Geology and mineral composition of Zarya kimberlite pipe, western Yakutia

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-67
Author(s):  
Ravil Salikhov ◽  
Konstantin Garanin ◽  
Alexander Tolstov ◽  
Oleg Kovalchuk ◽  
Victor Garanin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Kimberlite Pipe ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Lateral Heterogeneity ◽  
Diamond Deposit ◽  
Tectonic Settings ◽  
Kimberlite Field ◽  
Diamond Province

The geological and tectonic settings of new primary low-grade diamond deposit, the Zarya pipe (Alakit-Markhinsky kimberlite field, Yakutian diamond province, Western Yakutia, Russia), are discussed. Data on the geological structure of the diatreme, mineral composition and kimberlite diamond content is presented. The factors determining the vertical and lateral heterogeneity of the mineral-indicative characteristics of kimberlites, diamond assemblage minerals, and diamonds are considered. It is concluded that diamond quality and grades increase with depth.

Women at the dawn of diamond discovery in Siberia or how two women discovered the Siberian diamond province

2020 ◽  
pp. SP506-2020-11
Author(s):  
Ekaterina S. Kiseeva ◽  
Rishat N. Yuzmukhametov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Kimberlite Pipe ◽  
Diamond Deposit ◽  
Diamond Exploration ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Government ◽  
Diamond Province

AbstractExploration for diamonds in the Soviet Union started in the 1940s; however, it was not until the beginning of 1950s that the government acknowledged a strong need for locally mined diamonds. In this paper, based on publications from Russian literature, we recount a story of two female geologists, Larisa Popugaeva and Natalia Sarsadskhih.Natalia was the head of the mineralogical laboratory who implemented a new methodology to search for mineral indicators of primary diamond deposits. Larisa was a young geologist who joined Natalia's team in 1953.The work of these women led to the discovery, in 1954, of the first diamond deposit in the country – the kimberlite pipe ‘Zarnitsa’. In 1954, Natalia was unable to go into the field and, therefore, the discovery was made by Larisa. Credit for this discovery, however, was claimed by the higher officials from the Amakinskaya expedition, one of the largest diamond exploration organizations in the country. Multiple efforts to restore justice did not succeed, with Larisa only being awarded the title of the ‘Discoverer’ in 1970 and Natalia not until 1990. This paper provides a description of Larisa's and Natalia's lives up until the discovery of Zarnitsa, and a few significant events after.

Tectonic setting of kimberlites in the Vilyui-Markhinsky fault zone according to modern data

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Elena Protsenko ◽  
Nadezhda Shakhurdina
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Network Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Lateral Heterogeneity ◽  
Fault Network ◽  
Kimberlite Field

The lateral heterogeneity of the Vilyui-Markha fault zone was determined, the central and western subzones were identified. The high-grade diamondiferous Mir and Nakyn kimberlite fields are confined to the central subzone. The low-grade diamondiferous Syuldyukar kimberlite field is confined to the western subzone of the VilyuiMarkha zone. The analysis of the fault network density in the research area was carried out. It was found that the fault network density increases within the subzones, which characterizes them as increased permeability areas favorable for kimberlite melts uprising. This fact can be another tectonic criterion for setting up diamond prospecting operations.

The Influence of the Mineral Composition of Low-Grade Aluminum Ores on Aluminum Extraction by Acid Leaching

2014 ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander G. Suss ◽  
Alexander A. Damaskin ◽  
Alexander S. Senyuta ◽  
Andrey V. Panov ◽  
Andrey A. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Low Grade

Ratio of structural impurity distribution in diamond crystals and kimberlite pipe diamond potentiak (case study of Arkhangelsk region and Yakutia)

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-130
Author(s):  
Galina Khachatryan ◽  
Nataliya Anashkina
Keyword(s):  
Kimberlite Pipe ◽  
Impurity Distribution ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region ◽  
Negative Factor ◽  
Diamond Crystals ◽  
Thermodynamic Conditions ◽  
Structural Impurity ◽  
Diamond Potential

IR spectroscopy was used to compare diamonds from 12 pipes, Arkhangelsk region. Based on positive correlation between average N and H values in diamonds from various deposits, it was found that crystals from low-grade diamond pipes are relatively enriched in hydrogen compared with diamonds from Lomonosov and Grib deposits. In terms of structural impurity distribution, Arkhangelsk deposit diamonds differ from Yakutian diamonds; it could be due to various composition of compared diamonds’ source matter and thermodynamic conditions of their growth. It is shown that hydrogen is a negative factor of diamond potential in both Yakutian and Arkhangelsk diamonds. This can partly be explained by impuri-ty blocking effect on diamond crystal growth.

scholarly journals A Plethora of Epigenetic Minerals Reveals a Multistage Metasomatic Overprint of a Mantle Orthopyroxenite from the Udachnaya Kimberlite

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Dmitriy I. Rezvukhin ◽  
Taisia A. Alifirova ◽  
Alexander V. Golovin ◽  
Andrey V. Korsakov
Keyword(s):  
Melt Inclusions ◽  
Kimberlite Pipe ◽  
Mantle Metasomatism ◽  
Crystal Chemical Formula ◽  
Mineral Inclusions ◽  
Reaction Zones ◽  
Geochemical Analyses ◽  
Individual Grains ◽  
Kimberlite Field ◽  
Intergranular Space

