scholarly journals Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in goats in central Algeria

2022 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed El Amine Bennadji ◽  
Nora Mimoune ◽  
Djamel Khalef ◽  
Mustapha Oumouna
Keyword(s):  
Infestation Rate ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Larger Sample

This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in goats in central Algeria. A total of 605 samples of goat faeces were collected from several mixed farms (sheep and goats) in the regions of Médéa, Djelfa, and Ain Defla. Cryptosporidium spp. was detected using the Ziehl-Nelseen technique modified by Henriksen and Polhenz. Cryptosporidium spp. was detected in 103 samples (17.02%). Females accounted for 69.90% of positive samples while males accounted for 30.09% of positive samples (P<0.05). The most infested animals were those aged between 2 months and 7 years (69.99%). Animals under 15 days of age were also very vulnerable to infection (59.25%) (P<0.05); Young goats with diarrhoea infested with Cryptosporidium were noticed in 25% of samples. The infestation rate during autumn was 56.31%, and 43.68% in spring (P<0.05). Post-weaned goats are potential carriers and shedders of the parasite and young are vulnerable to the infection. To conclude, further studies are needed on a larger sample and in other areas to improve our epidemiology knowledge of cryptosporidiosis in goats.

Epidemiological observations on cryptosporidiosis and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in sheep and goats in Kuwait

2018 ◽  
Vol 117 (5) ◽  
pp. 1631-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qais A. H. Majeed ◽  
Osama M. E. El-Azazy ◽  
Nadra-Elwgoud M. I. Abdou ◽  
Zein A. Al-Aal ◽  
Amira I. El-Kabbany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp

Planning the Size of Clinical Trials with Allowance for Patient Noncompliance

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. A. Moussa
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Event Rate ◽  
Survival Functions ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Patient Noncompliance ◽  
Event Rates ◽  
Larger Sample

AbstractVarious approaches are considered for adjustment of clinical trial size for patient noncompliance. Such approaches either model the effect of noncompliance through comparison of two survival distributions or two simple proportions. Models that allow for variation of noncompliance and event rates between time intervals are also considered. The approach that models the noncompliance adjustment on the basis of survival functions is conservative and hence requires larger sample size. The model to be selected for noncompliance adjustment depends upon available estimates of noncompliance and event rate patterns.

Marriage and transnational family life among Somali migrants in Finland

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulki M Al-Sharmani ◽  
Abdirashid A Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Family Obligations ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Transnational Family ◽  
Companionate Marriage ◽  
Spouse Selection ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Married Male

In this article, we investigate how marriage practices of Somali migrants in Finland are influenced by their transnational kinship. We examine how transnational family ties play a role in migrants’ spouse selection, marriage arrangements, and management of spousal resources. We also identify the factors that enable migrants to successfully navigate marital challenges caused by their transnational kin-based ties. These factors are: companionate marriage relationship based on emotional closeness and flexible spousal roles, compatibility in spousal resources, and the cooperation of couples in navigating transnational family obligations. We show how gender and generation are at play (in complex ways) in the interplay between transnational kinship and marriage. We draw on interview data from 16 married male and female interviewees, taken from a larger sample of 37 informants of different marital statuses. Our analysis is also based on data from focus group discussions

Mite infestation rate of pet dogs with ear dermatoses

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
G S Park ◽  
J S Park ◽  
B K Cho ◽  
W K Lee ◽  
J H Cho
Keyword(s):  
Infestation Rate ◽  
Mite Infestation ◽  
Pet Dogs

Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia sp. in aquatic mammals in northern and northeastern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
JCG Borges ◽  
DS Lima ◽  
EM da Silva ◽  
ALO Moreira ◽  
M Marmontel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Aquatic Mammals

Forage palatability of Broussonetia papyrifera an invasive species in Ghana: Relative preference and palatability by sheep and goats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Obour
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Broussonetia Papyrifera ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Relative Preference ◽  
Exotic Tree ◽  
High Level

