Rapid trends in globalization, increase in population, and genetic
diversity of viruses collectively provide grounds for emergence
and reemergence of viral outbreaks that are threats to overall
continuum of human development. In addition to human factors,
environmental factors such as water, soil, mosquito vectors and
animals are also contributing to the outbreaks of viral diseases. In
the past two decades, we have witnessed some of the deadly viral
epidemics of the 21st century such as the Ebola virus epidemic in
West Africa [1], Yellow Fever outbreak in Angola [2], the 2009 flu
pandemic [3]. Dengue Fever [4], and Zika outbreak especially in
Brazil [5], just a few to mention. From such outbreaks occurring
unpredictably around the world, infectious diseases epidemiologists
and global health experts acknowledge viruses have now evolved
to rapidly cross international borders. In countries where resources
of rapid viral detection and prevention programs are indeed limited,
these outbreaks have produced devastating consequences not only
overwhelming the local health departments’ capacity to confront
the epidemics, but also, they have had serious and measurable
devastating effects on economy and human productivity [6].
State-induced Famine in Eritrea: Persecution and Crime against Humanity