scholarly journals Design and Construction of a Motorized Citrus Juice Extractor

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun O Martins ◽  
Bukola O Bolaji ◽  
Oluwole H Adeyemi ◽  
Olawale M Sanusi
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Extraction Capacity ◽  
Citrus Juice ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Juice Extraction ◽  
Processing Plants

This paper presents the design, construction and performance evaluation of a locally fabricated motorized citrus juice extractor for small and medium scale industry. The fabrication materials for the machine comprises of stainless steel aluminum alloy which is used for the construction of the hopper, compression chamber and collector or receiver. The presser and perforated cylindrical sieve was formed using stainless steel sheet. The power shaft was machined from stainless steel solid shaft; mild steel angle bar was used for the main frame while the transmission pulleys were machined from mild steel material. In selection of materials for the machine critical properties such as toxicity, corrosion and pitting resistance were considered. For power transmission, 4 HP electric motor, V-belt and cast iron ball bearings were used. The performance evaluation of the machine shows that the machine extraction capacity and extraction efficiency are significantly affected by the prime mover speed in revolution per minutes (rpm). The machine efficiency is found to be 84.54 %, average juice extraction capacity is 10.92 cm3/sec or 39.312 lit/h at 600 rpm and the machine capacity is 38.89 kg/h. The production cost of the machine is about N117,800.00  (326 USD) this cost compared with the imported GG-0.5 model of similar capacity which cost about 3150 USD makes the machine considerably acquirable for use by both small and medium scale citrus juice processing plants in Nigeria.  Keywords— Design, Extraction efficiency, Fabrication, Juice extractor, Performance evaluation.

scholarly journals Development and Performance Evaluation of a Manually-Operated Multipurpose Fruit Juice Extractor

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M Odewole ◽  
Kehinde J Falua ◽  
Semiu O Adebisi ◽  
Kabir O Abdullahi
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Outer Cylinder ◽  
Extraction Capacity ◽  
Extraction Chamber ◽  
Juice Yield ◽  
Structural Frame ◽  
Juice Content

A simply and manually-operated multipurpose fruit juice extractor was designed, constructed and its performance was evaluated in terms of juice yield, extraction efficiency, juice content, extraction loss and extraction capacity. The machine has two major parts which are: the extraction chamber and the structural frame. The extraction chamber is made of stainless steel and consists of a turning handle (f24.5 x 400mm), screw rod (f32 x 620 mm), compression plate (f100 mm), perforated inner cylinder (f115 x 180 mm), non-perforated outer cylinder (f120 x 180 mm) and discharge pipe. The structural frame (350 mm x 415 mm x 60 mm) is made of mild steel of U-channel section. The machine basically works on the principle of transmission of compressive force to rupture the juice cells of the fruit for the liberation of juice. Sweet orange, watermelon, red apple, green apple, pineapple, lime, lemon and grape were used for the performance evaluation process. Results obtained showed that pineapple had the highest values of juice yield (68.74%),juice content (66.40%), extraction capacity (92.85 g/min) and extraction efficiency (82.99%) while sweet orange and lime had the lowest extraction loss and extraction capacity of 1.67% and  29.81 (g/min) respectively.

Behavior of Listeria monocytogenes in a Pseudomonas putida Biofilm on a Condensate-Forming Surface

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
ASHRAF N. HASSAN ◽  
DAWN M. BIRT ◽  
JOSEPH F. FRANK
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Microscopic Observation ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Free Surfaces ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Humidity Chamber

Listeria monocytogenes has been isolated from condensate-forming surfaces in food processing plants. The objective of this research was to observe the behavior of L. monocytogenes on condensate-covered stainless steel with a Pseudomonas putida biofilm. L. monocytogenes–containing biofilms, either with or without added chicken protein, were incubated in a high humidity chamber at 12°C to allow formation of condensate. Samples were analyzed for attached and unattached L. monocytogenes and total plate count periodically for 35 days. Samples were also taken for microscopic observation of Listeria and bacterial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). L. monocytogenes attached in significantly greater numbers (>3-log difference) to surfaces with preexisting P. putida biofilms than to Pseudomonas-free surfaces. L. monocytogenes survived in the presence or absence of P. putida with no added nutrients for 35 days, with numbers of survivors in the range of 3 to 4 log CFU/cm2 in the presence of P. putida and less than 2.9 log CFU/cm2 in pure culture. Attached and unattached L. monocytogenes were at similar levels throughout the incubation under all conditions studied. The addition of protein to the biofilms allowed growth of L. monocytogenes in pure culture during the first 7 days of incubation. Numbers of L. monocytogenes were not affected by the presence of P. putida when protein was present. Unattached L. monocytogenes were at levels of 3.6 to 6.7 log CFU/cm2 on the protein-containing surfaces. Microscopic observation of the condensate-covered biofilms indicated that L. monocytogenes formed microcolonies embedded within an EPS matrix over a 28-day period. This research demonstrates that L. monocytogenes can survive on condensate-forming stainless steel in low and high nutrient conditions, with or without the presence of Pseudomonas biofilm. The Listeria can detach and, therefore, have the potential to contaminate product.

Grinding With Abrasive Disks: Part 4—Grinding Power and Temperatures

1962 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Mohun
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Ultimate Shear Strength ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Grinding Efficiency ◽  
Grinding Power ◽  
Performance And Mechanism

Variations in power during disk grinding have been explained and equations developed to represent the power in terms of the grinding variables. It has been shown that depth of cut is below the critical magnitude so that ultimate shear strength of the metal is involved for all but the initial 30 to 120 seconds of grinding. It has also been shown that the coefficient of friction is higher against stainless steel than against mild steel, and that the basic differences in performance and mechanism on these two metals originate in this property. Photomicrographs of microflats are shown. The mechanism of microdressing is explained in terms of thermal shock and mechanical impact in relation to the effect of applied load upon grinding efficiency.

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