Between formal openness and stratification in secondary education: Implications for social inequalities in Italy

This article discusses key findings from eduLIFE, a cross-national project that examined the emergence of social inequalities in 17 countries characterized by different models of secondary education. First, we build upon existing international studies and propose a broader classification of forms of differentiation in secondary education. Second, we elaborate a fourfold typology of secondary education systems. Third, we provide a longitudinal and comparative analysis of how social background, academic performance, and forms of secondary schooling create heterogeneous educational opportunities for recent generations. In particular, we discuss: (1) the allocation of students to different forms of secondary schooling; (2) student mobility among different types of education; and (3) the consequences of differentiation in secondary schooling for students’ educational careers. Our findings suggest that, on average, more privileged families successfully exploit the opportunities provided by specific institutional configurations of school systems in order to secure the most favourable outcomes for their children.

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Artes e Educação do Campo: reflexões sobre a LEDOC da UFT/UFNT

Revista Brasileira de Educação do Campo ◽

10.20873/uft.rbec.e13126 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-28

Author(s):

Rosa Adelina Sampaio Oliveira ◽

Cassia Ferreira Miranda ◽

Gustavo Cunha de Araujo

Keyword(s):

Rural Education ◽

Secondary Education ◽

Visual Arts ◽

Social Inequalities ◽

Qualitative Approach ◽

Quality Education ◽

Access To Education ◽

Elementary And Secondary Education ◽

Interpretative Analysis ◽

Society Project

This article aims to discuss the implementation and validity of the degree course in Rural Education, with specialization in Arts and Music, at the Federal University of Northern Tocantins (UFNT), in the Tocantinópolis campus. The course stands out for being one of the two existing courses in Brazil aimed at the formation of countryside educators to work specifically in the discipline of Art in Elementary and Secondary Education in rural schools. In the developed reflection, a qualitative approach of descriptive and documental character is used, performing an interpretative analysis of the researched data. Existing since 2014, the course has already graduated three classes in a trajectory of constructions and reconstructions, with the purpose of seeking a critical look at the course and adapting to the needs of curricular reconfigurations, in order to provide a public and quality education. Aiming to train educators to work with the Visual Arts, Music and Theater, the course of the UFNT-Tocantinópolis resists seeking to democratize the access to education, by contributing to the construction of a quality education that helps to improve the lives of peasant populations, in the construction of a more egalitarian and solidary society project and in the reduction of social inequalities.

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Maria Nilde Mascellani and the Social Catholicism in Vocational (São Paulo, 1960)

Revista Educação e Emancipação ◽

10.18764/2358-4319.v11n2p238-263 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 238

Author(s):

Yomara Feitosa Caetano de Oliveira Fagionato

Keyword(s):

Secondary Education ◽

Democratic Party ◽

Social Inequalities ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Christian Democracy ◽

