MANAGERIAL CHALLENGES IN USING LEAN TECHNIQUES IN DESIGNING A COMPREHENSIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF ORGANIZATION LOGISTICS AND PHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM: A CASE OF DEPARTMENT OF FIELD SUPPORT (DFS), UNITED NATIONS

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the managerial challenges in using lean techniques in designing a comprehensive characterization of the organization logistics and physical distribution system. The study further sought to determine the extent to which these challenges impact the logistics and physical distribution of goods and informed managerial practices.Methodology: The study employed a qualitative research design. The study targeted all the senior managers at Director Levels at the GSC and the RSC and all the senior operational staff from supply chain and service delivery pillars in three (03) large Field Missions. These field missions are namely United Nations Stabilization Mission in Congo (MONUSCO); United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS); and the United Nations Support Office for AMISOM (UNSOA). This study used purposive sampling technique. The researcher purposively sampled fifteen (15) personnel; with three (03) participants each from the GSC, RSC, and three (03) participants each from the three (03) Field Mission. Primary data was obtained from the original sources using questionnaires and interview.Findings: The results revealed that DFS did face various challenges in the implementation of lean strategies and that the operational difficulties experienced within its operations across field missions resulted in reduced customer satisfaction, increased supplier lead time and increased operational costs. The respondents indicated that they experienced a lack of understanding of the complexity of supply chain at the senior leadership level whereby most initiatives are tainted with personal agenda as a consequent the biggest hurdle to overcome is gaining enthusiasm and trust of the staff. They also indicated that there is a high risk of asset waste and loss due to assets remaining in stock for over one year without use. Further, they indicated that there are weaknesses in the management of construction or “self-constructed” projects; and weaknesses in the restructuring of the department of peacekeeping operations.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that DFS should foster a continuous performance improvement mindset among staffs through planning, doing, checking and taking corrective actions on a balanced scorecard that integrates and aligns staff motivation and interest to the objectives of the organization. Also, objective and fair work plan and performance management are an ingredient to foster continuous improvement

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AN ANALYSIS OF LOGICAL CONSISTENCY IN THE APPLICATION OF LEAN TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE BUSINESS PROCESSES AND SERVICE DELIVERY: A CASE OF DEPARTMENT OF FIELD SUPPORT (DFS), UNITED NATIONS

International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics ◽

10.47941/ijscl.v1i2.90 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Michael Boima Kemokai

Keyword(s):

Service Delivery ◽

United Nations ◽

Performance Monitoring ◽

Business Processes ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Primary Data ◽

Large Field ◽

Logical Consistency ◽

Internal Resources

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the logical consistency in the application of lean techniques to improve the DFS business processes and service delivery and to create logistical pinch-points that improved the logistics and physical distribution of goods from the GSC and RSC to Field Missions.Methodology: The study employed a qualitative research design. The study targeted all the senior managers at Director Levels at the GSC and the RSC and all the senior operational staff from supply chain and service delivery pillars in three (03) large Field Missions. These field missions are namely United Nations Stabilization Mission in Congo (MONUSCO); United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS); and the United Nations Support Office for AMISOM (UNSOA). This study used purposive sampling technique. The researcher purposively sampled fifteen (15) personnel; with three (03) participants each from the GSC, RSC, and three (03) participants each from the three (03) Field Mission. Primary data was obtained from the original sources using questionnaires and interview.Findings: The respondents indicated that the logical consistencies observed needed an understanding, through measurement, a reordering model that included lead time, reorder point, and safety stock. The respondents also indicated that the consistencies observed mainly relates to the overall approach of being more customer oriented while trying to optimize business processes and workflows. However, the respondents indicated that there were limitations in how the various organizations diversely applied lean concepts. There was no clear guidance provided on areas requiring higher prioritization; consistency throughout the departments, divisions and, missions when changes are applied (i.e. in structures, and functional organizational units). Additionally, lean analyzes were conducted mainly by internal resources that may not have been completely objective on areas being investigated, therefore bringing bias and subjectivity. Internal resources using lean techniques may not have been complete. Finally, the respondents indicated that there is no clear guidance yet. Policies and training have to be provided to staff prior implementing lean techniques.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that there is need to establish formal strategic plans to direct and align the work of the organization and supported by objectives and data-driven performance monitoring, analysis, and reporting. The study also recommends that there is a need for more efficient monitoring and evaluation of all GA resolutions and audit recommendations. The organization needs to monitor the manner of compliance with the provisions of the memorandums of understanding.

