scholarly journals Firm Funding and Investment under Bank Credit Control Policy: Evidence from China

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-134
Author(s):  
Xiaochen Fu
Keyword(s):  
Trade Credit ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Credit Rationing ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Amplifying Effect ◽  
Financing Gap ◽  
Regulatory Commission

Using the 2014 China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) credit control policy as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper demonstrates that credit supply contraction leads to a significant reduction in firm’s external funding, cash holding, and investment. Analysis of both loan-level and corporate-level data reveal that new bank loans issuance of targeted firms dropped significantly after the regulation. State-owned banks are identified as the main policy implementer. By instrumenting the change of loans issuance with the policy shock, I further discover the amplifying effect of large declines in bond issuance and trade credit for the targeted firms. Cash holdings were used to cushion the financing gap. Investment dropped and inefficient investment increased due to the shock. Interestingly, whereas such impacts were significant for non-state owned enterprises, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) were barely affected. Overall, I conclude that the lending control policy led to less capital resources allocated to non-SOEs but not SOEs. JEL classification numbers: G21, G28, G32, G38. Keywords: Bank lending, Firm funding, Firm investment, SOBs, SOEs, Credit policy, Credit rationing.

scholarly journals Corporate Resilience to Banking Crises: The Roles of Trust and Trade Credit

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1441-1477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Levine ◽  
Chen Lin ◽  
Wensi Xie
Keyword(s):  
Trade Credit ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Banking Crises ◽  
Bank Lending Channel ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Informal Finance ◽  
Lending Channel ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Corporate Profits

Are firms more resilient to systemic banking crises in economies with higher levels of social trust? Using firm-level data in 34 countries from 1990 through 2011, we find that liquidity-dependent firms in high-trust countries obtain more trade credit and suffer smaller drops in profits and employment during banking crises than similar firms in low-trust economies. The results are consistent with the view that when banking crises block the normal bank-lending channel, greater social trust facilitates access to informal finance, cushioning the effects of these crises on corporate profits and employment.

scholarly journals MODERN PROBLEMS OF BANK LENDING OF ENTERPRISES OF THE AGRICULTURAL COMPLEX OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (39) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
S. Arzhevitin ◽  
B. Stetsenko ◽  
I. Okhrymenko ◽  
A. Bilochenko ◽  
V. Biloshapka
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Credit Programs

Abstract. The purpose of the article is to identify the main factors that constrain lending to enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine, to suggest ways to improve their lending system. A systematic approach was chosen as the methodological basis of the study, which provides for a comprehensive study of the bank lending system of the agro-industrial complex. Historical and structural-functional approaches were also used in its analysis. Methods of comparative analysis were used to consider some problems of bank lending to the agro-industrial complex. Of the general scientific methods in this study, methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction were used. The article examines the dynamics and structure of loans to the agro-industrial complex in Ukraine for 2015-2020; the dynamics of interest rates on loans to the agro-industrial complex and the dynamics of agricultural production by UAH 1. credit provision of the agro-industrial complex in Ukraine for 2015-2020. During the analyzed period, these indicators increase or decrease proportionally, as evidenced by the importance of the efficiency of credit support of the agar sector. In 2020, the efficiency of credit provision of the agricultural sector amounted to UAH 11.64, which is UAH 0.4 more than in 2015. The analysis revealed that the agro-industrial complex today has a high need for financial resources. The characteristic of the main problems of the mechanism of crediting of an agro-industrial complex is given. The need to ensure the availability of bank loans has been identified. Stimulating investment lending to agricultural enterprises will have a positive impact on the development of the industry, as well as improve the existing economic situation of rural residents. High demand for credit resources from agricultural producers, the current state and dynamics of lending to the agro-industrial complex in Ukraine allow us to conclude that it is necessary to improve the mechanism of bank loans, develop effective credit products for the agro-industrial complex and strengthen state support for agricultural lending. Keywords: credit, banks, enterprises of the agro-industrial complex, credit programs for the agro-industrial complex. JEL classification G21, Q14 Formulas: 0; fig.:3; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 15.

scholarly journals The Bank Lending Channel of Monetary Policy? The Panel Evidence from Egypt

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Aseel Shokr ◽  
Zulkefly Abdul Karim ◽  
Mansor Jusoh ◽  
Mohd. Azlan Shah Shah Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Bank Loan ◽  
Bank Lending Channel ◽  
Lending Channel ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Effect Of Monetary Policy

This paper examines the relevance of the bank lending channel of monetary policy in Egypt using bank-level data. Previous empirical studies in Egypt that used macro-level data have not supported the relevance of the bank lending channel. However, using a sample of 32 commercial banks for the period from 1998 until 2011 and a dynamic panel GMM technique, the empirical findings revealed the relevance of the bank lending channel of monetary policy in Egypt. Moreover, there is a heterogeneity effect of monetary policy on bank loans according to bank size, in which the small banks are more affected during a monetary contraction than larger banks. This finding signals that the monetary authorities in Egypt should take cognizance of the stability of interest rates in order to stabilize the bank loan supply.       