Jacques Maritain ◽

The Social ◽

The Government ◽

Social Catholicism

O propósito desse artigo é perceber as representações e apropriações realizadas pela equipe pedagógica e por Maria Nilde Mascellani em relação ao catolicismo social paulista, no início da implantação do Serviço de Ensino Vocacional (SEV). Os ginásios e colégios vocacionais foram instalados na gestão de Carlos Alberto Alves de Carvalho Pinto (1959-1962). Em 1961, a atuação do secretário de educação, Luciano de Vasconcelos de Carvalho, filiado ao Partido Democrata Cristão (PDC) se aproximou desse governo com a intenção de promover a democracia cristã na área educacional, e logo constituiu uma comissão com objetivo de criar uma nova escola secundária. A democracia cristã integrou a nova ordem social, política e econômica, e assim uma forma de catolicismo se aproximou dos governos e partidos políticos. Essa forma política foi alimentada pelo movimento do catolicismo social, por meio das ideias em circulação de pensadores católicos franceses, tais como: Louis-Joseph Lebret, Jacques Maritain e Emmanuel Mounier. Esse movimento católico divulgou um pensamento que se apresentava como uma forma de agir/pensar com criticidade em relação às mazelas brasileiras e desigualdades sociais. Para tanto, enfoco uma história dos usos e das interpretações, na perspectiva de Roger Chartier (1988), e tenho como fontes as memórias desta educadora em cruzamento com documentos manuscritos e impressos, emitidos pelo SEV, dissertações, teses e bibliografias.Palavras-chave: Democracia Cristã. Catolicismo Social Paulista. Serviço de Ensino Vocacional. Maria Nilde Mascellani and the Social Catholicism in Vocational (São Paulo, 1960)ABSTRACTThe purpose of this article is to perceive the representations and appropriations carried out by the pedagogical team and by Maria Nilde Mascellani in relation to the social Catholicism of São Paulo, at the beginning of the implementation of the Vocational Education Service (SEV). The vocational secondary education was deployed during the government of Carlos Alberto Alves de Carvalho Pinto (1959-1962). In 1961, the performance of the Secretary of Education, Luciano de Vasconcelos de Carvalho, affiliated with the Christian Democratic Party (Partido Democrata Cristão - PDC) approached this government with the intent to promote Christian democracy in the educational area, and then constituted a commission with the objective of raising a new secondary education. Christian democracy integrated the new social, political and economic order, relating a type of Catholicism to governments and political parties. This political form was fed by the movement of social Catholicism, through the ideas in circulation of French Catholic thinkers, such as: Louis-Joseph Lebret, Jacques Maritain and Emmanuel Mounier. This Catholic movement disseminated a type of thought as a way of acting / thinking with criticality the Brazilian misfortunes and social inequalities. Therefore, it focuses on a history of uses and interpretations, in the perspective of Roger Chartier (1988), and I have as sources the memories of this educator in intersected with handwritten and printed documents emitted by the SEV, dissertations, theses and bibliographies.Keywords: Christian Democracy. Social Catholicism of São Paulo. Vocational Eucation Service. Maria Nilde Mascellani y el Catolicismo Social en Vocacional (São Paulo, 1960)RESUMENEl propósito de este artículo es percibir las representaciones y apropiaciones realizadas por el equipo pedagógico y por María Nilde Mascellani en relación al catolicismo social paulista, al inicio de la implantación del Servicio de Enseñanza Vocacional (SEV). Los gimnasios y colegios vocacionales fueron instalados en la gestión de Carlos Alberto Alves de Carvalho Pinto (1959-1962). En 1961, la actuación del secretario de educación, Luciano de Vasconcelos de Carvalho, afiliado al Partido Demócrata Cristiano (PDC) se acercó a este gobierno con la intención de promover la democracia cristiana en el área educativa, y luego constituyó una comisión con el objetivo de crear una “ nueva escuela secundaria. La democracia cristiana integró el nuevo orden social, político y económico, relacionando un tipo de catolicismo a los gobiernos y partidos políticos. Esta forma política fue alimentada por el movimiento del catolicismo social, por medio de las ideas en circulación de pensadores católicos franceses, tales como: Louis-Joseph Lebret, Jacques Maritain y Emmanuel Mounier. Este movimiento católico divulgó un tipo de pensamiento como una forma de actuar / pensar con criticidad en relación a las molestias brasileñas y desigualdades sociales. Para ello, enfoco una historia de los usos y de las interpretaciones, en la perspectiva de Roger Chartier (1988), y tengo como fuentes las memorias de esta educadora en cruzamiento con documentos manuscritos e impresos, emitidos por el SEV, disertaciones, tesis y bibliografías.Palabras clave: Democracia Cristiana. Catolicismo Social Paulista. Servicio de Enseñanza Vocacional.