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AN ANALYSIS OF LOGICAL CONSISTENCY IN THE APPLICATION OF LEAN TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE BUSINESS PROCESSES AND SERVICE DELIVERY: A CASE OF DEPARTMENT OF FIELD SUPPORT (DFS), UNITED NATIONS

International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics ◽

10.47941/ijscl.90 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 1-27

Author(s):

Michael Boima Kemokai

Keyword(s):

Service Delivery ◽

United Nations ◽

Performance Monitoring ◽

Business Processes ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Primary Data ◽

Large Field ◽

Logical Consistency ◽

Internal Resources

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the logical consistency in the application of lean techniques to improve the DFS business processes and service delivery and to create logistical pinch-points that improved the logistics and physical distribution of goods from the GSC and RSC to Field Missions.Methodology: The study employed a qualitative research design. The study targeted all the senior managers at Director Levels at the GSC and the RSC and all the senior operational staff from supply chain and service delivery pillars in three (03) large Field Missions. These field missions are namely United Nations Stabilization Mission in Congo (MONUSCO); United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS); and the United Nations Support Office for AMISOM (UNSOA). This study used purposive sampling technique. The researcher purposively sampled fifteen (15) personnel; with three (03) participants each from the GSC, RSC, and three (03) participants each from the three (03) Field Mission. Primary data was obtained from the original sources using questionnaires and interview.Findings: The respondents indicated that the logical consistencies observed needed an understanding, through measurement, a reordering model that included lead time, reorder point, and safety stock. The respondents also indicated that the consistencies observed mainly relates to the overall approach of being more customer oriented while trying to optimize business processes and workflows. However, the respondents indicated that there were limitations in how the various organizations diversely applied lean concepts. There was no clear guidance provided on areas requiring higher prioritization; consistency throughout the departments, divisions and, missions when changes are applied (i.e. in structures, and functional organizational units). Additionally, lean analyzes were conducted mainly by internal resources that may not have been completely objective on areas being investigated, therefore bringing bias and subjectivity. Internal resources using lean techniques may not have been complete. Finally, the respondents indicated that there is no clear guidance yet. Policies and training have to be provided to staff prior implementing lean techniques.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that there is need to establish formal strategic plans to direct and align the work of the organization and supported by objectives and data-driven performance monitoring, analysis, and reporting. The study also recommends that there is a need for more efficient monitoring and evaluation of all GA resolutions and audit recommendations. The organization needs to monitor the manner of compliance with the provisions of the memorandums of understanding.

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Decision Support System for Real Time Vehicle Routing in Indian Dairy Industry: A Case Study

International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management ◽

10.4018/ijisscm.2013100105 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 77-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

R. A. Malairajan ◽

K. Ganesh ◽

M. Punnniyamoorthy ◽

S. P. Anbuudayasankar

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Decision Support ◽

Supply Chain Management ◽

Decision Support System ◽

Vehicle Routing ◽

Support System ◽

Distribution System ◽

Physical Distribution ◽

Chain Management ◽

Distribution Logistics

In today’s highly competitive and demanding environment, the pressure on both public and private organizations is to achieve a better way to deliver values to end customers. There has been a growing recognition that the two goals, cost reduction and customer service are achieved through Logistics and Supply Chain Management (SCM). Transportation of goods continues an important part of in-bound as well as outbound logistics of Supply Chain Management (SCM). Efficient distribution of goods and services is of great importance in today’s competitive market, because transportation constitutes a considerable portion of the purchase price of most products or services. Vehicle routing is considered as an important resource in a distribution logistics management system. Effective plan and control of vehicle operation can significantly reduce the cost of physical distribution system. To overcome the challenges of changing environment, the scheme of vehicle control of a physical distribution system should be dynamic. Thus India has become the top milk producing country in the world. This study addresses the vehicle routing aspect of distribution logistics in Sangam dairy supply chain of Guntur district in Andhra Pradesh. The problem is viewed as Vehicle Routing Problem with Backhauls (VRPB) and a mathematical model is developed with the consideration of various practical constraints. Moreover, a decision support system is developed for dynamic VRPB, which would help the manager in making operational and tactical decisions.

