scholarly journals A NEW CRYPTIC SPECIES OF BUSH FROG (AMPHIBIA: ANURA: Raorchestes) FROM THE SOUTHERN EASTERN GHATS, INDIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 164-173
Author(s):  
Gaurang G. Gowande ◽  
S.R. Ganesh ◽  
Zeeshan A. Mirza
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Mitochondrial 16S Rrna Gene ◽  
The Western Ghats

A new cryptic lineage of bush frogs of the genus Raorchestes from the understudied Eastern Ghats of India is described. Molecular phylogenetic reconstructions using mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences suggest that the new species belongs to the Raorchestes charius clade, is sister to the allopatric R. charius of the Western Ghats and support the species-level distinctiveness of the lineage. The new species morphologically resembles R. charius from which it can be distinguished using the following characters: narrower head (HW/SVL 0.31 vs 0.34–0.36), wider inter upper eyelid (IUE/SVL 0.14–0.16 vs 0.11–0.13), greater maximum upper eyelid width (UEW/SVL 0.10–0.12 vs 0.06–0.09) and shorter thigh (TL/SVL 0.32–0.43 vs 0.44–0.51). Acoustic observations from the breeding males further corroborate the distinct specific status of the new species. The discovery of this new species of bush frog from an understudied landscape suggests that additional extensive surveys in the Eastern Ghats would yield several more amphibian lineages yet unknown to science.

scholarly journals Cnemaspis flaviventralis, a new species of gecko (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Western Ghats of Maharashtra, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (14) ◽  
pp. 9619
Author(s):  
Amit Sayyed ◽  
Robert Alexander Pyron ◽  
Neelesh Dahanukar
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Mitochondrial 16S Rrna Gene ◽  
The Western Ghats ◽  
A New Species

Cnemaspis flaviventralis, a new species of day gecko, is described from the forests of Amboli, Sindhudurg District, Maharashtra State, northern Western Ghats, India.  The new species was previously confused with the sympatric species Cnemaspis girii, C. indraneildasii, C. kolhapurensis and C. goaensis.  It is distinguished from C. giri by having spine-like tubercles on flanks, granular dorsal scales intermixed with large, depressed, slightly keeled scales (vs. lack of spine-like tubercles on flanks, granular dorsal scales, intermixed with large smooth scales); from C. indraneildasii by having dorsal scales heterogeneous (vs. homogenous), lacking a series of enlarged median sub-caudal scales, and 28–29 (vs. 20) ventral scales across mid-body; from C. kolhapurensis by having heterogeneous (vs. homogenous) dorsal scalation, lacking spine-like tubercles on flanks and lacking pre-cloacal pores (vs. 24–28 pre-cloacal-femoral pores); and from C. goaensis by lacking pre-cloacal pores and lacking a series of enlarged median sub-caudal scales.  We further provide partial mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences for the new species and for the sympatric species C. girii, C. kolhapurensis and C. goaensis, and show that the new species is genetically distinct.  

scholarly journals Metagenomic approach for the isolation and cultivation of cellulose-degrading myxobacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Cellulose Degradation ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Uncultured Bacteria ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Cellulose-degrading myxobacteria are common soil microorganisms with unique morphologies and are united forming the distinct Sorangium and Byssovorax clades in the Polyangiaceae family, order Myxococcales. Cells of these fascinating bacteria can glide, form fruiting bodies and degrade agar and cellulose. However, phenotypic studies based on the swarm, fruiting bodies and cellulose degradation pattern have shown many dissimilarities among strains suggesting more potential to identify new species in Sorangium clade. Currently, nine validly described species are recognized capable of decomposing cellulose in myxobacteria, of which eight species belong to the genus Sorangium and one species to Byssovorax. With the increasing number of species recently validated in Sorangium, likely there will also be more species of Byssovorax that can be found in the environment. BLAST search analysis of Byssovorax 16S rRNA gene sequences in NCBI public database (GenBank) revealed 97-98.8 % similarity with sequences derived from clones of uncultured bacteria. In Sorangium, six 16S rRNA gene sequences derived from clones of uncultured bacteria were identified occupying novel branches and exhibiting 96.9% – 98.6% similarities with type strains. Molecular phylogenetic analysis confirmed the affiliations of these clones within Sorangium and Byssovorax clades, indicating potentially new species within these genera. Surprisingly, one sequence derived from a clone (DEN_SIP_103) may potentially represent a novel genus only if this strain can be successfully cultured in the future.

