scholarly journals Nasal Carriage of Staphylococci among Health Care Workers and Impact of Conventional Decolonisation Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Chiranjib Das ◽  
Ranadeep Ghosh ◽  
Kingshuk Dhar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Route Of Transmission

Introduction Staphylococci are one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections. The principal route of transmission of Staphylococci is the contaminated hands of health care workers (HCWs). Staphylococci can also be found as part of the nasal microbiota without causing overt disease. So we undertake the present study to estimate the prevalence of asymptomatic nasal carriage of Staphylococci among HCWs and impact of conventional decolonisation methods in a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal. Materials and Methods Nasal swabs were collected from anterior nares of HCWs for culture and antibiotic sensitivity test on day one. HCWs who were found to be carriers of Staphylococci were advised to apply mupirocin ointment to anterior nares twice daily along with chlorhexidinegluconate bath once daily for five days. All HCWs were also advised to practice standard hygiene protocol. All of them were re-tested for nasal swab culture and antibiotic sensitivity on day seven and day twenty eight. Results Nasal carriage of Staphylococci in the first, second and third culture report was found to be 64.28%, 7.14% and 24.49% respectively. Cefotaxime, cotrimoxazole and erythromycin were least effective against Staphylococci. There was variable sensitivity to clindamycin, gentamycin and ciprofloxacin. All strains of Staphylococci were highly sensitive to linezolid. All strains of Staphylococci except MRSA were highly sensitive to vancomycin. Conclusion The present study re-establishes the fact that HCWs carry Staphylococci in their nose in significantly high proportion. So different measures should be undertaken to minimise Staphylococci related nosocomial infections.

scholarly journals Mupirocin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Nasal Swabs of ICU and OT Staff- A Study from A Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sapna Chauhan ◽  
Surender ◽  
Tony J Rappai
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Mupirocin Resistance

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the common causes of Healthcare-associated infection. Staphylococcus colonizes the anterior nares of the nose and tends to disseminate and secondarily colonize several other body sites including the skin and the gut. Colonized hospital personnel may be an important factor in dissemination. Staphylococcus aureus to patients and vice-versa. Mupirocin is an excellent topical anti-staphylococcal antimicrobial agent used for eradicating nasal carriage. Resistance to Mupirocin is a threat for future use of this drug in eliminating nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the rate of Mupirocin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus isolated from nasal swabs of Health care workers (HCWs ) of Operation Theatres (OTs) and Intensive Care Units (ICUs). A single nasal swab was collected from both the anterior nares of participating health care workers of ICU and OT once at the end of their shift. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of Staphylococcus aureus to various antibiotics was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method using CLSI guidelines. High and low-level Mupirocin resistance was determined. Among 282 nasal swabs collected, Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 62 samples. Of Staphylococcus aureus 19 came out to be Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and the remaining 43 Methicillin sensitive (MSSA). Mupirocin resistance was seen in 3 MRSA strains and 1 MSSA strain. Thus, overall 4/62 (6.5%) strains were MupR strains. Mupirocin is the most effective antibiotic used against colonization of Staphylococcus aureus in anterior nares. Resistance to this antibiotic is thus an alarm as well as a matter of great concern. Necessary steps, policies and guidelines need to be framed to stop the spread of this resistance.

scholarly journals Screening for nasal carriage Staphylococcus aureus and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern among the health care workers in a tertiary care hospital, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Beena Jha ◽  
J Sapkota ◽  
M Sharma ◽  
B Mishra ◽  
CP Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Care Workers

Background: The presence of Staphylococcus aureus in anterior nares of health care workers may serve as a major source of infection in hospital environment and act as a reservoir for the spread of Methicillin Resistant S. aureus between patients.Objective: The present study was conducted to determine the frequency of nasal carriage of S. aureus among the health care workers of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital and to assess the antibioticsusceptibility patterns of the Methicillin Resistant S. aureus isolates.Methodology: A total of 200 health care workers involved in the management of patients from the intensive care unit, Operation Theatre, postoperative wards, different wards and emergency department were screened for S. aureus by collecting their nasal swabs.Results: Out of 200 health care workers, only 10(5%) were S. aureus nasal carriers. Out of 10 S. aureus strains isolated six (60%) were methicillin sensitive S. aureuswhereas four (40%) were methicillin resistant S. aureus. The isolates were 100% sensitive to Linezolid, Vancomycin and Amikacin but showed highest resistant to Azithromycin (100%), followed by Cefixime (60%).Conclusion: This study concluded that 5% of health care workers were S. aureus carriers and proportion of Methicillin Resistant S. aureus and Methicillin sensitive S. aureus was 60% and 40% respectively.Journal of Kathmandu Medical CollegeVol. 7, No. 2, Issue 24, Apr.-Jun., 2018, page: 64-67

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