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INFLUENCE OF LEAN STRATEGIES ON COST AND REDUCING NONE VALUE ADDED SERVICES IN THE OPERATIONS OF THE UN SERVICE CENTERS: A CASE OF DEPARTMENT OF FIELD SUPPORT (DFS), UNITED NATIONS

International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics ◽

10.47941/ijscl.v1i1.87 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 61

Author(s):

Michael Boima Kemokai

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Customer Satisfaction ◽

Service Delivery ◽

United Nations ◽

Asset Management ◽

Value Added ◽

Large Field ◽

Unique Contribution ◽

Service Center ◽

Customer Service Level

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of lean strategies on cost and reducing none value added services in the operations of the UN Service Centers and to explore the extent to which the Global Service Center (GSC) and the Regional Service Center (RSC) are useful tools in fostering service delivery through a robust SCM system.Methodology: The study employed a qualitative research design. The study targeted all the senior managers at Director Levels at the GSC and the RSC and all the senior operational staff from supply chain and service delivery pillars in three (03) large Field Missions. These field missions are namely United Nations Stabilization Mission in Congo (MONUSCO); United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS); and the United Nations Support Office for AMISOM (UNSOA). This study used purposive sampling technique. The researcher purposively sampled fifteen (15) personnel; with three (03) participants each from the GSC, RSC, and three (03) participants each from the three (03) Field Mission. Primary data was obtained from the original sources using questionnaires and interview.Findings: Results revealed that the use of lean strategies had not produced any noticeable result because of its infancy. Results also revealed that the use of lean strategies assisted the DFS gained economy of scale, centralization, standardization and higher global visibility on resources across Field Missions. Furthermore, results also showed that with the use of lean strategies, the DFS was able to transfer core supply chain functions from LSD to GSC. For instance, Global Asset Management is one example, and it allowed for better global visibility of resources across the organization. Results showed that UN Service Centers and Field Mission did not understand the needs of the end customer. Hence, the DFS ought to make changes on its operations in a bid to achieve customer satisfaction. Results showed that UN Service Centers and Field Mission did not understand the needs of the end customer. Hence, the DFS ought to make changes on its operations in a bid to achieve customer satisfaction. The results revealed that GSC and RSC-E as tools are quite useful, but there is still room for improvement. The results also revealed that GSC and RSC-E as tools have strengthened the Department's capacity as well as the asset management. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends the incorporation of balanced performance knowledge in the integration of people, processes, technology and customer service level to ensure customer satisfaction while proving economy and effectiveness in dedicated resources. Shared and remote services help optimize resources, minimize the number of support staff in danger zones, balance workload and ensure business continuity. The study also recommends that DFS should foster a continuous performance improvement mindset among staff through planning, doing, checking and taking corrective actions on a balanced scorecard that integrates and aligns staff motivation and interest to the objectives of the organization. Also, objective and fair work plan and performance management are an ingredient to foster continuous improvement.

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Delineating Supply Chain Management (SCM) Features in Construction Project Delivery: The Nigerian Case

International Journal of Construction Supply Chain Management ◽

10.14424/ijcscm701017-01-19 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1-19

Author(s):

Benedict Amade ◽

◽

Peter Okon Edem Akpan ◽

Francis Uzoma Amaeshi ◽

Kevin Aku Okorocha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Construction Projects ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Primary Data ◽

Exploratory Research ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Supply Chain Finance ◽

Construction Firm ◽

Supply Chain Orientation

This study sought to delineate SCM features using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) with a view to incorporating it into the delivery of construction projects in Nigeria. The study adopted an exploratory research design (quantitative and qualitative) methods. A purposive and convenient sampling technique was deployed with the aid of semi-structured interview, case study; questionnaire survey in a construction firm in Port-Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data after being pre-tested via a pilot study for validity and reliability. The data collected were analysed using the AHP. Findings from the study shows that the following features are key; Instituting trust and long term relationships amongst supply chain partners (ITP), supply chain finance (SCF), supply chain and continuous performance measurement (SCCPM), information technology (IT), quality management (QM), supply base management (SBM), senior management’s commitment (SMC) and supply chain orientation (SCO). In delivering construction projects to success using the SCM approach, adequate attention and emphasis should be accorded to the aforementioned important features in the order they appear as they would aid in effecting the much needed success. It is also expected that the features would further be beneficial to construction firms as it would enable the firms to manage, measure and evaluate the gains ensuing from the deployment of SCM techniques.

