scholarly journals All Mermaids are Black

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
Teju Adisa-Farrar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Black People ◽  
Middle Passage ◽  
Liminal Space ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Affirmation Of Life ◽  
Black Life

"When the giant wave comes washing over our bodies Black people will become mermaids, and indigenoous people will become seeds. What will you become?" ​ Black people's connection to water is both an affirmation of life and a memorial of death. In Christina Sharpe's wake, Black life exists in the liminal space... on the currents left on the tops of water by ships. We have found our freedom in water, and have survived disaster by water. We live where the sea level is rising. Rather than understanding climate change as another form of destruction to Black life, what if we reimagine the middle passage as preparing us for life after the sea level rises and takes back the earth.

scholarly journals Climate change in the recent geological past and the near future. Predicting its impacts: a Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Constantinos Perisoratis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Geological Past ◽  
Near Future

The climate changes are necessarily related to the increase of the Earth’s temperature, resulting in a sea level rise. Such continuous events, were taking place with minor and greater intensity, during the alternation of warm and cool periods in the Earth during the Late Quaternary and the Holocene periods. However, a particularly significant awareness has taken place in the scientific community, and consequently in the greater public, in the last decades: that a climatic change will take place soon, or it is on-going, and that therefore it is important to undertake drastic actions. However, such a climatic change has not been recorded yet, and hence the necessary actions are not required, for the time being.

Long-term observations at the Geodynamic Observatory Moxa: Can we identify evidence for climate change?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelius Schwarze ◽  
Thomas Jahr ◽  
Andreas Goepel ◽  
Valentin Kasburg ◽  
Nina Kukowski
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Optical Fibre ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Subsurface Temperature ◽  
Loading Effect ◽  
Tidal Waves ◽  
The Earth

<p>Longterm geophysical recordings of natural Earth’s parameters besides other signals also may contain past and ongoing temperature fluctuations, as they are occurring e.g. when groundwater moves or when climate changes. Similarly, repeated logs or continuous recordings reveal the amount of ongoing climate fluctuations. However, such thermal signals in the subsurface also may have other causes, e.g. groundwater motion or fluid infiltration after strong rainfall events. The Geodynamic Observatory Moxa of the Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Germany, is an ideal test site for long-term monitoring of the subsurface temperature distribution in boreholes using optical fibre temperature-sensing, as it is equipped with a variety of complementary sensors.</p><p>A 100 m deep borehole on the ground of the Observatory, is equipped with an optical fibre and a water level gauge. Clearly shown in the records of the first five years of continuous recordings are seasonal temperature fluctuations. Seasonal fluctuations could be identified down to a depth of about 20 m and diurnal temperature signals down to 1.2 m. Precipitation events may influence subsurface temperature still in a depth as deep as 15 m. Besides these, temperature anomalies were detected at two depths, 20 m and 77 m below the surface. These anomalies most probably result from enhanced groundwater flow in aquifers. Recordings of deformation from laser strain meter systems installed in a gallery at Moxa, which are highly sensitive to pore pressure fluctuations, and measuring the physical properties during drilling the borehole, help to identify and quantify the causes of the observed  temperature fluctuations.</p><p>For more than 20 years variations of the Earth’s gravity field have been observed at the Observatory Moxa employing the superconducting gravimeter CD-034. Besides the free oscillations of the Earth and hydrological effects, the tides of the solid Earth are the strongest signals found in the time series. Tidal analysis of the main constituents leads to obtaining the indirect effect for all tidal waves which is mainly controlled by the loading effect of the oceans. Satellite altimetry revealed a mean global sea level rise of about 3.3 mm/a which may be caused amongst others mainly by ice melting processes in the polar regions. However, more detailed analyses and resulting global maps show that the sea level rise is not uniformly distributed over all oceans. This means that actual and future tidal water mass movements could vary regionally and even locally.  As a consequence, the tidal parameter controlled by the ocean loading effect could change over long-term observation periods and it should possibly be detectable as a trend or temporal variation of the tidal gravity parameters locally. Actually, a long-term change of the tidal parameters is observed for the main tidal waves like K1 and O1 in the diurnal and for M2 and K2 in the semi-diurnal frequency band. However, it is not clear if these changes can be correlated with sea level changes as observed from satellite data. On the other hand, surface and subsurface temperature fluctuations directly reveal the size of the thermal signal inherent to climate change.</p>

