scholarly journals High rate of Mycobacterium leprae infection and nasal colonization among household contacts of previously undiagnosed leprosy patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-286
Author(s):  
Kedir Urgesa ◽  
Kidist Bobosha ◽  
Berhanu Seyoum ◽  
Fitsum Weledegbreal ◽  
Biftu Geda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Nasal Colonization ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Leprosy Patients

scholarly journals Presence of Mycobacterium leprae DNA and PGL-1 antigen in household contacts of leprosy patients from a hyperendemic area in Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 14479-14487 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Pinho ◽  
P.M.S. Rivas ◽  
M.B.P. Mendes ◽  
R.E.P. Soares ◽  
G.C. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Hyperendemic Area ◽  
Leprosy Patients

scholarly journals Peptides Derived fromMycobacterium lepraeML1601c Discriminate between Leprosy Patients and Healthy Endemic Controls

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kidist Bobosha ◽  
Jolien J. van der Ploeg-van Schip ◽  
Danuza A. Esquenazi ◽  
Marjorie M. Guimarães ◽  
Marcia V. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Whole Blood Assay ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Blood Assay ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Leprosy Patients

The stable incidence of new leprosy cases suggests that transmission of infection continues despite worldwide implementation of MDT. Thus, specific tools are needed to diagnose early stageMycobacterium lepraeinfection, the likely sources of transmission.M. lepraeantigens that induce T-cell responses inM. lepraeexposed and/or infected individuals thus are major targets for new diagnostic tools. Previously, we showed that ML1601c was immunogenic in patients and healthy household contacts (HHC). However, some endemic controls (EC) also recognized this protein. To improve the diagnostic potential, IFN-γresponses to ML1601c peptides were assessed using PBMC from Brazilian leprosy patients and EC. Five ML1601c peptides only induced IFN-γin patients and HHC. Moreover, 24-hour whole-blood assay (WBA), two ML1601c peptides could assess the level ofM. lepraeexposure in Ethiopian EC. Beside IFN-γ, also IP-10, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and MCP-1 were increased in EC from areas with high leprosy prevalence in response to these ML1601c peptides. Thus, ML1601c peptides may be useful for differentiatingM. lepraeexposed or infected individuals and can also be used to indicate the magnitude ofM. lepraetransmission even in the context of various HLA alleles as present in these different genetic backgrounds.

Spatial and temporal epidemiology of Mycobacterium leprae infection among leprosy patients and household contacts of an endemic region in Southeast Brazil

Acta Tropica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana V.C. Nicchio ◽  
Sergio Araujo ◽  
Lorraine C. Martins ◽  
Andressa V. Pinheiro ◽  
Daniela C. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Southeast Brazil ◽  
Leprosy Patients

scholarly journals Infection by Mycobacterium leprae of household contacts of lepromatous leprosy patients from a post-elimination leprosy region of Colombia

2005 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 703-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora M Cardona-Castro ◽  
Sandra Restrepo-Jaramillo ◽  
Myriam Gil de la Ossa ◽  
Patrick J Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Leprosy Patients

scholarly journals Serological Diagnosis of Leprosy in Patients in Vietnam by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay with Mycobacterium leprae-Derived Major Membrane Protein II

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1755-1759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanori Kai ◽  
Nhu Ha Nguyen Phuc ◽  
Thuy Huong Hoang Thi ◽  
An Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Yasuo Fukutomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Candidate Protein

ABSTRACT A serological diagnostic test using phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I) developed in the 1980s is commercially available, but the method is still inefficient in detecting all forms of leprosy. Therefore, more-specific and -reliable serological methods have been sought. We have characterized major membrane protein II (MMP-II) as a candidate protein for a new serological antigen. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the MMP-II antigen (MMP-II ELISA) for detecting antibodies in leprosy patients and patients' contacts in the mid-region of Vietnam and compared to the results to those for the PGL-I method (PGL-I ELISA). The results showed that 85% of multibacillary patients and 48% of paucibacillary patients were positive by MMP-II ELISA. Comparison between the serological tests showed that positivity rates for leprosy patients were higher with MMP-II ELISA than with PGL-I ELISA. Household contacts (HHCs) showed low positivity rates, but medical staff members showed comparatively high positivity rates, with MMP-II ELISA. Furthermore, monitoring of results for leprosy patients and HHCs showed that MMP-II is a better index marker than PGL-I. Overall, the epidemiological study conducted in Vietnam suggests that serological testing with MMP-II would be beneficial in detecting leprosy.

scholarly journals Risk factor for Mycobacterium leprae detection in household contacts with leprosy patients: a study in Papua, East Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Hana Krismawati ◽  
Antonius Oktavian ◽  
Yustinus Maladan ◽  
Tri Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Living Together ◽  
Leprosy Case ◽  
Leprosy Patients

BACKGROUND In the era of leprosy eradication, Jayapura is still one of the biggest leprosy pockets in Papua, Indonesia. The trend for leprosy case detection rate has remained relatively stable over recent years. This study was aimed to detect Mycobacterium leprae in household contacts and to evaluate the associated factors with the detection. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited household contacts of leprosy patients who were diagnosed consecutively from March to August 2015 in Hamadi Point of Care, Jayapura. The leprosy patients were diagnosed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For each leprosy patient, up to four household contacts that had no symptom were included. Every household contact received screening through DNA detection of M. leprae extracted from nasal swab specimens and examined using PCR. Factors for bacteria detection included intensity, time duration and number of contacts living together in the same house, and random blood glucose levels were evaluated. Bivariate analysis was used to associate them with M. leprae detection in household contacts. RESULTS From 107 household contacts of 35 patients who had leprosy, M. leprae was detected in 19.6%. Household contacts with leprosy patients for >1 year was a risk factor for detection (OR = 12.45; 95% CI = 1.595–97.20; p = 0.002). Blood glucose (p = 0.444), ethnic (p = 0.456), sleeping proximity to leprosy case (p = 0.468) and relatives (p = 0.518) give no effect to M. leprae detection in household contacts. CONCLUSIONS Among the various risk factors studied, duration of living together with the patient significantly increased the risk of M. leprae transmission.

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