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INFLUENCE OF LEAN STRATEGIES ON COST AND REDUCING NONE VALUE ADDED SERVICES IN THE OPERATIONS OF THE UN SERVICE CENTERS: A CASE OF DEPARTMENT OF FIELD SUPPORT (DFS), UNITED NATIONS

International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics ◽

10.47941/ijscl.87 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 61-85

Author(s):

Michael Boima Kemokai

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Customer Satisfaction ◽

Service Delivery ◽

United Nations ◽

Asset Management ◽

Value Added ◽

Large Field ◽

Unique Contribution ◽

Service Center ◽

Customer Service Level

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of lean strategies on cost and reducing none value added services in the operations of the UN Service Centers and to explore the extent to which the Global Service Center (GSC) and the Regional Service Center (RSC) are useful tools in fostering service delivery through a robust SCM system.Methodology: The study employed a qualitative research design. The study targeted all the senior managers at Director Levels at the GSC and the RSC and all the senior operational staff from supply chain and service delivery pillars in three (03) large Field Missions. These field missions are namely United Nations Stabilization Mission in Congo (MONUSCO); United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS); and the United Nations Support Office for AMISOM (UNSOA). This study used purposive sampling technique. The researcher purposively sampled fifteen (15) personnel; with three (03) participants each from the GSC, RSC, and three (03) participants each from the three (03) Field Mission. Primary data was obtained from the original sources using questionnaires and interview.Findings: Results revealed that the use of lean strategies had not produced any noticeable result because of its infancy. Results also revealed that the use of lean strategies assisted the DFS gained economy of scale, centralization, standardization and higher global visibility on resources across Field Missions. Furthermore, results also showed that with the use of lean strategies, the DFS was able to transfer core supply chain functions from LSD to GSC. For instance, Global Asset Management is one example, and it allowed for better global visibility of resources across the organization. Results showed that UN Service Centers and Field Mission did not understand the needs of the end customer. Hence, the DFS ought to make changes on its operations in a bid to achieve customer satisfaction. Results showed that UN Service Centers and Field Mission did not understand the needs of the end customer. Hence, the DFS ought to make changes on its operations in a bid to achieve customer satisfaction. The results revealed that GSC and RSC-E as tools are quite useful, but there is still room for improvement. The results also revealed that GSC and RSC-E as tools have strengthened the Department's capacity as well as the asset management. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends the incorporation of balanced performance knowledge in the integration of people, processes, technology and customer service level to ensure customer satisfaction while proving economy and effectiveness in dedicated resources. Shared and remote services help optimize resources, minimize the number of support staff in danger zones, balance workload and ensure business continuity. The study also recommends that DFS should foster a continuous performance improvement mindset among staff through planning, doing, checking and taking corrective actions on a balanced scorecard that integrates and aligns staff motivation and interest to the objectives of the organization. Also, objective and fair work plan and performance management are an ingredient to foster continuous improvement.

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Umpan Balik Sistem Pakar Sebagai Penilaian Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Multistrada Arah Sarana, Tbk

BMAJ Business Management Analysis Journal ◽

10.24176/bmaj.v2i1.3211 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 52-67

Author(s):

Iwan Iwan Wan

Keyword(s):

Production Process ◽

Performance Management ◽

Psychosocial Development ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Primary Data ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Market Needs ◽

Giving Feedback ◽

Employee Needs

One important factor is giving feedback or review in the production process. The aim is to keep the production process running well and smoothly to produce a number of targeted items to meet market needs. Evidence-based performance management relies on feedback that relies on facts rather than opinions. Giving the type of feedback must be tailored to the needs of employees. Employee needs are related to the level of psychosocial development of employees.The other feedback function that is most often used is a tool to motivate. this study, researchers used a type of descriptive qualitative research. The data sources used in this study are 2 types, namely: Primary data, and Secondary data. This study used purposive sampling technique, and the data analysis technique used in this study was the interactive model.

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Profiling Actors and Risk Management in the Cashew Supply Chain in Kogi State, Nigeria

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2021/v40i1731429 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 11-20

Author(s):

M. K. Ibrahim

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Financial Literacy ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Primary Data ◽