IBSE approach to study climate change from 90 degrees

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Lugaro
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Climate System ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
The Earth

<p> </p><p>Scientific evidence of climate warming is today clear and well admitted within the scientific community. It is crucial to educate students about the climate crisis we are facing and the consequences that will occur at global level. Climate science is a complex topic, involving a cross-curricular learning experience linking biology, geology, physics and chemistry.  Within such a complex theme, Polar Science plays a crucial role to understand how global warming and climate change are affecting and will affect our planet. Polar Regions are indeed among the most fragile and vulnerable areas, regulating the equilibrium of the whole planet, and the effects of global warming are already showing great changes in these regions.</p><p>In this work, the IBSE (Inquiry Based Science Education) approach has been proposed to 14-16 years old students, to analyse how climate change is affecting the North Pole and South Pole, and which are the effects on the planet. Within this approach, students work independently, learning through experiments planned by themselves about the key role the Polar Regions play in the Earth’s climate system. They conducted some experiments regarding two major processes that contribute to sea level rise, by establishing whether land ice, sea ice or both contributes to sea level rise, and by determining whether the warming of the oceans contributes to sea level rise.</p><p>This test has shown valuable results about the involvement of the students and their understanding of the processes occurring at the Polar Regions and their links with the whole Earth’s climate system. With the IBSE approach, students practice and experiment several   skills they do not usually use such as working in a team, communicate and interact with other students to answer question, formulate hypothesis, share their ideas and collaborate in a group to find methodologies and possible solutions. Moreover, the design of the experiments made up by themselves has revealed to be a major advance to make the students more aware of the key role the Polar Regions play in the Earth’s climate system. IBSE approach, student-centered and problem-centered, has confirmed to be a valuable tool to encourage creativity, innovation and collaboration in the classroom, engaging and motivating pupils.</p><p> </p>

Note on Selection of Coordinate Systems for Geodynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Static Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.

Religion in the Age of the Anthropocene

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianne F. Conty
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Human Exceptionalism ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Contemporary Christian ◽  
Genesis 1 ◽  
Forms Of Life

Though responses to the Anthropocene have largely come from the natural and social sciences, religious responses to the Anthropocene have also been gaining momentum and many scholars have been calling for a religious response to complement scientific responses to climate change. Yet because Genesis 1:28 does indeed tell human beings to ‘subdue the earth’ monotheistic religions have often been understood as complicit in the human exceptionalism that is thought to have created the conditions for the Anthropocene. In distinction to such Biblical traditions, indigenous animistic cultures have typically respected all forms of life as ‘persons’ and such traditions have thus become a source of inspiration for ecological movements. After discussing contemporary Christian efforts to integrate the natural sciences and the environment into their responses to the Anthropocene, this article will turn to animism and seek to evaluate the risks and benefits that could ensue from a postmodern form of animism that could provide a necessary postsecular response to the Anthropocene.

scholarly journals Economic damages from Hurricane Sandy attributable to sea level rise caused by anthropogenic climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin H. Strauss ◽  
Philip M. Orton ◽  
Klaus Bittermann ◽  
Maya K. Buchanan ◽  
Daniel M. Gilford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
East Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hurricane Sandy ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Anthropogenic Climate Change ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Sea Levels

AbstractIn 2012, Hurricane Sandy hit the East Coast of the United States, creating widespread coastal flooding and over $60 billion in reported economic damage. The potential influence of climate change on the storm itself has been debated, but sea level rise driven by anthropogenic climate change more clearly contributed to damages. To quantify this effect, here we simulate water levels and damage both as they occurred and as they would have occurred across a range of lower sea levels corresponding to different estimates of attributable sea level rise. We find that approximately $8.1B ($4.7B–$14.0B, 5th–95th percentiles) of Sandy’s damages are attributable to climate-mediated anthropogenic sea level rise, as is extension of the flood area to affect 71 (40–131) thousand additional people. The same general approach demonstrated here may be applied to impact assessments for other past and future coastal storms.

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