scholarly journals ‘ON MONDAY AFTERNOONS WE GO TO DISCOVER THE WORLD!’: UNDERSTANDING A TRADITIONAL ITALIAN PRIMARY SCHOOL’S ADAPTATION TO A STUDENT-DRIVEN APPROACH TO LEARNING / IL LUNEDÌ POMERIGGIO ANDIAMO A SCOPRIRE IL MONDO: MODIFICAZIONI NELL’APPROCCIO SCOLASTICO TRADIZIONALE A FAVORE DI PERCORSI D’APPRENDIMENTO GUIDATI DAGLI ALUNNI IN UNA SCUOLA PRIMARIA ITALIANA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Bortolotti ◽  
Simon Beames

Across the globe, increasing attention is being paid to curricular learning outside the classroom. While there is no Italian national outdoor learning policy, there is a growing wave of lecturers, teachers, schools, environmental education centres, who are developing this field. This paper examines one rural primary school’s attempts to incorporate learning outside the classroom into their rather conventional teaching practices. Michael Fullan’s seven premises of ‘change knowledge’ are employed to lend a deeper interrogation of the findings. Since the boundaries of inquiry were so clear, in terms of context, space-time, and people, a case study design was used. Data generation featured two principal methods and took place over a six-year period. First, there were open-ended interviews with each of the two principal educators; two focus group interviews with the entire staff team; and large focus groups with senior pupils. Field notes from participant observation and informal conversations were also used. The findings highlighted the importance of alliances between teachers, parents, and the wider community; the need for pupils to have the power to shape what is being learned; and the value of having pupil groups with different ages and abilities. The teachers stressed how crucial it was for pupils to learn how to critically refine the questions they were asking about their ‘places’. Further analysis of the data showed that Fullan’s premises of motivation and commitment, learning in context, capacity building, and persistence and flexibility were especially present. A livello globale, si registra un crescente interesse nello sviluppare il curriculum scolastico all’aperto. In Italia, pur non essendoci un diretto interesse da parte di organizzazioni centrali, si assiste comunque ad un’ondata di docenti, insegnanti, scuole, centri di educazione ambientale, che stanno vieppiù sviluppando questo settore. Il presente lavoro esamina gli sforzi di una scuola elementare rurale, al fine d’inserire l'apprendimento all’aperto nelle proprie pratiche didattiche, generalmente piuttosto convenzionali. Le sette premesse di Michael Fullan per "cambiare la conoscenza" sono state utilizzate per riflettere a fondo sui risultati ottenuti. Poiché i confini dell’indagine qui sviluppata erano molto chiari in termini di contesto spazio-temporale e personale, è stato adottato l’approccio dello “studio di caso”. I dati sono stati raccolti nell'arco di sei anni, attraverso due metodi principali. In primo luogo, si sono utilizzate interviste approfondite con ciascuno dei due insegnanti principali della scuola; due incontri di focus group con l'intero corpo insegnante; e focus group allargati a tutti gli alunni. Inoltre, sono state raccolte numerose note di campo provenienti sia dall'osservazione dei partecipanti, sia da conversazioni informali. In generale, i risultati hanno evidenziato l'importanza dell’alleanza tra insegnanti, genitori e con la comunità locale; la necessità che gli alunni abbiano la possibilità di essere coinvolti nella definizione dei contenuti d’apprendimento; il valore dei gruppi d’alunni con età e capacità diverse. Gli insegnanti hanno sottolineato quanto sia cruciale che gli alunni imparino ad affinare criticamente le domande che si ponevano sui loro "luoghi". Un'ulteriore analisi dei dati ha mostrato che le premesse di Fullan su motivazione, impegno, apprendimento nel contesto, sviluppo delle capacità, continuità e flessibilità, siano particolarmente presenti. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0720/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 141-166
Author(s):  
Jhonatan Vásquez-Guarnizo ◽  
Maribel Chía-Ríos ◽  
Mairon Felipe Tobar-Gómez

This article reports a case study conducted with twelve students from the Modern/Foreign Languages program at a public university in Colombia. It sought to unveil EFL Student’s perceptions on Gender Stereotypes through three different moments. At first, students expressed their thoughts after being exposed to a film. Then, their point of views were heard through the exposure of some before/now photographs; and lastly, they provided their insights through their own artwork. Data was gathered through focus group interviews, field notes and students’ artifacts. Findings showed that students’ perceptions on gender stereotypes differ from their past generations and the way they see their future have made their minds change over the time.


2020 ◽  
pp. 115-160
Author(s):  
Robyn M. Holmes

Chapter 4 explores different ways to engage in cultural research. It discusses qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches, including the advantages and disadvantages to particular methods. These methods include experiments, surveys, case studies, individual and focus group interviews, participant observation, naturalistic observation, and visual methods. It addresses conceptual and measurement equivalence, probability and nonprobability sampling, situation sampling, priming studies, and unpacking culture. It also examines concerns in cross-cultural survey research, including equivalence and translation issues, and response, moderacy, and acquiescence biases. This chapter includes a case study, Culture Across Disciplines box, chapter summary, key terms, a What Do Other Disciplines Do? section, thought-provoking questions, and class and experiential activities.