Socioeconomic Indicators ◽

Agricultural Insurance ◽

Cashew Nut ◽

Related Risk ◽

The Mean ◽

Supply Chain Risks

This study profiled actors and analysed the risks associated with cashew supply chain in Kogi State, Nigeria. It specifically profiled actors in the cashew supply chain by socioeconomic indicators, identified the risks associated with the cashew supply chain, ascertain the severity of the supply chain risks, and assessed the strategies employed by the actors to mitigate the effects of the risks. Multistage random sampling technique was used to select one hundred cashew nut farmers, twenty each of major buyers, warehouse owners and processors. Primary data used for the study was obtained using questionnaire design and interview schedule. Data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics.. More males were involved in the cashew supply chain than their female counterpart. The mean age was 37 years, 39 years, 40 years and 37 years for farmers, major buyers, warehouse owners, and processors respectively. Production and climate related risks were more recorded among the cashew nut farmers and processors. Financial related risks is a major source of risk among actors whose activities are marketing related, while government policy or institutional related risks was recorded across all actors in the cashew supply chain. Furthermore, 95% and 65% of farmers and processors respectively, in the cashew supply chain agreed to the severity of production related risks in their activities, while 85%, 80%, 75% and 70% of farmers, major buyers, warehouse owners and processors respectively, agreed to the severity of financial related risks. Climate related risk were more severe among the farmers (75%) while the severity of institutional related risk were more among major buyers (85%) and warehouse owners (75%). The various strategies employed by actors across the cashew supply chain to mitigate the effects of risks were generally preventive strategies. Based on the findings from the study, the need for cooperative formation, financial literacy training, and awareness on the need for agricultural insurance participation by farmers and other agribusiness actors were recommended.

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ANALISIS RANTAI NILAI IKAN CAKALANG DI KOTA AMBON, MALUKU

Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan ◽

10.15578/jsekp.v12i1.6303 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 93

Author(s):

Estu Sri Luhur ◽

Risna Yusuf

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Cold Storage ◽

Value Chain ◽

Distribution System ◽

Value Added ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Marketing Channel ◽

Value Chain Analysis ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Chain Analysis

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji rantai nilai komoditas ikan cakalang sehingga diperolehbesaran nilai tambah dan tingkat efisiensi pada setiap simpul rantai pasok. Data yang digunakan adalahdata primer dan sekunder dari instansi terkait dan pelaku usaha. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancarakepada responden dengan teknik purposive dan snowball sampling. Data selanjutnya dianalisis dengananalisis nilai tambah, rantai pasok dan rantai nilai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemasaranikan cakalang memiliki tiga saluran distribusi yaitu: (1) dari nelayan ke pedagang pengumpul danke pedagang pengecer; (2) dari nelayan ke pedagang pengumpul kemudian ke pengolah ikan asar,dan; (3) dari nelayan ke UPI/cold storage. Analisis rantai pasok menunjukkan bahwa ikan cakalangsebagian besar (50%) didistribusikan ke UPI/cold storage dan sisanya dengan porsi yang sama (25%)didistribusikan ke pedagang pengecer dan pengolah ikan asar. Analisis rantai nilai menunjukkan bahwanilai tambah terbesar dihasilkan pada saluran pemasaran kedua, yaitu sebesar Rp.23.062/kg. Simpulrantai pasok nelayan cenderung tidak efisien pada ketiga saluran pemasaran. Rekomendasi kebijakanyang diusulkan: (1) koordinasi dengan Bappeda dan Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan sebagaiupaya pengembangan industrialisasi ikan cakalang; (2) melakukan introduksi dan penyebaran teknologipengolahan ikan cakalang dari Balitbang KP dan perguruan tinggi setempat untuk meningkatkan nilaitambah produk, dan; (3) memperluas akses pasar dengan mengefisienkan sistem distribusi, baik melaluijalur laut maupun udara.Title: Value Chain Analysis of Skipjack Tuna in Ambon, MalukuThe purpose of this research was to analyze value chain of skipjack to get a quantity valueand a level of efficiency on each node supply chain. Research was conducted by using the primaryand secondary data from various relevant agencies and businessmen. Data collection was conductedthrough interview to respondent with using purposive and snowball sampling technique. Data wereanalyzed with value-added, supply chain and value chain analysis. The result showed that there werethree distribution channels of skipjack: (1) fisher’s to broker and to retailers; (2) fisher’s to broker and tofish processors, and; (3) fisher’s to cold storage. Supply chain analysis showed that mostly of skipjack(50%) distributed to cold storage and the rest distributed to retailers (25%) and fish processors (25%).Value chain analysis showed in the second marketing channel has the the largest value added, that isas 23.062 IDR per kilograms. On the third marketing channel, fisherman tend has an ineffiencent supplychain. Therefore,there are some recommendations are: (1) doing coordination among Bappeda,industryand trade office as an effort of developing skipjack industrialization; (2) doing introduction and spread ofprocessing technology of agency’s research and development of marine affairs and fisheries and localuniversity to increase value added products, and; (3) expanding market access both of air and sea routesfor having efficient distribution system.

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