scholarly journals A new two-variable generalization of the chromatic polynomial

2003 ◽  
Vol Vol. 6 no. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Dohmen ◽  
André Poenitz ◽  
Peter Tittmann
Keyword(s):  
Chromatic Polynomial ◽  
Complete Graphs ◽  
Matching Polynomial ◽  
Independence Polynomial ◽  
Decomposition Formula ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Complete Bipartite Graphs ◽  
Chromatic Symmetric Function ◽  
Broken Circuit ◽  
Edge Decomposition

International audience We present a two-variable polynomial, which simultaneously generalizes the chromatic polynomial, the independence polynomial, and the matching polynomial of a graph. This new polynomial satisfies both an edge decomposition formula and a vertex decomposition formula. We establish two general expressions for this new polynomial: one in terms of the broken circuit complex and one in terms of the lattice of forbidden colorings. We show that the new polynomial may be considered as a specialization of Stanley's chromatic symmetric function. We finally give explicit expressions for the generalized chromatic polynomial of complete graphs, complete bipartite graphs, paths, and cycles, and show that it can be computed in polynomial time for trees and graphs of restricted pathwidth.

scholarly journals A categorification of the chromatic symmetric polynomial

2015 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings, 27th... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radmila Sazdanović ◽  
Martha Yip
Keyword(s):  
Symmetric Function ◽  
Symmetric Polynomial ◽  
Chromatic Polynomial ◽  
Khovanov Homology ◽  
Symmetric Polynomials ◽  
Nous Obtenons ◽  
Combinatorial Properties ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Chromatic Symmetric Function ◽  
Frobenius Series

International audience The Stanley chromatic polynomial of a graph $G$ is a symmetric function generalization of the chromatic polynomial, and has interesting combinatorial properties. We apply the ideas of Khovanov homology to construct a homology $H$<sub>*</sub>($G$) of graded $S_n$-modules, whose graded Frobenius series $Frob_G(q,t)$ reduces to the chromatic symmetric function at $q=t=1$. We also obtain analogues of several familiar properties of the chromatic symmetric polynomials in terms of homology. Le polynôme chromatique symétrique d’un graphe $G$ est une généralisation par une fonction symétrique du polynôme chromatique, et possède des propriétés combinatoires intéressantes. Nous appliquons les techniques de l’homologie de Khovanov pour construire une homologie $H$<sub>*</sub>($G$) de modules gradués $S_n$, dont la série bigraduée de Frobeniusse $Frob_G(q,t)$ réduit au polynôme chromatique symétrique à $q=t=1$. Nous obtenons également des analogies pour plusieurs propriétés connues des polynômes chromatiques en termes d’homologie.

scholarly journals Coloring Rings in Species

2014 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AT,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob White
Keyword(s):  
Directed Graph ◽  
Symmetric Function ◽  
Chromatic Polynomial ◽  
Connected Components ◽  
Expansion Formula ◽  
Strongly Connected Components ◽  
Set Partitions ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Chromatic Symmetric Function

International audience We present a generalization of the chromatic polynomial, and chromatic symmetric function, arising in the study of combinatorial species. These invariants are defined for modules over lattice rings in species. The primary examples are graphs and set partitions. For these new invariants, we present analogues of results regarding stable partitions, the bond lattice, the deletion-contraction recurrence, and the subset expansion formula. We also present two detailed examples, one related to enumerating subgraphs by their blocks, and a second example related to enumerating subgraphs of a directed graph by their strongly connected components.

scholarly journals Improved inclusion-exclusion identities via closure operators

2000 ◽  
Vol Vol. 4 no. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Dohmen
Keyword(s):  
Closure Operator ◽  
Chromatic Polynomial ◽  
Finite Family ◽  
Exclusion Principle ◽  
Closure Operators ◽  
Base Property ◽  
Power Set ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Broken Circuit

International audience Let (A_v)_v ∈ V be a finite family of sets. We establish an improved inclusion-exclusion identity for each closure operator on the power set of V having the unique base property. The result generalizes three improvements of the inclusion-exclusion principle as well as Whitney's broken circuit theorem on the chromatic polynomial of a graph.

scholarly journals On randomly 3-axial graphs

1982 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-206
Author(s):  
Yousef Alavi ◽  
Sabra S. Anderson ◽  
Gary Chartrand ◽  
S.F. Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Bipartite Graphs ◽  
Disjoint Paths ◽  
Complete Graphs ◽  
Initial Vertex ◽  
Complete Bipartite Graphs

A graph G, every vertex of which has degree at least three, is randomly 3-axial if for each vertex v of G, any ordered collection of three paths in G of length one with initial vertex v can be cyclically randomly extended to produce three internally disjoint paths which contain all the vertices of G. Randomly 3-axial graphs of order p > 4 are characterized for p ≢ 1 (mod 3), and are shown to be either complete graphs or certain regular complete bipartite graphs.

