The Development of Japanese as a Heritage Language in the Los Angeles Conurbation

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-356
Author(s):  
Masako O. Douglas ◽  
Hiroko C. Kataoka ◽  
Kiyomi Chinen
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Heritage Language ◽  
Capacity Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of

This paper examines the current status of Japanese as a heritage language (JHL) in the Los Angeles conurbation, applying the Capacity-Opportunity-Desire (COD) framework. After briefly describing the Japanese-American community and the history of JHL education in the United States with a focus on the Los Angeles conurbation, we review research to date on JHL capacity development in JHL schools and the role of the family in JHL development. We then present the results of two studies and analyze factors that contribute to JHL development,reflecting on COD principles. We conclude by presenting suggestions for future research on JHL based on this framework.

scholarly journals The Role of Women in a Family Economy. A Bibliometric Analysis in Contexts of Poverty

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10328
Author(s):  
Víctor Meseguer-Sánchez ◽  
Gabriel López-Martínez ◽  
Valentín Molina-Moreno ◽  
Luis Jesús Belmonte-Ureña
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Object Of Study

The concept of family economy in the context of extreme poverty is of interest when it comes to analyzing the strategies displayed to prevent or reduce the effects of this situation of exclusion. Gender roles in the nucleus of the family institution will indicate the distribution of these tasks, so that we can understand, in the case of the role of women, the specific weight of their actions in this scenario. For this work, an investigation of our object of study was carried out for the period 1968–2019. A bibliometric analysis of 2182 articles was carried out in which the final versions of articles, books, and book chapters whose subject matter was related to the categories of family economy and poverty were included. The most productive journal was the Journal of Development Economics, while World Economies was the most cited. The authors with the most articles were Ravaillon, Sadoulet, and Lanjouw. The most productive institution was the World Bank. The country with the most publications and citations was the United States. Future research should focus on analyzing the role of women within the family economy in the context of poverty. Thus, a line of research is proposed that also includes the proposals from the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals, which means an urgent call for action by all countries.

The Maintenance and Vitality of Hindi in the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-335
Author(s):  
Surendra Gambhir ◽  
Vijay Gambhir
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Heritage Language ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Language Maintenance ◽  
Capacity Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Development Opportunity ◽  
Educational Initiatives ◽  
First And Second Generation

This article examines the current status of Hindi in the United States, following Grin’s and Lo Bianco’s framework of language maintenance and revitalization, based on the principles of Capacity Development, Opportunity Creation, and Desire. It gives linguistic profiles of first-and second-generation speakers of Hindi and looks at the various community, state, federal, and educational initiatives that promote the use and learning of Hindi. A description of current opportunities and the desire to maintain and develop Hindi helps us understand steps needed to maintain and further vitalize Hindi as a heritage language in the United States.

scholarly journals Factors contributing to the Lithuanian language maintenance in emigrant family: a case of US

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
Kristina Jakaitė-Bulbukienė
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Heritage Language ◽  
Language Maintenance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Quantitative Survey ◽  
Her Family ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of

