, there is enhanced connectivity from the amygdala to the left hippocampus. As a result, triggering the amygdala may, in turn, activate the left hippocampus, which may then provide a brief access to the traumatic memory. Given the brief access, there is not enough time for the amygdala to go into overactivation. The client remains calm while accessing the traumatic memory, thus setting up the prediction error necessary for memory reconsolidation. This process is repeated many times during blinking in FT to allow memory reconsolidation to proceed, in some cases, to completion. This model is open to experimental confirmation.