Financial Access of Latin America and Caribbean Firms: What Are the Roles of Institutional, Financial, and Economic Development?

2021 ◽  
pp. 097265272110153
Author(s):  
Lan Khanh Chu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Latin America And Caribbean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderating Role

This article examines the impact of institutional, financial, and economic development on firms’ access to finance in Latin America and Caribbean region. Based on firm- and country-level data from the World Bank databases, we employ an ordered logit model to understand the direct and moderating role of institutional, financial, and economic development in determining firms’ financial obstacles. The results show that older, larger, facing less competition and regulation burden, foreign owned, and affiliated firms report lower obstacles to finance. Second, better macro-fundamentals help to lessen the level of obstacles substantially. Third, the role of institutions in promoting firms’ inclusive finance is quite different to the role of financial development and economic growth. JEL classification: E02; G10; O16; P48

Genossenschaftsbanken – Solides Kreditwachstum während der Coronapandemie

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-80
Author(s):  
Andreas Bley ◽  
Martin Micheli
Keyword(s):  
Great Recession ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Kleine Und Mittlere Unternehmen ◽  
Cooperative Banks ◽  
Generous Credit

Kleine und mittlere Unternehmen in Deutschland haben auch während der Coronapandemie einen sehr guten Zugang zur Kreditfinanzierung. Hierauf deuten sowohl Umfragen unter Unternehmen als auch unter Banken hin. Der sehr gute Kreditzugang manifestiert sich in einem kräftigen Kreditwachstum während der Krise. Insbesondere die genossenschaftliche Kreditvergabe wächst seit vielen Jahren, auch während Rezessionen, mit robusten Raten. Im Rahmen eines Ungleichgewichtsmodells zeigen wir, dass die Kreditvergabe genossenschaftlicher Banken in der Coronapandemie durch die Nachfrage bestimmt wurde. Es gibt keine Anzeichen für angebotsseitige Beschränkungen der genossenschaftlichen Kreditvergabe. German small and medium corporations had sufficiently access to bank loans during the Corona Pandemic. This is the result of surveys conducted among corporations and banks. A strong growth of bank loans points at generous credit provisions by German banks. Especially bank lending by cooperative banks has been remarkably robust in recent years and has expanded during the Great Recession as well as the European Debt Crisis. In a disequilibrium model, we show that cooperative banks’ loan volumes during the Corona Pandemic have been determined by the demand side. There is no evidence for supply side restrictions.

Ethnicity and bank lending before and during COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Cowling ◽  
Weixi Liu ◽  
Elaine Conway
Keyword(s):  
Bank Lending ◽  
Ethnic Discrimination ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Bank Loan ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ethnic Business ◽  
Lending Discrimination ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Ethnic Businesses

PurposeUsing ethnicity as our point of focus, the authors consider the dynamics of the demand for bank loans, and the willingness of banks to supply them, as the UK economy entered the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 with a particular focus on potential behavioural differences on the demand-side and discrimination on the supply-side. In doing so we directly address crisis induced financial concerns and how they played out in the context of ethnicity.Design/methodology/approachUsing the most recent ten quarterly waves of the UK SME Finance Monitor survey the authors consider whether ethnicity of the business owner impacts on the decision to apply for bank loans in the first instance. The authors then question whether ethnicity influences the banks decision to meet or reject the request for a bank loan.FindingsThe authors’ pre-COVID-19 results show that there were no ethnic differences in loan application and success rates. During COVID-19, both white and ethnic business loan application rates rose significantly, but the scale of this increase was greater for ethnic businesses. The presence of government 100% guaranteed lending also increased general loan success rates, but again the scale of this improvement was greater for ethnic businesses.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors show very clearly that differences in the willingness of banks to supply loans to SMEs relate very explicitly to firm specific characteristics and ethnicity either plays no additional role or actually leads to improved loan outcomes. The data is for the UK and for a very unique COVID time which may mean that wider generalisability is unwise.Practical implicationsEthnic business owners should not worry about lending discrimination or be discouraged from applying for loans.Social implicationsThe authors identify at worst no lending discrimination and at best positive ethnic discrimination.Originality/valueThis is one of the largest COVID-19 period studies into the financing of ethnic businesses.

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