When two languages collide in the context of emigration, the heritage language is in danger of extinction because the two languages are different in size, power, vitality and prestige. The question then arises why some ethnic communities maintain their language, despite the fact that their situation is disadvantageous. The main aim of this paper is to explore specific factors that help maintain the Lithuanian language in the emigrant family.This paper analyses the data collected during the research project The Language of Emigrants. Only a subset of the data that is related to the United States was selected for research. This paper analyses linguistic attitudes of two emigration waves (those who moved after World War II and those who went there after the Restoration of Lithuania’s Independence) and three generations of emigrants. This investigation is based on a quantitative survey (n = 438) and qualitative in-depth semi-standardized interviews (n = 15) from the US (most of them were recorded in May 2012 in Los Angeles, CA).The data from the quantitative survey and in-depth semi-standardized interviews shows that a successful maintaining of the Lithuanian language depends on many factors: historical circumstances, reasons for emigrating, attitude towards Lithuania, perception of identity and roots, knowledge about the history of Lithuania, the history of one’s family, and about Lithuanian traditions. If the attitude towards Lithuania is positive, if it is important for the person to be Lithuanian, if the person is knowledgeable about the history of his/her family and about Lithuanian traditions, the prospects for maintaining the heritage language are favourable.The main reasons to maintain the Lithuanian language are ideological. The data from this research shows that all waves of emigrants find it important that Lithuanian language proficiency helps preserve the Lithuanian language and culture. It is no less important to note that participants have expressed a wish to protect the Lithuanian language; they want to keep it “clear”, “true” and “pure”. Another reason to maintain the Lithuanian language is the wish to have two worlds, two familiar countries and two cultures. Naturally, there are also several practical reasons: it is useful to know several languages, to communicate with Lithuanians in Lithuanian. The Lithuanian community in the US and maintaining ties with it are also very important for language maintenance.

scholarly journals long range weather forecasting—history, current status and outlook1

1968 ◽  
Vol 49 (5-1) ◽  
pp. 438-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome Namias
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Past Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Longe Range ◽  
Adequate Data

Harry Wexler was a close student of developing techniques in the field of long range forecasting, and a contributor to them, realizing that improvement of long range forecasts represents one of the most important goals of meteorology. His scientifically-oriented administrative ability played a large part in enlarging the role of this subject in the United States. Indeed, one of the principal reasons he pioneered in inaugurating the World Weather Watch program was to lay a firmer foundation for long-range forecasting. I was one of many who gained benefit and stimulation from a long friendship with him, and my lecture will recall some of the instances. First, I want to describe the nature of the long range prediction problem as seen through the eyes of a pragmatist, and to present a balanced picture of what is now possible and what may become possible in the next decade or so. One might hope that this 10-year forecast of “weather predictability” will turn out better than a 10-year forecast of the weather itself! Next, I will speak on the history of long range forecasting over the past century, as traced through the work of inventors of synoptic, statistical and physical approaches to the problem. In spite of decades of frustration imposed by lack of adequate data, ignorance of large-scale physical processes, and the absence of intensive and large-scale effort, meteorologists working on longe range problems have made encouraging progress.

Expanding Capacity, Opportunity, and Desire to Learn Korean as a Heritage Language

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-366
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Shin ◽  
Jin Sook Lee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Heritage Language ◽  
Capacity Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Program Staff ◽  
Development Opportunity ◽  
Heritage Students ◽  
Opportunity Creation

Informed by the Capacity development, Opportunity creation, and Desire (COD) framework, this paper examines the current status and future development of Korean as a heritage language in the United States. Compared to a generation ago, the current heritage Korean learner population includes a greater percentage of children who come from homes where Korean is not spoken daily. We explain the importance of understanding the needs of these "non-traditional" heritage students and discuss how parents and heritage program staff are finding innovative ways to create domains for the naturalistic use of Korean and for stimulating children’s desire to learn Korean.

Fragments of the American Dream: Immigration, Race, and Medical Care in the Segregated South, 1929

Public Voices ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
John R Phillips
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Dream ◽  
Black Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Single Woman ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sunflower County

