Anadromous Sturgeons: Habitats, Threats, and Management

2007 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Depth Distribution ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Green Sturgeon ◽  
Acipenser Medirostris ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Archival Tags ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Logbook Data ◽  
The U.S

<em>Abstract</em>.—Pop-off archival tags (PATs) and trawl logbook data were used to study the distribution, movement, and behavior of green sturgeon <em>Acipenser medirostris</em> off the U.S. and Canadian west coasts. Seven green sturgeon were tagged with PATs in the Rogue River, Oregon, during the autumn months of 2001 and 2002. All fish left the Rogue River and entered the ocean within 32 d of tagging. Six of seven tags popped off and transmitted data to satellites, as planned, 2.5 to 7.7 months after the fish left the Rogue River. One tag detached prematurely 5.7 months after tagging, but it drifted ashore in northern Oregon and was returned. All PAT-tagged sturgeon migrated north of the Rogue River after entering the ocean; pop-off locations ranged from the central Oregon coast to northwestern Vancouver Island, Canada. Estimated distances migrated through nearshore waters ranged from 221 to 968 km. Potential concentration sites off the Oregon and Washington coasts were identified using PAT and Oregon trawl logbook data sets. Green sturgeon exhibited a narrow and shallow depth distribution (typically < 100 m) over the continental shelf. This limited depth distribution makes green sturgeon vulnerable to trawl bycatch in the open ocean, which will increase if trawling within the narrow depth range increases. Although green sturgeon with PATs typically occupied depths of 40–70 m, they also occasionally made what appeared to be rapid vertical ascents to or near the surface. Green sturgeon tagged with PATs often were more active and occupied shallower depths at night than during the day. Green sturgeon are harvested by commercial, treaty, and sport fisheries. Because the population trends and abundance of green sturgeon are uncertain, and because green sturgeon from the main spawning rivers are probably mixed along the U.S. West Coast, conservative management measures should be implemented throughout the species’ range to limit fishing mortality and ensure effective conservation.

scholarly journals Do Animals Play a Role in the Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)? A Commentary

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Anna Costagliola ◽  
Giovanna Liguori ◽  
Danila d’Angelo ◽  
Caterina Costa ◽  
Francesca Ciani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Partial Protection ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
First Case ◽  
And Behavior

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) belongs to the Beta-coronavirus genus. It is 96.2% homologous to bat CoV RaTG13 and 88% homologous to two bat SARS-like coronaviruses. SARS-CoV-2 is the infectious agent responsible for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which was first reported in the Hubei province of Wuhan, China, at the beginning of December 2019. Human transmission from COVID-19 patients or incubation carriers occurs via coughing, sneezing, speaking, discharge from the nose, or fecal contamination. Various strains of the virus have been reported around the world, with different virulence and behavior. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 shares certain epitopes with some taxonomically related viruses, with tropism for the most common synanthropic animals. By elucidating the immunological properties of the circulating SARS-CoV-2, a partial protection due to human–animal interactions could be supposed in some situations. In addition, differential epitopes could be used for the differential diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. There have been cases of transmission from people with COVID-19 to pets such as cats and dogs. In addition, wild felines were infected. All These animals were either asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic and recovered spontaneously. Experimental studies showed cats and ferrets to be more susceptible to COVID-19. COVID-19 positive dogs and felines do not transmit the infection to humans. In contrast, minks at farms were severely infected from people with COVID-19. A SARS-Cov-2 variant in the Danish farmed mink that had been previously infected by COVID-19 positive workers, spread to mink workers causing the first case of animal-to-human infection transmission that causes a moderate decreased sensitivity to neutralizing antibodies. Thus, more investigations are necessary. It remains important to understand the risk that people with COVID-19 pose to their pets, as well as wild or farm animals so effective recommendations and risk management measures against COVID-19 can be made. A One Health unit that facilitates collaboration between public health and veterinary services is recommended.