Broussonetia papyrifera is an exotic tree widely grown for paper production. Due to its prolific regeneration it has invaded forestcanopy gaps and degraded farmlands and has now become an invasive species in Ghana. In enhancing its value for use the plantwas evaluated as potential forage for grazing animals vis-à-vis other two existing forage plants: Ficus exasperata and Leucaenaleucocephala.The study assessed the palatability and preference of Broussonetia papyrifera using sheep and goats for the wet anddry seasons.The species were assessed in indoor pen feeding trials using eight-unit (3×3 m) pens with the cafeteria method.The amount of forage offered was 100g (fresh material) in all instances for each species and for ten minutes. Adesign basedon 3×2×2 factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used to test the differences in palatability betweenthe three forage species.Results revealed that palatability was higher (P<0.05) in Leucaena leucocephala compared with Ficusexasperata and Broussonetia papyrifera for sheep and goats across seasons. The trend shown might be the result of the effectsof familiarity with the Leucaena leucocephala since animals tend to select plants that are familiar than newly introduced andunfamiliar plants. The study also revealed high level of condensed tannin (CT) in Broussonetia papyrifera which might haveinterfered with forage intake by the animals.There were no significant differences in palatability of Broussonetia papyrifera forgoat in both dry and wet season interactions and Ficus exasperata for goat in both dry and wet season interactions (P>0.05).Thestudy concluded that Broussonetia papyrifera could be a potential feed for both sheep and goats across seasons.The researchrecommended that livestock farmers should incorporate Broussonetia papyrifera feed into their programmes for both sheep andgoats and should be introduced to animals from infancy so that it may become a familiar feed for them.

Effectiveness of psychological interventions to improve emotion regulation in youth - a meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Moltrecht ◽  
Jessica Deighton ◽  
Praveetha Patalay ◽  
Julian Childs
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
What Works ◽  
Large Heterogeneity ◽  
Larger Sample

Background: Research investigating the role of emotion regulation (ER) in the development and treatment of psychopathology has increased in recent years. Evidence suggests that an increased focus on ER in treatment can improve existing interventions. Most ER research has neglected young people, therefore the present meta-analysis summarizes the evidence for existing psychosocial intervention and their effectiveness to improve ER in youth. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Twenty-one randomized-control-trials (RCTs) assessed changes in ER following a psychological intervention in youth exhibiting various psychopathological symptoms.Results: We found moderate effect sizes for current interventions to decrease emotion dysregulation in youth (g=-.46) and small effect sizes to improve emotion regulation (g=0.36). Significant differences between studies including intervention components, ER measures and populations studied resulted in large heterogeneity. Conclusion: This is the first meta-analysis that summarizes the effectiveness for existing interventions to improve ER in youth. The results suggest that interventions can enhance ER in youth, and that these improvements correlate with improvements in psychopathology. More RCTs including larger sample sizes, different age groups and psychopathologies are needed to increase our understanding of what works for who and when.

Conducting a Virtual Study with Special Considerations for Working with Persons with Aphasia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashleigh Doub ◽  
Anne Hittson ◽  
Brielle C Stark
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Study Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Quality Check ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Post Assessment ◽  
Larger Sample

Purpose: The use of technology (e.g., telehealth) in clinical settings has rapidly increased and its use in research settings continues to grow. The aim of this report is to provide detailed methods for conducting a multi-timepoint (test-retest) virtual paradigm, assessing lifestyle, physiological, cognitive, and linguistic factors in persons with and without aphasia. Methods: Procedures for virtual assessment are detailed in a sample of non-brain damaged adults (NB; N=24) and persons with aphasia (PWA; N=9) on a test-retest paradigm (data collection approximately 10 +/- 3 days apart). This report provides practical information about pre-assessment (e.g. recruitment, scheduling), assessment (e.g. aphasia-friendly consent presentation, investigator fidelity), and post-assessment (e.g. data storage, quality check) procedures for human behavior research using a virtual platform.Results: Preliminary study data is provided, demonstrating high retention rates and feasibility. Common technological troubles and solutions are discussed, and solutions offered. The results suggest that our pre-assessment, assessment, and post-assessment procedures were core to the success of our study. Conclusion: We provide practical methodology for conducting a multi-timepoint study, with considerations for persons with aphasia, adding to the body of research on telehealth in clinical populations. Future studies should continue to evaluate tele-methodology, which may be core for diversifying studies, improving study retention, and enrolling larger sample sizes.

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