scholarly journals Reservoir Characterization and Modelling with Diagenetic Trends of carbonates of the Kawagarh Formation: A Section exposed in the Kala-Chitta Range, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Wadood ◽  
Muhammad Awais ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Muhammad Ishaq ◽  
Laeiq Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reservoir Characterization ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Hydrocarbon Accumulation ◽  
Rock Unit ◽  
Fold And Thrust Belt ◽  
Reservoir Potentiality ◽  
Reservoir Potential ◽  
North Western

Present study is focused on the diagenetic studies and reservoir characterization of the Cretaceous KawagarhFormation exposed in the Gandab village, Kala-Chitta range, north-western Himalayan Fold-and-Thrust belt, Pakistan.The formation is composed of argillaceous limestone and dark grey marls. A total of thirty-three representativecarbonate rock samples were collected at equal intervals of three meters. Various diagenetic features includingcementation, micritization, pyrite precipitation, neomorphism, fracturing, sparitization and stylolitization were observedin the studied rocks which occur in the marine, meteoric and deep burial diagenetic environments respectively. Suchdiagenetic features control the reservoir quality of the rock unit. Porosity types include mostly vuggy and fracture,while minor stylolitic porosity were noted with quantity ranging from 2.66% to 3.88%. The carbonates of KawagarhFormation are highly fractured, but the filling of these fractures due to precipitation of calcite or micritic mud hasgreatly reduced its reservoir potential, while some unfilled fractures, stylolites and vuggs are the dominant factors thatenhance the reservoir potentiality of the Kawagarh Formation. However, the porosity values still do not mark the levelof reservoir rock. These diagenetic studies revealed very less chances for hydrocarbon accumulation as no significantporosity values have been observed and overall reservoir potential is characterized as poor.

scholarly journals Reservoir Characterization and Modelling with Diagenetic Trends of carbonates of the Kawagarh Formation: A Section exposed in the Kala-Chitta Range, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Bilal Wadood ◽  
Muhammad Awais ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Muhammad Ishaq ◽  
Laeiq Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reservoir Characterization ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Hydrocarbon Accumulation ◽  
Rock Unit ◽  
Fold And Thrust Belt ◽  
Reservoir Potentiality ◽  
Reservoir Potential ◽  
North Western

Present study is focused on the diagenetic studies and reservoir characterization of the Cretaceous KawagarhFormation exposed in the Gandab village, Kala-Chitta range, north-western Himalayan Fold-and-Thrust belt, Pakistan.The formation is composed of argillaceous limestone and dark grey marls. A total of thirty-three representativecarbonate rock samples were collected at equal intervals of three meters. Various diagenetic features includingcementation, micritization, pyrite precipitation, neomorphism, fracturing, sparitization and stylolitization were observedin the studied rocks which occur in the marine, meteoric and deep burial diagenetic environments respectively. Suchdiagenetic features control the reservoir quality of the rock unit. Porosity types include mostly vuggy and fracture,while minor stylolitic porosity were noted with quantity ranging from 2.66% to 3.88%. The carbonates of KawagarhFormation are highly fractured, but the filling of these fractures due to precipitation of calcite or micritic mud hasgreatly reduced its reservoir potential, while some unfilled fractures, stylolites and vuggs are the dominant factors thatenhance the reservoir potentiality of the Kawagarh Formation. However, the porosity values still do not mark the levelof reservoir rock. These diagenetic studies revealed very less chances for hydrocarbon accumulation as no significantporosity values have been observed and overall reservoir potential is characterized as poor.

Physicochemical and bacteriological characterization of hospital effluents and their impact on the environment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Hospital Effluents ◽  
Biological Contaminants ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Direct Discharge ◽  
Significant Chemical

Liquid effluents discharged by hospitals may contain chemical and biological contaminants whose main source is the different substances used for the treatment of patients. This type of rejection can present a sanitary potentially dangerous risk for human health and can provoke a strong degradation of diverse environmental compartments mainly water and soils. The present study focuses on the quality of the liquid effluents of Hassani Abdelkader’s hospital of Sidi Bel-Abbes (West of Algeria). The results reveal a significant chemical pollution (COD: 879 mgO2/L, BOD5: 850 mgO2/L, NH4+ : 47.9 mg/l, NO2- : 4.2 mg/l, NO3- : 56.8 mg/l with respect to WHO standard of 90 mgO2/L, 30 mgO2/L, 0.5 mg/l, 1 mg/l and 1 mg/l respectively). However, these effluents are biodegradable since the ratio COD/BOD5 do not exceeded the value of 2 in almost all samples. The presence of pathogen germs is put into evidence such as pseudomonas, the clostridium, the staphylococcus, the fecal coliforms and fecal streptococcus. These results show that the direct discharge of these effluents constitutes a major threat to human health and the environment.

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