Independence polynomial and matching polynomial of the Koch network

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (32) ◽  
pp. 1550234
Author(s):  
Yunhua Liao ◽  
Xiaoliang Xie
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Gas ◽  
Small World ◽  
Partition Functions ◽  
Complete Class ◽  
Dimer Model ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Matching Polynomial ◽  
Independence Polynomial ◽  
Classical Models ◽  
Explicit Formulae

The lattice gas model and the monomer-dimer model are two classical models in statistical mechanics. It is well known that the partition functions of these two models are associated with the independence polynomial and the matching polynomial in graph theory, respectively. Both polynomials have been shown to belong to the “[Formula: see text]-complete” class, which indicate the problems are computationally “intractable”. We consider these two polynomials of the Koch networks which are scale-free with small-world effects. Explicit recurrences are derived, and explicit formulae are presented for the number of independent sets of a certain type.

ON MOSTAR INDEX OF GRAPHS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2115-2129
Author(s):  
P. Kandan ◽  
S. Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Connected Graph ◽  
Cartesian Product ◽  
Bipartite Graphs ◽  
Topological Indices ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Complete Graphs ◽  
Molecular Graphs ◽  
Graphs And Networks ◽  
Complete Bipartite Graphs ◽  
Simple Connected Graph

On the great success of bond-additive topological indices like Szeged, Padmakar-Ivan, Zagreb, and irregularity measures, yet another index, the Mostar index, has been introduced recently as a peripherality measure in molecular graphs and networks. For a connected graph G, the Mostar index is defined as $$M_{o}(G)=\displaystyle{\sum\limits_{e=gh\epsilon E(G)}}C(gh),$$ where $C(gh) \,=\,\left|n_{g}(e)-n_{h}(e)\right|$ be the contribution of edge $uv$ and $n_{g}(e)$ denotes the number of vertices of $G$ lying closer to vertex $g$ than to vertex $h$ ($n_{h}(e)$ define similarly). In this paper, we prove a general form of the results obtained by $Do\check{s}li\acute{c}$ et al.\cite{18} for compute the Mostar index to the Cartesian product of two simple connected graph. Using this result, we have derived the Cartesian product of paths, cycles, complete bipartite graphs, complete graphs and to some molecular graphs.

scholarly journals Strong chromatic index of products of graphs

2007 ◽  
Vol Vol. 9 no. 1 (Graph and Algorithms) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Togni
Keyword(s):  
Cartesian Product ◽  
Complete Graphs ◽  
Chromatic Index ◽  
Induced Matching ◽  
Colour Class ◽  
Strong Chromatic Index ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
International Audience

Graphs and Algorithms International audience The strong chromatic index of a graph is the minimum number of colours needed to colour the edges in such a way that each colour class is an induced matching. In this paper, we present bounds for strong chromatic index of three different products of graphs in term of the strong chromatic index of each factor. For the cartesian product of paths, cycles or complete graphs, we derive sharper results. In particular, strong chromatic indices of d-dimensional grids and of some toroidal grids are given along with approximate results on the strong chromatic index of generalized hypercubes.

scholarly journals A Quasisymmetric Function Generalization of the Chromatic Symmetric Function

10.37236/518 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Humpert
Keyword(s):  
Symmetric Function ◽  
Chromatic Polynomial ◽  
Quasisymmetric Function ◽  
Quasisymmetric Functions ◽  
Acyclic Orientations ◽  
Chromatic Symmetric Function

The chromatic symmetric function $X_G$ of a graph $G$ was introduced by Stanley. In this paper we introduce a quasisymmetric generalization $X^k_G$ called the $k$-chromatic quasisymmetric function of $G$ and show that it is positive in the fundamental basis for the quasisymmetric functions. Following the specialization of $X_G$ to $\chi_G(\lambda)$, the chromatic polynomial, we also define a generalization $\chi^k_G(\lambda)$ and show that evaluations of this polynomial for negative values generalize a theorem of Stanley relating acyclic orientations to the chromatic polynomial.

Some properties about the zero-divisor graphs of quasi-ordered sets

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 2050074
Author(s):  
Junye Ma ◽  
Qingguo Li ◽  
Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Zero Divisor ◽  
Ordered Set ◽  
Line Graph ◽  
Prime Ideals ◽  
Complete Graphs ◽  
Ordered Sets ◽  
Graph Theoretic ◽  
Zero Divisor Graph ◽  
Complete Bipartite Graphs ◽  
Minimal Prime

In this paper, we study some graph-theoretic properties about the zero-divisor graph [Formula: see text] of a finite quasi-ordered set [Formula: see text] with a least element 0 and its line graph [Formula: see text]. First, we offer a method to find all the minimal prime ideals of a quasi-ordered set. Especially, this method is applicable for a partially ordered set. Then, we completely characterize the diameter and girth of [Formula: see text] by the minimal prime ideals of [Formula: see text]. Besides, we perfectly classify all finite quasi-ordered sets whose zero-divisor graphs are complete graphs, star graphs, complete bipartite graphs, complete [Formula: see text]-partite graphs. We also investigate the planarity of [Formula: see text]. Finally, we obtain the characterization for the line graph [Formula: see text] in terms of its diameter, girth and planarity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document