scholarly journals Neutrosophic Orbit Topological Spaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 1443
Author(s):  
T Madhumathi ◽  
F NirmalaIrudayam
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical System ◽  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Topological Space ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Neutrosophic Set ◽  
Topological Spaces ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Evolution Function

Neutrosophy is a flourishing arena which conceptualizes the notion of true, falsity and indeterminancy attributes of an event. In the study of dynamical systems, an orbit is a collection of points related by the evolution function of the dynamical system. Hence in this paper we focus on introducing the concept of neutrosophic orbit topological space denoted as (X, tNO). Also, some of the important characteristics of neutrosophic orbit open sets are discussed with suitable examples. HIGHLIGHTS The orbit in mathematics has an important role in the study of dynamical systems Neutrosophy is a flourishing arena which conceptualizes the notion of true, falsity and indeterminancy attributes of an event. We combine the above two topics and create the following new concept The collection of all neutrosophic orbit open sets under the mapping . we introduce the necessary conditions on the mapping 𝒇 in order to obtain a fixed orbit of a neutrosophic set (i.e., 𝒇(𝝁) = 𝝁) for any neutrosophic orbit open set 𝝁 under the mapping 𝒇

A View on Fuzzy Minimal Open Sets and Fuzzy Maximal Open Sets

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Topological Space ◽  
Topological Spaces ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
New Class ◽  
Properties And Characterization ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Fuzzy Topological Space ◽  
Fuzzy Topological Spaces ◽  
Characterization Theorems

A nonzero fuzzy open set () of a fuzzy topological space is said to be fuzzy minimal open (resp. fuzzy maximal open) set if any fuzzy open set which is contained (resp. contains) in is either or itself (resp. either or itself). In this note, a new class of sets called fuzzy minimal open sets and fuzzy maximal open sets in fuzzy topological spaces are introduced and studied which are subclasses of open sets. Some basic properties and characterization theorems are also to be investigated.

scholarly journals On β-Open Sets and Ideals in Topological Spaces

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 893-905
Author(s):  
Glaisa T. Catalan ◽  
Roberto N. Padua ◽  
Michael Jr. Patula Baldado
Keyword(s):  
Topological Space ◽  
Compact Space ◽  
Topological Spaces ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Separated Sets ◽  
The Ideal

Let X be a topological space and I be an ideal in X. A subset A of a topological space X is called a β-open set if A ⊆ cl(int(cl(A))). A subset A of X is called β-open with respect to the ideal I, or βI -open, if there exists an open set U such that (1) U − A ∈ I, and (2) A − cl(int(cl(U))) ∈ I. A space X is said to be a βI -compact space if it is βI -compact as a subset. An ideal topological space (X, τ, I) is said to be a cβI -compact space if it is cβI -compact as a subset. An ideal topological space (X, τ, I) is said to be a countably βI -compact space if X is countably βI -compact as a subset. Two sets A and B in an ideal topological space (X, τ, I) is said to be βI -separated if clβI (A) ∩ B = ∅ = A ∩ clβ(B). A subset A of an ideal topological space (X, τ, I) is said to be βI -connected if it cannot be expressed as a union of two βI -separated sets. An ideal topological space (X, τ, I) is said to be βI -connected if X βI -connected as a subset. In this study, we introduced the notions βI -open set, βI -compact, cβI -compact, βI -hyperconnected, cβI -hyperconnected, βI -connected and βI -separated. Moreover, we investigated the concept β-open set by determining some of its properties relative to the above-mentioned notions.

scholarly journals Relations of Pre Generalized Regular Weakly Locally Closed Sets in Topological Spaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 3444-3454
Author(s):  
Vijayakumari T Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Topological Space ◽  
Topological Spaces ◽  
Closed Set ◽  
Closed Sets ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Continuous Maps ◽  
Locally Closed Sets

