Collocation Analysis of Variants of Intensifiers in Classical Malay Texts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anida Sarudin ◽  
◽  
Mazura Mastura Muhammad ◽  
Muhamad Fadzllah Zaini ◽  
Zulkifli Osman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Information ◽  
Linguistic Identity ◽  
T Score ◽  
Lexical Collocations

In this paper, the authors discuss the findings of a study carried out to examine good lexical collocation in classical Malay texts. For the study, two corpora were used, namely Petua Membina Rumah and Korpus Rujukan Berita Harian. The former had 14,644 tokens and 2,080 types while the latter had 1,058,722 tokens and 39,632 types. Only 100 distributions of lexical collocations of the word ‘baik’ were chosen, given that such a word was most widely used in adjectival sentences. Collocation analysis was carried out using MI (Mutual Information), T score, and logDice. The findings showed such lexical collocations had metaphorical meanings based on two main categories of intensifiers, namely amplifier and downtoner. The former was made up of booster and maximizer while the latter consisted of approximator, compromisers, diminisher, and minimizer. Such findings indicate that the Malay society has a unique linguistic identity in that they converse with a good lexicon of intensifying words or intensifiers whose function is to amplify the meanings of sentences. Each variant of intensifiers of the Malay language occurs in various adverbial characters. Such a phenomenon shows that the unique adverbial intensifier of the Malay language plays an important role as an indicator to identify metaphors.

Sex Differences in Time Production Revisited

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Glicksohn ◽  
Yamit Hadad
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Internal Clock ◽  
Target Duration ◽  
Log P ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Time Production ◽  
T Score

Individual differences in time production should indicate differences in the rate of functioning of an internal clock, assuming the existence of such a clock. And sex differences in time production should reflect a difference in the rate of functioning of that clock between men and women. One way of approaching the data is to compute individual regressions of produced duration (P) on target duration (T), after log transformation, and to derive estimates for the intercept and the slope. One could investigate a sex difference by comparing these estimates for men and women; one could also contrast them by looking at mean log(P). Using such indices, we found a sex difference in time production, female participants having a relatively faster internal clock, making shorter time productions, and having a smaller exponent. The question is whether a sex difference in time production would be found using other methods for analyzing the data: (1) the P/T ratio; (2) an absolute discrepancy (|P-T|) score; and (3) an absolute error (|P-T|/T) score. For the P/T ratio, female participants have a lower mean ratio in comparison to the male participants. In contrast, the |P-T| and |P-T|/T indices seem to be seriously compromised by wide individual differences.

A mutual information‐based likelihood function for particle filter flood extent assimilation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antara Dasgupta ◽  
Renaud Hostache ◽  
RAAJ Ramasankaran ◽  
Guy J.‐P Schumann ◽  
Stefania Grimaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Information ◽  
Particle Filter ◽  
Likelihood Function

Risikoreduktion für vertebrale Frakturen unter Denosumab bei Patienten mit normaler und osteopenischer Knochendichte

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (06) ◽  
pp. 251-256
Author(s):  
J. M. Wolff ◽  
P. Hadji ◽  
A. Braun ◽  
C. Ke ◽  
T. Steinle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Score ◽  
Post Hoc

