A Mixed-Methods Study to Develop a Resilience Scale for Thai Elderly with Chronic Diseases and Depression

This study was an exploratory sequential mixed-methods design to develop a resilience scale for Thai elderly with chronic diseases and depression. The qualitative findings from the focus group discussion with 6 participants were used to develop a resilience scale, and the scale was then tested on 310 samples to check the reliability and validity of the scale. The qualitative results showed that resilience was defined in 3 themes: My Characteristics, My Abilities, and My Dependencies, which were composed of 9 different categories. The results of the quantitative examination showed that all 21 items of the resilience scale had a good corrected item-total correlation and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.85 indicated that the scale was internally consistent and highly reliable. The construct validity of the resilience scale was tested by confirmatory factor analysis and revealed that the resilience model was consistent with the empirical data based on the goodness-of-fit index ( chi − square = 161.51 , df = 186 , p value = 0.90 , RMSEA = 0.000 ). All the results show that the resilience scale has excellent and appropriate psychological properties. Health-care workers can use the resilience scale to assess the elderly and develop a resilience-promoting program specifically for the elderly with chronic diseases and depression to improve the well-being of the elderly.

GAMBARAN KETAHANAN PSIKOLOGIS REMAJA DI ERA PANDEMI COVID-19

Latar Belakang : COVID-19 menyebabkan dampak negatif pada aspek psikologis manusia terutama pada kelompok remaja. Remaja memasuki fase perkembangan psikologisnya dengan berbagai batasan karena adanya peraturan-peraturan yang diakibatkan karena COVID-19. Gangguan psikologis pada remaja saat ini mempengaruhi Ketahanan Psikologis nya,jika berlangsung dalam jangka panang remaja rentan mengalami gangguan kesehatan mental yang ditimbulkan akibat dari Covid-19. Tujuan : untuk mengetahui gambaran ketahanan psikologis remaja di era pandemi COVID-19 . Metode : Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif . Teknik sampling menggunakan simple random sampling. Jumlah sampel 100 remaja. Pengumpulan data mengunakan kuesioner Resilience Scale ™. Analisa data menggunakan Distribusi Frekuensi. Hasil :Ketahanan Psikologis remaja yakni pada kategori sangat rendah sebanyak 18,0% , kategori ketahanan rendah sebanyak 41,0% , ketahanan kategori aktif rendah sebanyak 26,0% , ketahanan kategori sedang sebanyak 12,0% dan kategori ketahanan cukup tinggi sebanyak 3,0%. Kesimpulan : ketahanan psikologis Remaja sebagian besar cenderung memiliki ketahanan psikologis yang negatif sebanyak 85,0% sedangkan remaja yang memiliki ketahanan psikologis positif sebanyak 15,0%. Saran : pendampingan orangtua, guru diharapkan bagi remaja dalam melewati fase perkembangan remaja.

Assessing the impact of pandemic on the resilience of older adults in Tomsk region

В статье впервые представлены результаты оценки влияния пандемии на жизнестойкость старшего поколения на примере Томской обл. На основе данных опроса (400 респондентов 55-92 лет) с использованием шкалы Коннор-Дэвидсона (CD-RISC-25) проведена оценка жизнестойкости старшего поколения и выявлены ее предикторы. Установлена статистически значимая зависимость жизнестойкости, материального благосостояния и эмоционального состояния пожилых респондентов в условиях пандемии коронавируса. Результаты исследования дополняют существующие подходы к оценке и измерению параметров качества жизни старшего поколения и могут быть использованы для проектирования инструментов укрепления жизнестойкости в русле концепции активного долголетия. The article presents pioneer results of assessing the impact of the pandemic on the resilience of the older adults of the Tomsk region. We assessed the resilience of older adults and its predictors basing upon the survey of 400 respondents aged 55-92 using the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC-25). The results reveal statistically significant relationship between the resilience, material well-being and emotional state of elderly respondents in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. The results of the study complement the existing approaches to assessing and measuring the parameters of the quality of life of the older adults, and can be used to design tools for strengthening the resilience in line with the concept of active ageing.