In this paper pgrw-locally closed set, pgrw-locally closed*-set and pgrw-locally closed**-set are introduced. A subset A of a topological space (X,t) is called pgrw-locally closed (pgrw-lc) if A=GÇF where G is a pgrw-open set and F is a pgrw-closed set in (X,t). A subset A of a topological space (X,t) is a pgrw-lc* set if there exist a pgrw-open set G and a closed set F in X such that A= GÇF. A subset A of a topological space (X,t) is a pgrw-lc**-set if there exists an open set G and a pgrw-closed set F such that A=GÇF. The results regarding pgrw-locally closed sets, pgrw-locally closed* sets, pgrw-locally closed** sets, pgrw-lc-continuous maps and pgrw-lc-irresolute maps and some of the properties of these sets and their relation with other lc-sets are established.

Topological Spaces with a Unique Compatible Quasi-Uniformity

1971 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Lindgren
Keyword(s):  
Topological Space ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Topological Spaces

In [ 2 ] P. Fletcher proved that a finite topological space has a unique compatible quasi-uniformity; C. Barnhill and P. Fletcher showed in [1] that a topological space (X, ), with finite, has a unique compatible quasiuniformity. In this note we give some necessary conditions for unique quasiuniformizability.

Algorithmic complexity of points in dynamical systems

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Homer S. White
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical System ◽  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Topological Entropy ◽  
Invariant Probability Measure ◽  
Algorithmic Complexity ◽  
Maximal Entropy ◽  
Property A ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Unique Measure ◽  
Set Of Points

AbstractThis work is based on the author's dissertation. We examine the algorithmic complexity (in the sense of Kolmogorov and Chaitin) of the orbits of points in dynamical systems. Extending a theorem of A. A. Brudno, we note that for any ergodic invariant probability measure on a compact dynamical system, almost every trajectory has a limiting complexity equal to the entropy of the system. We use these results to show that for minimal dynamical systems, and for systems with the tracking property (a weaker version of specification), the set of points whose trajectories have upper complexity equal to the topological entropy is residual. We give an example of a topologically transitive system with positive entropy for which an uncountable open set of points has upper complexity equal to zero. We use techniques from universal data compression to prove a recurrence theorem: if a compact dynamical system has a unique measure of maximal entropy, then any point whose lower complexity is equal to the topological entropy is generic for that unique measure. Finally, we discuss algorithmic versions of the theorem of Kamae on preservation of the class of normal sequences under selection by sequences of zero Kamae-entropy.

scholarly journals Soft ideal topological space and mixed fuzzy soft ideal topological space

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-151
Author(s):  
Manash Borah ◽  
Bipan Hazarika
Keyword(s):  
Topological Space ◽  
Topological Spaces ◽  
Open Set

In this paper we introduce fuzzy soft ideal and mixed fuzzy soft ideal topological spaces and some properties of this space. Also we introduce fuzzy soft $I$-open set, fuzzy soft $\alpha$-$I$-open set, fuzzy soft pre-$I$-open set, fuzzy soft semi-$I$-open set and fuzzy soft $\beta$-$I$-open set and discuss some of their properties.

ON THE SPECTRALIFICATION OF A HEMISPECTRAL SPACE

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 687-699
Author(s):  
OTHMAN ECHI ◽  
MOHAMED OUELD ABDALLAHI
Keyword(s):  
Topological Space ◽  
Open Subset ◽  
Full Subcategory ◽  
Topological Spaces ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Complete Answer ◽  
Reflective Subcategory ◽  
Continuous Map ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Spectral Spaces

An open subset U of a topological space X is called intersection compact open, or ICO, if for every compact open set Q of X, U ∩ Q is compact. A continuous map f of topological spaces will be called spectral if f-1 carries ICO sets to ICO sets. Call a topological space Xhemispectral, if the intersection of two ICO sets of X is an ICO. Let HSPEC be the category whose objects are hemispectral spaces and arrows spectral maps. Let SPEC be the full subcategory of HSPEC whose objects are spectral spaces. The main result of this paper proves that SPEC is a reflective subcategory of HSPEC. This gives a complete answer to Problem BST1 of "O. Echi, H. Marzougui and E. Salhi, Problems from the Bizerte–Sfax–Tunis seminar, in Open Problems in Topology II, ed. E. Pearl (Elsevier, 2007), pp. 669–674."