Dementia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 930-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Lillekroken ◽  
Solveig Hauge ◽  
Åshild Slettebø

Research literature in the dementia field lacks examples of ‘best-practices’ demonstrating concretely how it is possible to support the sense of coherence in people with dementia. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the nurses’ views concerning a caring approach that may support the sense of coherence in people with dementia. The data were collected through participant observation and focus group interviews during a four-month period in 2011. Sixteen registered nurses recruited from two Norwegian nursing homes participated in this study. The data were interpreted using a phenomenological-hermeneutical method. Three themes were identified: ‘being in the moment’, ‘doing one thing at a time’, and ‘creating joy and contentment’. An overall interpretation of these themes is described by the metaphor ‘slow nursing’, a caring approach that may lead to supporting the sense of coherence in people with dementia.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-237
Author(s):  
Rosyanne Louise Autran Lourenço ◽  
Eliana Barbosa dos Santos

Este artigo visa a apresentar, sob uma perspectiva ecológica de letramento, resultados da análise de práticas sociodiscursivas do processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Português Língua de Acolhimento, de imigrantes refugiados no Brasil, realizadas por meio do WhatsApp. Teoricamente, o estudo circunscreve-se às dimensões analíticas de letramento (MOREAU et al., 2013), sob a perspectiva ecológica dos estudos linguísticos (VAN LIER, 2004, 2010), fundamentando-se em pressupostos referentes aos recursos multimodais das tecnologias digitais (LEFFA, 2006; MORAN, 2013) e à função mediadora da linguagem (VIGOTSKI, 1971), em especial, do Português Língua de Acolhimento (BARBOSA; SÃO BERNARDO, 2017) e de suas implicações referentes à noção de afetividade (LEITE, 2012). Metodologicamente, trata-se de estudo qualitativo de caso (STAKE, 1994), de base etnográfica virtual (SANTOS; GOMES, 2013) cuja geração dos dados ocorreu por meio de observação participante (BOGDAN; BIKLEN, 1998) e notas de campo (FETTERMAN, 1998). Sua relevância reside na urgência no processo de imersão de imigrantes refugiados em práticas sociodiscursivas que viabilizem a obtenção de condições mínimas de vida digna e a garantia de autonomia em sua agência no país de destino (COSTA; TAÑO, 2018). Os resultados da pesquisa sugerem que a abordagem ecológica de práticas de letramento em ambiente virtual amplia a compreensão das articulações inerentes ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem de línguas, propiciando ao docente melhores condições de promover a autonomia dos estudantes, em contexto de imigração, na condução de soluções que atendam às suas necessidades mais prementes, voltadas para as práticas sociais de imersão no país de chegada.   This article aims to present, in the light of an ecological perspective of literacy, the results of the analysis of sociodiscursive practices of the teaching-learning process of Portuguese as a Host Language, through WhatsApp by refugee immigrants in Brazil. Theoretically, the study is limited to the ecological perspective of linguistic studies (VAN LIER, 2004, 2010) and analytical literacy dimensions (MOREAU ET AL., 2013) based on assumptions regarding the multimodal resources of digital technologies (LEFFA, 2006; MORAN, 2013) and the mediating function of language (VIGOTSKI, 2009) in particular the Portuguese Host Language (BARBOSA; SÃO BERNARDO, 2017) and its implications regarding the notion of affectivity (LEITE, 2012). Methodologically, it is a qualitative case study (STAKE, 1994) with a virtual ethnographic basis (SANTOS; GOMES, 2013) whose data generation occurred through participant observation (BOGDAN; BIKLEN, 1998) and field notes (FETTERMAN, 1998). Its relevance resides in the urgency in the process of refugee immigrants sociodiscursive practices that make it possible to obtain minimum conditions of dignified life and guarantee autonomy at their agency in the destination country (COSTA; TAÑO, 2018). The research results suggest that the ecological approach to literacy practices in a virtual environment broadens the understanding of the articulations inherent to the language teaching-learning process, providing the teacher better conditions to promote the autonomy of the students in the context of immigration, in driving solutions that meet their pressing sociodiscursive needs, focused on social immersion practices in the country of arrival.