Effects of Resilience on Impulsivity, Cognition and Depression during Protracted Withdrawal among Chinese Male Methamphetamine Users

Background Methamphetamine (METH) dependence is a complex and dynamic public health problem. Long-term abuse of METH can increase numerous risks of mental and physical problems. Currently, the methods to reduce METH dependence and improve the withdrawal symptoms are limited and ineffective. Resilience is regarded as an individuals’ protective moderator against stress and may play a role in the stress-related mental diseases. Methods One hundred and twelve males with METH dependence were consecutively recruited from Huanglong Compulsory Isolated Detoxification Center between 2019 and 2021. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Self-rating depression scale (SDS), Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11(BIS-11), and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (Rbans) were used to evaluate resilience, depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and cognition respectively. Results The results showed that high and medium resilience groups showed lower SDS scores than the low resilience group (p<0.05), with high resilience groups showing lower scores using SAS (p<0.05). The high resilience group demonstrated lower cognitive impulsiveness, non-planning impulsiveness, and BIS-11 scores than the low resilience group (all p <0.05). Additionally, compared with the low resilience group, attention was better in the medium resilience group, while delayed memory was better in the high resilience group (both p<0.05). The total scores of Rbans were also higher in the medium and high resilience groups than low resilience group (both p<0.05). Conclusions This study confirmed a correlation between resilience and impulsivity, cognitive function, and depression. It may suggest a potential role of resilience for individuals during protracted METH withdrawal.

Mediation Effect of Self-Efficacy and Resilience on the Psychological Well-Being of Lebanese People During the Crises of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Beirut Explosion

Introduction: Self-efficacy signifies an individual's belief in their own ability to perform the actions required to achieve a particular performance. In this study, we used an online survey to assess the mediation effect of resilience and self-efficacy on the overall psychological well-being of Lebanese people during the crises of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Beirut explosion.Methods: Overall, 567 Lebanese people participated in an online survey between March 17–28, 2021. The survey included the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items (SAVE-6), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale-2 items, WHO-5 Well-being Index, General Self-Efficacy scale, and a single item on insomnia. We also assessed their risk perception regarding exposure to COVID-19 or explosions.Results: About 53% of participants were assessed as having depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) in the recent crisis. About half of participants (53.2%) reported feeling more stressed by COVID-19 than by the Beirut explosion, and 23.4% felt more stressed by the Beirut explosion than by COVID-19. Only the SAVE-6 score differed significantly between groups with greater stress responses to COVID-19 and the Beirut explosion. Self-efficacy mediated the influence of depression on people's psychological well-being, and self-efficacy and resilience mediated the influence of viral anxiety on psychological well-being.Conclusion: Self-efficacy is important for reducing people's depression and improving their psychological well-being during the Lebanon crises and also mediates the influence of anxiety in response to the viral epidemic on their psychological well-being in some people.

Applying Evidence-Centered Design to Measure Psychological Resilience: The Development and Preliminary Validation of a Novel Simulation-Based Assessment Methodology

Modern technologies have enabled the development of dynamic game- and simulation-based assessments to measure psychological constructs. This has highlighted their potential for supplementing other assessment modalities, such as self-report. This study describes the development, design, and preliminary validation of a simulation-based assessment methodology to measure psychological resilience—an important construct for multiple life domains. The design was guided by theories of resilience, and principles of evidence-centered design and stealth assessment. The system analyzed log files from a simulated task to derive individual trajectories in response to stressors. Using slope analyses, these trajectories were indicative of four types of responses to stressors: thriving, recovery, surviving, and succumbing. Using Machine Learning, the trajectories were predictive of self-reported resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale) with high accuracy, supporting construct validity of the simulation-based assessment. These findings add to the growing evidence supporting the utility of gamified assessment of psychological constructs. Importantly, these findings address theoretical debates about the construct of resilience, adding to its theory, supporting the combination of the “trait” and “process” approaches to its operationalization.