scholarly journals Pre Separation Axioms In Neutrosophic Crisp Topological Spaces

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Riad K. Al Al-Hamido ◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
Luai Salha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Topological Space ◽  
The Other ◽  
Topological Spaces ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Separation Axioms ◽  
New Type

In this paper, A new type of separation axioms in the neutrosophic crisp Topological space named neutrosophic crisp pre separation axioms is going to be defined , in which neutrosophic crisp pre open set and neutrosophic crisp point are to be depended on. Also, relations among them and the other type are going to be found.

scholarly journals BOUNDING THE MINIMUM ORDER OF Aπ-BASE

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-328
Author(s):  
MARÍA MUÑOZ
Keyword(s):  
Topological Space ◽  
Topological Spaces ◽  
Hausdorff Spaces ◽  
Minimum Order ◽  
Compact Spaces ◽  
Cardinal Invariants ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
The Family ◽  
The One

AbstractLetXbe a topological space. A family ℬ of nonempty open sets inXis called aπ-base ofXif for each open setUinXthere existsB∈ℬ such thatB⊂U. The order of aπ-base ℬ at a pointxis the cardinality of the family ℬx={B∈ℬ:x∈B} and the order of theπ-base ℬ is the supremum of the orders of ℬ at each pointx∈X. A classical theorem of Shapirovskiĭ [‘Special types of embeddings in Tychonoff cubes’, in:Subspaces of Σ-Products and Cardinal Invariants, Topology, Coll. Math. Soc. J. Bolyai, 23 (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1980), pp. 1055–1086; ‘Cardinal invariants in compact Hausdorff spaces’,Amer. Math. Soc. Transl.134(1987), 93–118] establishes that the minimum order of aπ-base is bounded by the tightness of the space when the space is compact. Since then, there have been many attempts at improving the result. Finally, in [‘The projectiveπ-character bounds the order of aπ-base’,Proc. Amer. Math. Soc.136(2008), 2979–2984], Juhász and Szentmiklóssy proved that the minimum order of aπ-base is bounded by the ‘projectiveπ-character’ of the space for any topological space (not only for compact spaces), improving Shapirovskiĭ’s theorem. The projectiveπ-character is in some sense an ‘external’ cardinal function. Our purpose in this paper is, on the one hand, to give bounds of the projectiveπ-character using ‘internal’ topological properties of the subspaces on compact spaces. On the other hand, we give a bound on the minimum order of aπ-base using other cardinal functions in the frame of general topological spaces. Open questions are posed.

scholarly journals The structure of tame minimal dynamical systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1819-1837 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELI GLASNER
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical System ◽  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Probability Measure ◽  
Topological Space ◽  
Haar Measure ◽  
Invariant Probability Measure ◽  
Structure Theory ◽  
Convergence Of Sequences ◽  
Minimal Dynamical Systems ◽  
Minimal Dynamical System

AbstractA dynamical version of the Bourgain–Fremlin–Talagrand dichotomy shows that the enveloping semigroup of a dynamical system is either very large and contains a topological copy of $\beta \mathbb {N}$, or it is a ‘tame’ topological space whose topology is determined by the convergence of sequences. In the latter case, the dynamical system is said to be tame. We use the structure theory of minimal dynamical systems to show that, when the acting group is Abelian, a tame metric minimal dynamical system (i) is almost automorphic (i.e. it is an almost one-to-one extension of an equicontinuous system), and (ii) admits a unique invariant probability measure such that the corresponding measure-preserving system is measure-theoretically isomorphic to the Haar measure system on the maximal equicontinuous factor.

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