More than forty mineral species of epigenetic origin have been identified in an orthopyroxenite from the Udachnaya-East kimberlite pipe, Daldyn kimberlite field, Siberian platform. Epigenetic phases occur as: (1) Mineral inclusions in the rock-forming enstatite, (2) daughter minerals within large (up to 2 mm) crystallized melt inclusions (CMI) in the rock-forming enstatite, and (3) individual grains and intergrowths in the intergranular space of the xenolith. The studied minerals include silicates (olivine, clinopyroxene, phlogopite, tetraferriphlogopite, amphibole-supergroup minerals, serpentine-group minerals, talc), oxides (several generations of ilmenite and spinel, rutile, perovskite, rare titanates of the crichtonite, magnetoplumbite and hollandite groups), carbonates (calcite, dolomite), sulfides (pentlandite, djerfisherite, pyrrhotite), sulfate (barite), phosphates (apatite and phosphate with a suggested crystal-chemical formula Na2BaMg[PO4]2), oxyhydroxide (goethite), and hydroxyhalides (kuliginite, iowaite). The examined epigenetic minerals are interpreted to have crystallized at different time spans after the formation of the host rock. The genesis of minerals is ascribed to a series of processes metasomatically superimposed onto the orthopyroxenite, i.e., deep-seated mantle metasomatism, infiltration of a kimberlite-related melt and late post-emplacement hydrothermal alterations. The reaction of orthopyroxene with the kimberlite-related melt has led to orthopyroxene dissolution and formation of the CMI, the latter being surrounded by complex reaction zones and containing zoned olivine grains with extremely high-Mg# (up to 99) cores. This report highlights the utility of minerals present in minor volume proportions in deciphering the evolution and modification of mantle fragments sampled by kimberlitic and other deep-sourced magmas. The obtained results further imply that the whole-rock geochemical analyses of mantle-derived samples should be treated with care due to possible drastic contaminations from “hiding” minor phases of epigenetic origin.

A Discussion on natural strain and geological structure - The control of ductility on the deformation of pebbles and conglomerates

1976 ◽  
Vol 283 (1312) ◽  
pp. 109-128 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
Tectonic Deformation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Gravitational Loading ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Host Rocks

Pebbles are commonly used parameters for the determination of finite strain in deformed rocks. In high grade metamorphic environments, rocks probably behave as viscous fluids and a theory exists which relates the deformation experienced by a pebble to that of the host rocks. However, some deformed conglomerates are found in low grade metamorphic rocks where the assumption of viscous behaviour is unrealistic The deformation of artificial conglomerates made of geological materials, at room temperature and varying confining pressure is described. In these experiments, pebbles deform by cataclasis at surprisingly low applied loads and large finite strains are achieved. The amount of deformation experienced by pebbles of different rock types depends mainly on their yield strengths and ductility contrasts with respect to the matrix. A theoretical analysis assuming that pebble and matrix behave as workhardening Bingham materials during deformation relates the strain experienced by a pebble to that of the host rock. The results suggest that significant pebble deformation can occur during gravitational loading of sediments. An attempt is made to verify this idea by analysing the shape of pebbles in conglomerates of the Upper Witwatersrand System. At some sites the pebbles appear to have deformed during gravitational compaction while at others a tectonic deformation has been superimposed upon the pre-tectomic strain.

Thermal modeling of convergent and extensional tectonic settings for the development of low-grade metamorphism in the Welsh Basin

1999 ◽  
Vol 104 (B10) ◽  
pp. 23069-23079 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Robinson ◽  
V. V. Reverdatto ◽  
R. E. Bevins ◽  
O. P. Polyansky ◽  
V. S. Sheplev
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Modeling ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Grade Metamorphism ◽  
Extensional Tectonic ◽  
Tectonic Settings

Purification of Low Grade Ca-Bentonite for Iron Ore Pellets

2012 ◽  
Vol 454 ◽  
pp. 237-241
Author(s):  
Xiao Dong Liu ◽  
Xian Jun Lu ◽  
Jun Qiu ◽  
Zhi Ming Wang ◽  
Peng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Swell Index ◽  
Iron Ore Pellets ◽  
Ore Pellets ◽  
Mesh Sieve

According to the bentonites properties and mineral composition, three bentonites with 32-36% montmorillonite content(MC) from Laiyang, Shandong, China, are purified for utilizing low grade bentonite sufficiently. Research shows that the purification is effective by separating –325 mesh products from raw bentonite after soaking, stirring and rubbing in water. Firstly, the three bentonites are combined into one and soaked in water for 24h with the ratio of liquid and solid 15:1, and then, the bentonite is purified using –325 mesh sieve after stirring and rubbing in water for 1h with pulp density of 26%. Methylene blue index(MBI) of the product is 22.52g/100g, swell index(SI) is 5.5mL/2g, water absorption(WA) is 184.3%, water content(Wa.C) is 9.7%, and the indexes meet the stantard of three grade Ca-bentonite(TGCB)applying to iron ore pellets.

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