Migration of green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris, in the Sacramento River

2008 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph C. Heublein ◽  
John T. Kelly ◽  
Carlos E. Crocker ◽  
A. Peter Klimley ◽  
Steven T. Lindley
Keyword(s):  
Sacramento River ◽  
Green Sturgeon ◽  
Acipenser Medirostris

Reply to “Comment on ‘Which Earthquake Accounts Matter?’ by Susan E. Hough and Stacey S. Martin” by David J. Wald

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Hough ◽  
Stacey S. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Macroseismic Data ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Science Projects ◽  
Community Science ◽  
The U.S

Abstract We thank David Wald (Wald, 2021; henceforth, W21) for his interest in our recent article (Hough and Martin, 2021; henceforth, HM21). Although different perspectives are vital in science, we are concerned that W21 misrepresents HM21 as an oblique criticism of the U.S. Geological Survey “Did You Feel It?” (DYFI) system, calling for HM21 to be retracted. Readers who are interested in the issues raised by HM21 and the statements made by us therein are referred to that article. In this brief reply, we respond to specific accusations made by W21 and return to the focus of HM21, calling attention to the extent to which macroseismic data sets and inferences drawn from them can be shaped by a lack of representation among individuals whose observations are available to science. HM21 never questioned the benefits of the community science DYFI project to science. HM21 noted, however, and we reiterate here, that community science also potentially benefits the community. Whether or not it matters for science, if participation in community science projects is unrepresentative across socioeconomic groups, it underscores the need for the scientific community to be proactive in its efforts to reach out to groups that have been underserved by current outreach and education programs. We appreciate this opportunity to continue the important conversation about representation.

scholarly journals Depth distribution of belowground net primary production across global biomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongkui Luo ◽  
Guocheng Wang ◽  
Liujun Xiao ◽  
Xiali Mao ◽  
Xiaowei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Depth Distribution ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Belowground Carbon ◽  
Belowground Net Primary Production

Abstract The depth distribution of belowground net primary production (BNPP) has been unquantified globally, hindering our understanding of belowground carbon dynamics. We synthesize global observational data sets to infer the depth allocation of BNPP down to 2 m, and map depth-specific BNPP globally at 1 km resolution. We estimate that global average BNPP in the 0–20 soil layer is 1.1 Mg C ha–1 yr–1, accounting for >50% of total BNPP. Across the globe, the depth distribution of BNPP shows large variability, and more BNPP is allocated to deeper layers in hotter and drier regions. Edaphic, climatic and topographic properties (in the order of importance) can explain >80% of such variability in different soil depths; and the direction and magnitude of the influence of individual properties (e.g., precipitation and soil nutrient) are soil depth- and biome-dependent. Our results provide global benchmarks for predictions of whole-soil carbon profiles across global biomes.

scholarly journals Measuring the Morphology and Dynamics of the Snake River by Remote Sensing

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
Carl Legleiter
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Image Data ◽  
River System ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Hyperspectral Data ◽  
Snake River ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Channel Form ◽  
And Behavior

The Snake River is a central component of Grand Teton National Park, and this dynamic fluvial system plays a key role in shaping the landscape and creating diverse aquatic and terrestrial habitat. The river’s complexity and propensity for change make effective characterization of this resource difficult, however, and conventional, ground-based methods are simply inadequate. Remote sensing provides an appealing alternative approach that could facilitate resource management while providing novel insight on the factors controlling channel form and behavior. In this study, we evaluate the potential to measure the morphology and dynamics of a large, complex river system such as the Snake using optical image data. Initially, we made use of existing, publicly available images and basic digital aerial photography acquired in August 2010. Analysis to date has focused on estimating flow depths from these data, and preliminary results indicate that remote bathymetric mapping is feasible but not highly accurate, with important constraints related to the limited radiometric resolution of these data sets. Additional, more sophisticated hyperspectral data are scheduled for collection in 2011, along with further field work.

scholarly journals Unchurched Christian Nationalism and the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Stroope ◽  
Paul Froese ◽  
Heather Rackin ◽  
Jack Delehanty
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Religious Ideology ◽  
Political Effects ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Christian Nationalism ◽  
The U.S

Prior research found that Christian nationalism was strongly associated with voting for Trump in the 2016 U.S. presidential election. However, the effects of Christian nationalism may depend on voters’ religiosity. We assess whether the association between Christian nationalism and Trump support differed for churchgoers and non-churchgoers and find that Christian nationalism is not significantly associated with Trump support among churchgoing voters. Instead, Christian nationalism is only significantly associated with Trump support among unchurched voters. These results suggest that while religious ideology remains a key driver of political attitudes and behavior in the U.S., its effects may have less to do with embeddedness in traditional religious organizations and more to do with the ways people use religious narratives in everyday life to construct and defend symbolic boundaries. At a time when fewer Americans attend religious services, religious narratives about Christian nationhood may have their strongest political effects when, and perhaps because, they are detached from religious institutions.

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