scholarly journals Dicranum ignatovii sp. nova (Dicranaceae, Bryophyta) from the Far East

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Far East ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Leaf Lamina ◽  
Kurile Islands ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

The new species Dicranum ignatovii Tubanova & Fedosov is described from Sakhalin, South Kurile Islands and the Khabarovsk Territory based on the approach of integrative taxonomy. The species is characterized by the unique combination of (1) short leaves with broadly acute apex, (2) slightly recurved distal leaf lamina, (3) short-rectangular to transverse rectangular distal leaf cells, (4) proximal leaf cells abruptly shortened distally and thus occupying only the basalmost leaf portion, (5) costa ending before apex, and (6) presence of flagelliform branchlets in upper leaf axils. Based on nrITS 1, 2 & 5.8 rRNA gene sequences, molecular phylogenetic analysis was carried out. As a result, three studied specimens were found in a well supported clade, nested in a weakly supported clade where D. acutifolium, D. caesium, D. bardunovii, D. angustum, D. bonjeanii, D. scoparium and D. brevifolium were also found.

scholarly journals Sphaerotheca pashchima, a new species of burrowing frog (Anura: Dicroglossidae) from western India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 10286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Padhye ◽  
Neelesh Dahanukar ◽  
Shauri Sulakhe ◽  
Nikhil Dandekar ◽  
Sunil Limaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Western India ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Interorbital Width ◽  
Eye Diameter ◽  
A New Species

Sphaerotheca pashchima, a new species of burrowing frog, is described from western India. It can be diagnosed from all its congeners based on a combination of characters including interorbital width less than upper eyelid width, snout to nostril distance less than half of eye diameter, nostril nearer to snout than to eye, internarial distance greater than inter orbital distance, snout rounded, dorsum rough and warty, finger 2 length equal to or less than finger 4 length, finger 1 less finger 3 length, outer metatarsal tubercle absent, tibio tarsal tubercle absent, length of inner metatarsal tubercle more than three times the inner toe length and reduced webbing.  We also provide 16S rRNA gene sequence for S. pashchima sp. nov. and show that it is genetically distinct from species of Sphaerotheca for which genetic data is available. 

Description of a new toad of Megophrys Kuhl & Van Hasselt, 1822 (Amphibia: Anura: Megophryidae) from western Yunnan Province, China

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4942 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-381
Author(s):  
SHENGCHAO SHI ◽  
DONGHUI LI ◽  
WENBO ZHU ◽  
WEN JIANG ◽  
JIANPING JIANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Species ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Western Yunnan ◽  
A New Species

A new species of genus Megophrys from Gaoligong Mountains, Yunnan Province, China is described. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA all clustered the new species as an independent clade nested into the subgenus Panophrys. The smallest genetic distance based on 16S rRNA gene between the new species and its congeners was 3.0%. The new species could be identified from its congeners by a combination of following characters: moderate body size (SVL 31.0–34.8 mm in males); vomerine ridge weak, vomerine teeth absent; dorsal skin relatively smooth; tongue slightly notched behind; tympanum rounded and relatively large, 0.54 times of eye length; a horn-like tubercle on edge of each upper eyelid small; tibio-tarsal articulation reaches middle eye when leg stretched forward; finger tips rounded, not expanded to small pad; toes with narrow fringes and rudimentary webbing; ventral hindlimbs semitransparent purplish with greyish white pigments; ventral body scattered with distinct dark patches in the middle. 