The differences between the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale and the Brief Resilience Scale When Assessing Resilience: Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Predictive Effects

The Connor&ndash;Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) are two widely used scales to measure resilience. Although both scales seek to assess an individual&rsquo;s ability to recover from and adapt to disruptions or stressful events, they may capture different aspects of resilience. While the CD-RISC focuses on resources that can help individuals recover from and adapt to disruptions or stressful events, the BRS directly measures one&rsquo;s ability to bounce back or be resilient. The aim of this study is to empirically examine the differences between the CD-RISC and the BRS. Two samples (n = 202, 246) consisting of undergraduate students from Taiwan were used. The results of confirmatory factor analysis show that the CD-RISC and the BRS are highly correlated but still distinct. The results of regression analyses show that the CD-RISC and the BRS have unique predictive effects on depression and life satisfaction. The research findings suggest that the CD-RISC and the BRS capture different aspects of resilience. For future research on resilience, researchers should pay attention to the differences between these scales and choose the one that most closely fits their research purpose.

Factors affecting anxiety levels of students of the Bachelor of Medicine Study Program and the Doctor's Profession, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University Class of 2018-2020 in Undertaking the Online Lecture Learning System During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Throughout the pandemic of COVID-19, medical students have been undergoing online learning, which has the potential to cause them anxiety. The study’s objective is to determine a relationship between anxiety scales and gender, year of study, resilience scale, and social support scale. This study used a cross-sectional approach with analytic observational methodology. The year of study and gender were in the biodata section, the resilience scale was calculated utilizing the Nicholson McBride Resilience Questionnaire (NMRQ), and the social support scale was calculated utilizing the Oslo Social Support Scale-3 (OSSS-3). The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was employed to evaluate anxiety scales. The data was examined utilizing univariate and bivariate methods such as Chi-square and Kendall-tau. The amount of respondents was 238 respondents who were selected by simple random sampling. The result showed significant results (p<0.05) for factors that consist of gender (r=0.183, p<0.01), year of study (r= -0.151, p<0.05), resilience (r= -0.297, p<0.01) and social support (r= -0.243,p<0.01). This research’s findings are gender, year of study, resilience, and social support all have a significant correlation with anxiety scale experienced by respondents while participating in online learning.

Nurses’ stress and resilience before and after evaluation for hospital accreditation

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze and compare levels of stress and resilience in nurses before and after the assessment for maintenance of the Hospital Accreditation Certification. Methods: quantitative, observational, and longitudinal research, with 53 nurses from a philanthropic hospital, in the Rio Grande do Sul. Data collected in two stages, March, and July 2019, before the assessment visit and 60 days after, using the Bianchi Stress Scale and Resilience Scale. Descriptive and analytical statistics were employed. Results: the majority of participants showed an average stress level before and after the evaluation. The highest stress scores were related to Domains E (coordination of unit activities) and C (activities related to personnel administration). In both moments of the study, the participants had medium and high resilience. Conclusions: managing people, processes, and assistance are stressful activities in the Accreditation process and increase the nurses’ stress levels.

Role of Stress and Age in Resilience Among Parents of the Children with Intellectual Disability

Parents of children with intellectual disability face various stressful situations. However, many of them show resilience even in the midst of challenges and are able to meaningfully contribute to the life of the child. In the present study, the factors of stress that hinder resilience are assessed in a sample of 50 parents of intellectually disabled children. Stress scale for parents of mentally challenged (SPMC) developed by Rejitha, Biji, and Jayan was used to measure the stress of the parents. Resilience was measured using the Bharathiar University resilience scale, developed by Annalakshmi. Results showed extra-familial stress as a significant inverse predictor of resilience. Older parents are relatively more resilient when compared to the younger.