ZusammenfassungEinleitung: Die Ergebnisse der HALT-Prostatakarzinom-Studie (1) zeigten, dass Denosumab bei Prostatakarzinompatienten unter hormonablativer Therapie (HALT) die Knochenmineraldichte (BMD) gegenüber Placebo an allen Messorten signifikant erhöhte und die Inzidenz vertebraler Frakturen nach 36 Monaten signifikant um 62 % senkte. Keine Unterschiede wurden hinsichtlich der Zeit bis zur ersten klinischen Fraktur (jegliche nonvertebrale oder klinisch vertebrale Fraktur) beobachtet. In einer Post-hoc-Analyse wurde nun überprüft, ob Denosumab auch bei Patienten mit normaler bis osteopenischer Knochendichte das Risiko für neue vertebrale Frakturen reduziert.Methoden: Hierzu wurde bei allen Teilnehmern der HALT-Studie (n = 1468) mit einem BMD-T-Score > –2,5 an Lendenwirbelsäule (LWS), Gesamthüfte und Schenkelhals sowie auswertbarem Frakturstatus die Inzidenz neuer vertebraler Frakturen nach 36 Mona-ten unter Behandlung mit Denosumab vs. Placebo ermittelt.Ergebnisse: Zu Studienbeginn wiesen 1174 bzw. 80 % der Studienteilnehmer einen BMDT-Score > –2,5 an allen drei Messorten auf. 1087 bzw. 74 % der Studienteilnehmer erfüllten die Kriterien für die Frakturauswertung. In dieser Subgruppe reduzierte Denosumab das Risiko für vertebrale Frakturen nach 36 Mona-ten gegenüber Placebo signifikant um 61 % (Placebo: 2,8 %; Denosumab: 1,1 %; p = 0,0386). Weitere Frakturendpunkte wurden nicht untersucht.Fazit: Denosumab reduzierte das Risiko für vertebrale Frakturen bei Patienten der HALT-Studie mit normaler und osteopenischer Knochendichte in ähnlichem Ausmaß wie im Gesamtkollektiv.

Nonlinear Pattern Analysis of Ventricular Premature Beats by Mutual Information

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Saitoh ◽  
T. Yokoshima ◽  
H. Kishida ◽  
H. Hayakawa ◽  
R. J. Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Information ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Autonomic Activity ◽  
Correlation Measure ◽  
Ventricular Premature Beats ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Premature Beats ◽  
Information Values ◽  
Nonlinear Pattern

Abstract:The frequency of ventricular premature beats (VPBs) has been related to the risk of mortality. However, little is known about the temporal pattern of occurrence of VPBs and its relationship to autonomic activity. Hence, we applied a general correlation measure, mutual information, to quantify how VPBs are generated over time. We also used mutual information to determine the correlation between VPB production and heart rate in order to evaluate effects of autonomic activity on VPB production. We examined twenty subjects with more than 3000 VPBs/day and simulated ran-( dom time series of VPB occurrence. We found that mutual information values could be used to characterize quantitatively the temporal patterns of VPB generation. Our data suggest that VPB production is not random and VPBs generated with a higher value of mutual information may be more greatly affected by autonomic activity.

Data Screening Methods – Application to Differential Diagnosis in Pancreatic Pathology from Radiological Signs

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-P. Durbec ◽  
Jaqueline Cornée ◽  
P. Berthezene
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Mutual Information ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Automatic Data ◽  
Chronic Calcifying Pancreatitis ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Calcifying Pancreatitis ◽  
Pancreatic Pathology ◽  
Data Screening

The practice of systematic examinations in hospitals and the increasing development of automatic data processing permits the storing of a great deal of information about a large number of patients belonging to different diagnosis groups.To predict or to characterize these diagnosis groups some descriptors are particularly useful, others carry no information. Data screening based on the properties of mutual information and on the log cross products ratios in contingency tables is developed. The most useful descriptors are selected. For each one the characterized groups are specified.This approach has been performed on a set of binary (presence—absence) radiological variables. Four diagnoses groups are concerned: cancer of pancreas, chronic calcifying pancreatitis, non-calcifying pancreatitis and probable pancreatitis. Only twenty of the three hundred and forty initial radiological variables are selected. The presence of each corresponding sign is associated with one or more diagnosis groups.

T-score as an Indicator of Fracture Risk on Therapy: Evidence From Romosozumab vs Alendronate Treatment in the ARCH Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Cosman ◽  
E. Michael Lewiecki ◽  
Peter R. Ebeling ◽  
E Hesse ◽  
N Napoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Risk ◽  
T Score ◽  
Alendronate Treatment
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