Encouraging Human Organ Donation: Altruism versus Financial Incentives

2014 ◽  
pp. 93-110
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Human Organ

Living Organ Donation Role of Ethics for Improved Clinical Practice

2018 ◽  
pp. 242-259
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo Di Cocco
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Solid Organ Transplantation ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Live Donor ◽  
Live Donation

Solid organ transplantation represents one of the most important achievements in history of medicine. Over the last decades, the increasing number of transplants has not been of the same extent of the number of patients in the waiting lists. Live donation has been implemented in order to reduce the gap between supply and demand. From an ethical standpoint, the donation process from a live donor seems to violate the traditional first rule of medicine—primum non nocere because inevitably exposes healthy persons to a risk in order to benefit another person. In the chapter will be presented the crucial role of ethics and specific ethical issues in the different forms of live donation, such as financial incentives for living donation, reimbursement in unrelated live donation, minor sibling-to-sibling organ donation. The ethical aspects of live donor organ transplantation are continuously evolving; in order to make this strategy more beneficial and lifesaving, everyone involved in the process should make every possible effort with in mind the best interests of the patients.

scholarly journals Exploring the Relationship Between Professional Identity and Psychological Resilience of Organ Donation Coordinators in Zhejiang Province (China)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Shu ◽  
Bing-yu Xing ◽  
Wei-xiu Ruan ◽  
Li-yan Gao ◽  
Qun-fang Miao
Keyword(s):  
Professional Identity ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Human Organ ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
The Coordinator ◽  
Total Average

Background: An organ donation coordinator plays an important role in the process of organ donation and transplant. Therefore, investigating and analyzing the current situation in organ donation and examining the correlation between professional identity and psychological resilience of human organ donation coordinator, provides a reference for promoting stable development of organ donation.Methods: A total of 48 coordinators of organ donation in Zhejiang Province were recruited for the study by using the method of convenience sampling. The psychological resilience scale and professional identity questionnaire were used to collect data.Results: The results revealed that the total average score of the professional identity of organ donation coordinators was 34.92 ± 8.57. Compared with the median professional identity score of 34.50, the professional identity of the coordinator in this survey was at a moderate level. The total average score of psychological resilience was 64.44 ± 11.91. There was a significant positive correlation between the professional identity of the coordinator and the total score of psychological resilience (r = 0.641, P < 0.01).Conclusion: The professional identity and psychological resilience of the coordinators in Zhejiang Province were found to be in the middle level and the higher the psychological resilience score, the stronger the professional identity of the coordinators. It is important to improve the level of psychological resilience among organ donation coordinators to enhance their professional identity.

Payment for Organ Donation in Jewish Law

2010 ◽  
pp. 323-339
Author(s):  
Fred Rosner ◽  
Edward Reichman
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Human Organ ◽  
Financial Compensation ◽  
Body Form ◽  
Organ Donations ◽  
Therapeutic Context ◽  
Ownership Rights

Payment for organ donation in Jewish Law is the essence of this article. In Judaism, a physician's license to heal the sick is considered divinely given. The Talmud drives this from the Biblical phrase, “And he shall surely heal.” In fact, according to Maimonides, a physician is obligated to heal the sick, induce remission of illness, and prolong life. Human organ transplantation began nearly half a century ago. Since then, organ donations have been insufficient to meet the needs of patients with diseased organs. This article traces the Halakhic and Talmudic precedents for selling body parts. There is Talmudic precedent for selling body parts, but not organs, and not in a medical or therapeutic context. This article further explains Jewish law forbids receiving financial compensation for fulfilling a meritorious act. Clauses pertaining to organ donation such as obligations to save a life, ownership rights over one's body form the concluding part of this article.

Effects of Financial Incentives on the Intention to Consent to Organ Donation: A Questionnaire Survey

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 2756-2760 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mayrhofer-Reinhartshuber ◽  
A. Fitzgerald ◽  
G. Benetka ◽  
R. Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Financial Incentives

The Failure to Give

2020 ◽  
pp. 177-211
Author(s):  
James F. Childress
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Deceased Donor ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Person ◽  
Presumed Consent ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Deceased Organ Donation ◽  
Risk Cost

After considering the huge and persistent gap between the supply of deceased donor organs for transplantation and the number of patients on the waiting list for a transplant, this chapter considers different ethical frameworks for evaluating first-person failures to donate organs after death and then assesses selected public policies designed to overcome these failures. Policies to facilitate first-person deceased organ donation often seek to alter the individual’s risk/cost-benefit calculations in deciding whether to register as a donor (for instance, by providing financial incentives); financial incentives can be ethically justifiable under some circumstances if they encourage and facilitate donation but do not implicate the sale of organs. Other proposed policies seek to nudge the individual’s declaration of organ donation through mandated choice or required response or through opt-out policies, often called “presumed consent,” under which not opting out counts as a donative decision. Available evidence suggests that mandated choice, required response, and presumed consent would probably be ineffective and perhaps even counterproductive in the United States at this time, but that some carefully designed combination could possibly be both ethically acceptable and effective.

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