2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya Beukes ◽  
Anna G.W. Nolte ◽  
Ebin Arries

Clinical community health facilities where undergraduate students are placed for their practical work in community nursing science are dynamic and have undergone major transformation over the past few years. In the clinical field, community nurses and undergraduate students are representative of the different races and language and ethnic groups in the South African population, with each group espousing different value systems. Both parties – students and community nurses – report that, due to these differences, value conflicts are experienced during clinical accompaniment and that this has negative effects on clinical learning in community nursing science.The goal of this study was to explore and describe the experiences of students with regard to value-sensitive clinical accompaniment in the community nursing environment. An exploratory, descriptive and contextual design was used. Interactions between community nurses and students during clinical accompaniment were explored for value sensitivity by means of video recordings,participant observation and focus group interviews. Data were collected by means of video recordings, participant observation and focus group interviews. The data were analysed and coded by the researcher and the external coder, using an inductive descriptive method to identify important segments of the regularity of behaviour. The focus group interviews were transcribed, analysed and coded by the researcher and the external coder, using Tesch’s steps of analysis (Creswell 1994:155–156).Lincoln and Guba’s criteria (1985:290) for trustworthiness were applied to the study.The general findings indicate that clinical accompaniment in community nursing is not value sensitive and, as a result, guidelines for value-sensitive clinical accompaniment need to be developed for undergraduate students in the community nursing environment. The following values (values for which guidelines need to be developed) were identified: respect during clinical accompaniment,value-sensitive communication and sensitivity to the quality of clinical accompaniment.OpsommingKliniese gemeenskapsgesondheidsfasiliteite waar voorgraadse studente geplaas word vir gemeenskapsverpleegkundepraktika is dinamies en het groot veranderinge oor die laaste paar jare ondergaan. In die kliniese veld verteenwoordig gemeenskapsverpleegkundiges en voorgraadse studente verskillende rasse en taal- en etniese groepe in die Suid-Afrikaanse bevolking, elkeen met verskillende waardes. Albei partye – studente en gemeenskapsverpleegkundiges – het gerapporteer dat waardekonflik weens verskillende kulture en waardes tydens kliniese begeleiding ervaar word,wat kliniese leer op sy beurt in gemeenskapsverpleegkunde negatief beïnvloed.Die doel van die studie was om die belewenis van studente met betrekking tot waardesensitiewe kliniese begeleiding in gemeenskapsverpleegkunde te verken en te beskryf. ’n Verkennende, beskrywende en kontekstuele ontwerp is gebruik. Die interaksie wat tussen die gemeenskapsverpleegkundiges en studente tydens kliniese begeleiding plaasgevind het, is vir waardesensitiwiteit deur middel van video opnames, deelnemerobservasie en fokusgroeponderhoude verken. Die data wat deur middel van video-opnames en deelnemerobservasie ingesamel is, is deur die navorser en ’n eksterne kodeerder ontleed en gekodeer.’n Induktiewe beskrywende metode is gebruik om belangrike segmente van die gereeldheid van gedrag te identifiseer en beskryf. Fokusgroeponderhoude is deur die navorsers en ’n eksterne kodeerder getranskribeer, ontleed en gekodeer deur gebruik te maak van Tesch se stappe van analise (Creswell 1994:155–156). Lincoln en Guba (1985:290) se kriteria vir geloofwaardigheid is in die studie gebruik.Die algemene bevindinge dui daarop dat kliniese begeleiding in gemeenskapsverpleegkunde nie waarde-sensitief is nie. Gevolglik moet riglyne vir waarde-sensitiewe kliniese begeleiding vir voorgraadse studente in gemeenskapsverpleegkunde ontwikkel word. Die volgende waardes(waardes waarvoor riglyne ontwikkel moet word) is geïdentifiseer, naamlik respek tydens kliniese begeleiding, waarde-sensitiewe kommunikasie en sensitiwiteit vir gehalte van kliniese begeleiding.


2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna L. Goodwin ◽  
E. Jane Watkinson

The study describes the phenomenon of inclusive physical education from the perspective of students with disabilities. The experience of 9 elementary school-aged students with physical disabilities (6 males and 3 females with a mean age of 11 years, 1 month) was captured by way of focus group interviews, field notes, and participant drawings. The thematic analysis uncovered a persistent dichotomy in how the participants experienced physical education. Good days were revealed in the themes of sense of belonging, skillful participation, and sharing in the benefits. Bad days were overshadowed by negative feelings revealed in the themes of social isolation, questioned competence, and restricted participation. The students’ experiences were discussed within the conceptual framework of ecological perception and affordance theory (Gibson, 1977, 1979).


Author(s):  
Ingrid Weiland ◽  
Elisa Pokral ◽  
Kristin Cook

This chapter describes a project-based learning unit on sustainability that was implemented in a fourth grade classroom by an informal educator (the second author) employed by a local waste management district. Previous instruction by the informal educator consisted of one-hour lessons that were separate units lacking the project-based learning format and transition links. This chapter describes a mixed-method case study in which pre and posttest tests as well as focus group interviews assessed students' learning as a result of participating in a cohesive project-based learning unit designed by the authors. There was a statistically significant change (p<0.05) in students' pre to posttest scores, and focus group interviews indicated that students could elaborate much more deeply on their ideas about sustainability after the program. The authors conclude that project-based learning can support students' understandings of sustainability while providing an engaging and enriching format to informal educator programs.


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