Three new species of the pandalid shrimp genus Pandalopsis Spence Bate, 1888 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from the southwestern Sea of Okhotsk, with supplemental note on P. glabra Kobjakova, 1936

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4545 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOMOYUKI KOMAI ◽  
MAI HIBINO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
The Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
Mitochondrial 16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Steep Slopes

The present study deals with a collection of deep-sea shrimp of the pandalid genus Pandalopsis Spence Bate, 1888 from the Nemuro Strait, Hokkaido, southwestern part of the Sea of Okhotsk. Three new species are described and illustrated: Pandalopsis capillus n. sp., P. houyuu n. sp. and P. princeps n. sp. In addition, Pandalopsis glabra Kobjakova, 1936, a species endemic to the Sea of Okhotsk, is supplementary reported. Most specimens were collected from steep slopes or hard bottoms at depths greater than 400 m by commercial shrimp trap or gill nets operated by local fishermen. Differentiation of the new species is primarily based on a morphological comparison, supplemented by a preliminary genetic analysis of partial segments of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene. An identification key to the species of Pandalopsis is presented. 

scholarly journals Ixodes kangdingensis (Acari: Ixodidae), a new species from the Siberian weasel, Mustela sibirica (Carnivora: Mustelidae) in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIANYU GUO ◽  
YI SUN ◽  
GUANG XU ◽  
LANCE A. DURDEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Ixodes Arboricola ◽  
A New Species

SUMMARY The female and nymph of Ixodes (Pholeoixodes) kangdingensis n. sp. are described based on both morphology and analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Specimens of this new tick species were collected from a Siberian weasel (Mustela sibirica) in Kangding County, Sichuan Province, China. The morphological features of the female and nymph are unique to distinguish I. kangdingensis n. sp. from other members of the subgenus Pholeoixodes, including the presence of distinctly shaped cornua, anterior and posterior processes on palpal article I and a large angular projection on each side of the hypostome. Partial sequence of 16S rRNA gene grouped this species with Ixodes arboricola and Ixodes lividus with sequence divergence of new species from I. arboricola 4·16% and from I. lividus 8·49%. Data on the phylogenetic position, hosts, geographic distribution and key to females of closely related species are also provided.

Isolation and Identification of Thermo-Acidophilic Bacteria from Orchards in China

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 390-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
YING WANG ◽  
TIANLI YUE ◽  
YAHONG YUAN ◽  
ZHENPENG GAO
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Acidophilic Bacteria ◽  
Different Strains

Eight strains of thermo-acidophilic bacteria have been isolated from apple orchards in Shaanxi Province, China. The isolated strains were identified at the species level by comparing 16S rRNA gene sequences. It was found that all strains could be assigned to two genera. The strain YL-5 belonged to Alicyclobacillus, and other isolates belonged to Bacillus. The enzymatic patterns by the API ZYM system showed very significant differences between 12 strains of Alicyclobacillus and 8 strains of Bacillus. The ability of guaiacol production varied among different strains.

An enigma no more: an integrated taxonomic revision of Aenigmetopia Malloch reveals novel phylogenetic placement and four new species (Diptera : Sarcophagidae : Miltogramminae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolas P. Johnston ◽  
James F. Wallman ◽  
Krzysztof Szpila ◽  
Thomas Pape
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Flesh Flies

Aenigmetopia Malloch is the only endemic genus of miltogrammine flesh flies (Diptera:Sarcophagidae) in Australia and, until now it has been known from a single species, A. fergusoni Malloch. This study constitutes the first comprehensive taxonomic revision of Aenigmetopia. Four new species, Aenigmetopia amissa, sp. nov., A. corona, sp. nov., A. kryptos, sp. nov. and A. pagoni, sp. nov., are described through the integration of molecular and morphological data and characters for genus- and species-level diagnoses are given. Aenigmetopia is included in a molecular phylogenetic analysis for the first time and the genus emerges as the sister taxon to Metopia Meigen, in agreement with morphological evidence.

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