scholarly journals COMPARISION OF FOUR FABRICS FOR FILTERING TURBID WATER IN A TWO STAGE CROSS-FLOW FILTER

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goldie Davis ◽  
Edwin Ekwue ◽  
Vincent Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Filter Medium ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Sediment Retention ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Pore Sizes ◽  
Fabric Filter ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Good Filter

Surface water treatment plants in Trinidad are incapable of filtering highly turbid water. Water treatment operations are shut down whenever turbidity levels rise during or after rainfall. The aim of this research is to determine the physical properties of linen, burlap, crepe-backed satin and cotton fabrics and to compare their efficiencies as filter media for reducing turbidity in water. Scanning electron microscopy was used to generate images of each fabric. Fabric weave type was determined. Inter-yarn pore sizes, inter-fiber pore sizes, warp and weft spacings, warp and weft diameters and thicknesses were measured using ImageJ. Based on the properties examined, and execution of cross-flow filtration and perpendicular filtration tests, linen was the chosen fabric filter medium. Surface profilometry resulted in linen having the roughest surface of 685.5µm and the largest maximum profile height of 3632.4µm. Linen’s inter-yarn and inter-fiber pore sizes were 41.98µm and 22.37µm respectively. This fabric had warp and weft spacings of 400µm and 700µm respectively and was 400.39µm thick. Measurements also revealed warp and weft diameters of 13.26µm and 14.96µm respectively. Linen had a high tensile strength of 402N. Linen, had a hopsack plain weave and was tightly woven; it was 95.16% porous with a sediment retention capacity of 71%. Linen is a fabric material that could prove to be a very good filter medium. Also, Acono River water turbidity levels measured ranged from 2.47NTU to 23.93NTU. Soil types contained in the turbid water were gravels, sand and silt varying from 25mm to 0.075mm in size.

Supported MFI zeolite membranes by cross flow filtration for water treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Garofalo ◽  
L. Donato ◽  
E. Drioli ◽  
A. Criscuoli ◽  
M.C. Carnevale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Mfi Zeolite ◽  
Zeolite Membranes ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Flow Filtration

A Novel Method for Sorting Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes by Length

2011 ◽  
Vol 1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigekazu Ohmori ◽  
Takeshi Saito ◽  
Bikau Shukla ◽  
Motoo Yumura ◽  
Sumio Iijima
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Single Wall Carbon ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Pore Sizes ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Flow Filtration

ABSTRACTWe report a novel system for sorting single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by length via cross-flow filtration with three membrane filters of different pore sizes, 1.0, 0.45, and 0.2 μm. SWCNTs dispersed in water with the help of polymer type detergents, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and polyoxyethylene stearyl ether (Brij 700), were successfully fractionated into four samples, and the atomic force microscopy (AFM) observation of those samples confirmed that their length distribution peaks are within the expected ranges from pore sizes of used filters. However, the result of the similar filtration process using a non-polymer detergent, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), showed no pronounced correlation between the length distribution of SWCNTs and the pore size. The observed difference in the sorting phenomena caused by the detergent type suggests that the permeation property depends on the complex structure resulting from the dispersed SWCNTs and detergent molecules.

The Role of Particle Filtration in Industrial Scale EPD Processes

2006 ◽  
Vol 314 ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hope
Keyword(s):  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Filter Medium ◽  
Particle Capture ◽  
Particle Filtration ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Dead End ◽  
And Performance

Electrophoretic deposition or EPD is a well established method for creating decorative and protective coatings and other structures on various electroconductive substrates. The formation of these coatings and structures can be prejudiced by the presence of oversized or contaminant particles as well as excess or contaminant electrolytes resulting in appearance and performance problems in the final product. Nuisance particles come from diverse sources and are an inevitability in industrial environments. Efficient and effective particle capture strategies are therefore essential. In water-based EPD processes, control over the content electrolytes and other continuous phase materials can be accomplished using tangential or cross-flow filtration where the permeate contains the undesirable materials and can be treated or disposed of outside the system. But for particles and other disperse phase materials, dead-end filtration techniques are required. Here the undesirable materials are captured, concentrated and retained on the filter medium within the system. Disposal only occurs as a result of discarding or treating the filter medium itself. Many types of dead-end filtration media are commercially available. Retention size and materials of construction all have relevance for system compatibility and effectiveness of particle capture. Practical experience shows that selection of the correct type of particle filtration optimises process quality. Using inappropriate filter media can be not just ineffective, but actively detrimental. This paper describes commonly available particle filter systems and how they interact with industrial EPD process.

Aerobic domestic waste water treatment in a pilot plant with complete sludge retention by cross-flow filtration

1995 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1179-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.B. Muller ◽  
A.H. Stouthamer ◽  
H.W. van Verseveld ◽  
D.H. Eikelboom
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Flow Filtration

scholarly journals Functional Modification of Cellulose Acetate Microfiltration Membranes by Supercritical Solvent Impregnation

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Irena Zizovic ◽  
Marcin Tyrka ◽  
Konrad Matyja ◽  
Ivana Moric ◽  
Lidija Senerovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Impregnation Process ◽  
Supercritical Solvent ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Microfiltration Membranes ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the modification of commercial cellulose acetate microfiltration membranes by supercritical solvent impregnation with thymol to provide them with antibacterial properties. The impregnation process was conducted in a batch mode, and the effect of pressure and processing time on thymol loading was followed. The impact of the modification on the membrane’s microstructure was analyzed using scanning electron and ion-beam microscopy, and membranes’ functionality was tested in a cross-flow filtration system. The antibiofilm properties of the obtained materials were studied against Staphyloccocus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while membranes’ blocking in contact with bacteria was examined for S. aureus and Escherichia coli. The results revealed a fast impregnation process with high thymol loadings achievable after just 0.5 h at 15 MPa and 20 MPa. The presence of 20% of thymol provided strong antibiofilm properties against the tested strains without affecting the membrane’s functionality. The study showed that these strong antibacterial properties could be implemented to the commercial membranes’ defined polymeric structure in a short and environmentally friendly process.

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