The cover photograph for this issue of Public Voices was taken sometime in the summer of 1929 (probably June) somewhere in Sunflower County, Mississippi. Very probably the photo was taken in Indianola but, perhaps, it was Ruleville. It is one of three such photos, one of which does have the annotation on the reverse “Ruleville Midwives Club 1929.” The young woman wearing a tie in this and in one of the other photos was Ann Reid Brown, R.N., then a single woman having only arrived in the United States from Scotland a few years before, in 1923. Full disclosure: This commentary on the photo combines professional research interests in public administration and public policy with personal interests—family interests—for that young nurse later married and became the author’s mother. From the scholarly perspective, such photographs have been seen as “instrumental in establishing midwives’ credentials and cultural identity at a key transitional moment in the history of the midwife and of public health” (Keith, Brennan, & Reynolds 2012). There is also deep irony if we see these photographs as being a fragment of the American dream, of a recent immigrant’s hope for and success at achieving that dream; but that fragment of the vision is understood quite differently when we see that she began a hopeful career working with a Black population forcibly segregated by law under the incongruously named “separate but equal” legal doctrine. That doctrine, derived from the United States Supreme Court’s 1896 decision, Plessy v. Ferguson, would remain the foundation for legally enforced segregation throughout the South for another quarter century. The options open to the young, white, immigrant nurse were almost entirely closed off for the population with which she then worked. The remaining parts of this overview are meant to provide the following: (1) some biographical information on the nurse; (2) a description, in so far as we know it, of why she was in Mississippi; and (3) some indication of areas for future research on this and related topics.

The Setting

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolette D. Manglos-Weber
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
The United States ◽  
Evangelical Christianity ◽  
Interracial Relations ◽  
Personal Trust ◽  
Conceptual Background ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Religion

This chapter presents the historical and conceptual background to the book’s argument. It starts with a history of Ghana, followed by an analysis of the trends that have led to high levels of out-migration, and then to a description of Ghanaian populations in Chicago. Next, it addresses the concept of social trust in general and personal trust in particular, developing a theory of personal trust as an imaginative and symbolic activity, and analyzing interracial relations through the lens of racialized distrust. It concludes by describing the role of religion in the integration of immigrant groups into the United States and the particular religious frameworks that characterize Charismatic Evangelical Christianity in Ghana.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis D. Stimeling
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Country Music ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Music Culture ◽  
Rich Variety ◽  
Ethnographic Studies ◽  
Folklore Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich

This chapter offers a historiographic survey of country music scholarship from the publication of Bill C. Malone’s “A History of Commercial Country Music in the United States, 1920–1964” (1965) to the leading publications of the today. Very little of substance has been written on country music recorded since the 1970s, especially when compared to the wealth of available literature on early country recording artists. Ethnographic studies of country music and country music culture are rare, and including ethnographic methods in country music studies offers new insights into the rich variety of ways in which people make, consume, and engage with country music as a genre. The chapter traces the influence of folklore studies, sociology, cultural studies, and musicology on the development of country music studies and proposes some directions for future research in the field.

Parenting, Religion, and Moral Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 178-196
Author(s):  
Sam A. Hardy ◽  
David C. Dollahite ◽  
Chayce R. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Moral Development ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adolescent Religiosity ◽  
Faith Traditions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Role Of Religion

The purpose of this chapter is to review research on the role of religion in moral development within the family. We first present a model of the processes involved. Parent or family religiosity is the most distal predictor and affects moral development through its influence on parenting as well as child or adolescent religiosity. Additionally, parenting affects moral development directly, but also through its influence on child or adolescent religiosity. In other words, parent or family religiosity dynamically interconnects with parenting styles and practices, and with family relationships, and these in turn influence moral development directly as well as through child or adolescent religiosity. We also discuss how these processes might vary across faith traditions and cultures, and point to directions for future research.

The Energy Politics of the United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 371-405
Author(s):  
Juliann Emmons Allison ◽  
Srinivas Parinandi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Energy Politics ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
Subnational Governance

This chapter examines the development and politics of US energy policy, with an emphasis on three themes: the distribution of authority to regulate energy between national (or federal) and subnational governments, the relationship between energy and environmental policy and regulation, and the role of climate action in energy politics. It reviews patterns of energy production and consumption; provides an overview of national energy politics; and reviews literatures on federalism and energy politics and policy, the increasing integration of energy and environmental policies, and the politics of energy and climate action. The chapter concludes with a discussion of a future research agenda that underscores the significance of political polarization, subnational governance, and technological innovation for understanding US energy policy.

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