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The cost of diets according to nutritional quality and sociodemographic characteristics in Belgium

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

C Pedroni ◽

S Vandevijvere ◽

M Seck ◽

L Desbouys ◽

K Castetbon

Keyword(s):

Secondary Education ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Nutritional Quality ◽

Social Inequalities ◽

Dietary Assessment ◽

Healthy Diet ◽

Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽

Diet Cost ◽

The Cost

Abstract Introduction Prices of foods may influence purchases and therefore, the overall quality of diets. Our objective was to estimate cost variations according to the nutritional quality of diets and to identify sociodemographic characteristics associated with the cost differences in adults' diets. Methods Data from adults (N = 1,158; 18-64 years) included in the 2014-2015 Belgian National Food Consumption Survey were used. Dietary assessment was based on two 24-h dietary recalls and a food frequency questionnaire. The “Mediterranean Diet Score” (MDS) and the “Healthy Diet Indicator” (HDI) were used to assess diet quality. Daily diet cost was estimated after linking the consumed foods with the 2014 GfK ConsumerScan panel food price data. Associations were estimated using linear regressions. Results The mean diet cost was 5.79€/day (SEM: 0.07). Adjusted for covariates and energy intake, it was significantly higher in the highest (T3) tercile of both scores than in the lowest tercile (T1) (MDS: T1=5.60€/d (0.09) vs. T3=6.03€/d (0.10); HDI: T1=5.42€/d (0.09) vs. T3=6.34€/d (0.10)). Higher intake of fruits, vegetables, fish, dairy products, vegetable oil, fibre and potassium and lower intake of free sugars were associated with higher diet cost. Both diet quality and cost were higher in 35-64-year-old (vs. 18-34 years), active (vs. students) and post-secondary education (vs. secondary education or lower) respondents. The association between quality and cost of diets was weaker in males and among individuals with higher education levels. Conclusions Healthier diets are more expensive than less healthy diets in Belgium. These findings contribute to a better understanding of social inequalities in diet in order to support public health policies and actions. Key messages Strategies need to be developed to improve the affordability to a healthy diet. In particular, messages promoting healthy diet targeted to the vulnerable populations should better consider the food cost.

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Education and pneumonia mortality: a trend analysis of its inequalities in Colombian adults

BMJ Open Respiratory Research ◽

10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000695 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. e000695

Author(s):

Nelson J. Alvis-Zakzuk ◽

Ivan Arroyave ◽

Carlos Castañeda-Orjuela ◽

Fernando De La Hoz-Restrepo ◽

Nelson Alvis-Guzman

Keyword(s):

Secondary Education ◽

Primary Education ◽

Educational Level ◽

Social Inequalities ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cumulative Distribution ◽

Men And Women ◽

Relative Index ◽

Education Group ◽

Rate Ratios

ObjectiveTo explore the existence and trends of social inequalities related to pneumonia mortality in Colombian adults using educational level as a proxy of socioeconomic status.MethodsWe obtained individual and anonymised registries from death certificates due to pneumonia for 1998–2015. Educational level data were gathered from microdata of the Colombian Demography Health Surveys. Rate ratios (RR) were estimated by using Poisson regression models, comparing mortality of educational groups with mortality in the highest education group. Relative index of inequality (RII) was measured to assess changes in disparities, regressing mortality on the midpoint of the cumulative distribution of education, thereby considering the size of each educational group.ResultsFor adults 25+ years, the risk of dying was significantly higher among lower educated. The RRs depict increased risks of dying comparing lower and highest education level, and this tendency was stronger in woman than in men (RR for primary education=2.34 (95% CI 2.32 to 2.36), RR for secondary education=1.77 (95% CI 1.75 to 1.78) versus RR for primary education=1.83 (95% CI 1.81 to 1.85), RR for secondary education=1.51 (95% CI 1.50 to 1.53)). According to age groups, young adults (25–44 years) showed the largest inequality in terms of educational level; RRs for pneumonia mortality regarding the tertiary educated groups show increased mortality in the lower and secondary educated, and these differences decreased with ages. RII in pneumonia mortality among adult men was 2.01 (95% CI 2.00 to 2.03) and in women 2.46 (95% CI 2.43 to 2.48). The RII was greatest at young ages, for both sexes. Time trends showed steadily significant increases for RII in both men and women (estimated annual percentage change (EAPC)men=3.8; EAPCwomen=2.6).ConclusionA significant increase on the educational inequalities in mortality due to pneumonia during all period was found among men and women. Efforts to reduce pneumonia mortality in adults improving population health by raising education levels should be strengthened with policies that assure widespread access to economic and social opportunities.

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