scholarly journals The effect of positive end-expiratory pressure on optic nerve diameter in patients undergoing craniotomy operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Positive End Expiratory Pressure ◽  
Optic Nerve Diameter

Normal Age- and Sex-Related Values of the Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter and Its Dependency on Position and Positive End-Expiratory Pressure

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 3279-3285
Author(s):  
Michael Ertl ◽  
Christin Knüppel ◽  
Martina Veitweber ◽  
Andrea Wagner ◽  
Karin Pfister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
Positive End Expiratory Pressure ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Age And Sex

Ultrasonic biometry of the optic nerve diameter

Orbit ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Sadanao Tane ◽  
Jun Horikoshi
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Diameter

scholarly journals Influence of retrobulbar neuritis and papillitis on echographically measured optic nerve diameter

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Stefanovic ◽  
Milos Jovanovic ◽  
Bojana Dacic-Krnjaja ◽  
Dragan Veselinovic ◽  
Predrag Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Optic Disk ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Retrobulbar Neuritis ◽  
Optic Nerve Diameter ◽  
Ophthalmologic Examination ◽  
Retrobulbar Optic Neuritis

Background/Aim. Retrobulbar (optic) neuritis is inflammation of the optic nerve that may cause a complete or partial loss of vision. This inflammation can affect a part of the nerve within the eyeball (neuropapillitis) or a part of the nerve behind the eyeball (retrobulbar neuritis). The aim of this study was to establish whether there is a correlation between the diameter of a retrobulbar part of the optic nerve and either visual acuity, prominence of the optic disk (papillitis), or nature of the neuritis (papillitis or retrobulbar). Methods. We tested 23 patients with retrobulbar neuritis and papillitis. In addition to a complete ophthalmologic examination, the diameter of retrobulbar region of the optic nerve was measured by the B-scan method. Following this, the 30-degree test was carried out. Results. We found an increased thickness of the retrobulbar region in 22 patients and different responses to the 30-degree test, as well as a statistically significant negative correlation between the thickness of retrobulbar part of the optic nerve and visual acuity. Conclusion. The retrobulbar part of the optic nerve is thicker in 94% of the patients with retrobulbar neuritis and in all the patients with papillitis. There is a correlation between the reduction of visual acuity and thickening of a retrobulbar part.

scholarly journals Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure, carbon dioxide and body position on intracranial pressure measured by ultrasound assessment of optic nerve sheath diameter

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Adrijana Bojicic ◽  
Gordana Jovanovic ◽  
Filip Pajicic ◽  
Milanka Tatic
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
Positive End Expiratory Pressure ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Ultrasound Assessment

Introduction. The optic nerve is surrounded by layers of meninges and cerebrospinal fluid, which is why intracranial pressure affects the optic nerve sheath. Noninvasive measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter is simple, accurate, repeatable and with minimal side effects. Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure on intracranial pressure. The application of positive end-expiratory pressure plays a significant role in improving gas exchange, but it leads to an increase in intrathoracic and central venous pressure, cerebral blood volume, reduces arterial and cerebral perfusion pressure and thus futher increases intracranial pressure. The effect of positive end-expiratory pressure depends on basal intracranial pressure and respiratory system compliance. Effects of carbon dioxide on intracranial pressure. Hypercapnia leads to cerebral vasodilatation and increases cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure. Hypocapnia reduces intracranial pressure, but its prolonged effect may lead to cerebral ischemia. Effects of body position on intracranial pressure. Body position affects intracranial pressure, primarily by affecting cerebral venous drainage. Conclusion. Body position, application of positive end-expiratory pressure, and changes in carbon dioxide can affect intracranial pressure, which is why its monitoring is of importance. Numerous studies show that their effects on intracranial pressure can be easily monitored by ultrasound assessment of optic nerve sheath diameter.

Sonographic Optic Nerve Diameter and Clinical Biomarkers in Patients With Poorly Controlled Diabetes: A Comparative Analysis With Nondiabetic Subjects

2021 ◽  
pp. 875647932110441
Author(s):  
Benjamin Effiong Udoh ◽  
Akwa Egom Erim ◽  
Bassey E. Archibong ◽  
Samson O. Paulinus ◽  
Basil Chukwuma Ezeokpo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Imaging Biomarker ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers ◽  
Array Transducer ◽  
Optic Nerve Diameter

Objective: The study assessed optic nerve diameter (OND) and clinical biomarkers in patients with poorly controlled diabetes compared with healthy nondiabetic volunteers. Materials and Methods: There were 1320 adult participants recruited to the study. The cohort was divided into 600 Type 2 diabetic (DM II) patients and 720 apparently healthy, nondiabetic volunteers. The OND was measured using a high-resolution dedicated ultrasound device (Sonoace 5500; Medicol, Medison, Miami, FL, USA) with a 10-MHz linear array transducer. Subjects were examined in a supine position with their eyes closed. Three measurements of the OND were taken and the average recorded. Hemoglobin A1c concentration and lipid profiles were determined using Bio-Rad Diamat analyzer (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA). Body mass index and age were matched for both cohorts for comparativeness. Results: The mean OND of the DM II patients was 3.10 ± 0.14 mm (range of 2.6–4.0 mm), which was significantly ( P < .05) lower than the control volunteers (4.22 ± 0.15 mm). The OND demonstrated a negative significant correlation with HA1c, duration of diabetes and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ( P < .05). Lipid profiles, blood urea, serum creatinine, and hemoglobin A1c showed statistical difference between diabetics and control subjects. Conclusion: Poorly controlled DM II patients may have significantly narrower OND than nondiabetic patients. This imaging biomarker has the potential to transform visual care for DM II patients.

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