scholarly journals Effect of Different Types of Enamel Conditioners on the Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Daneshkazemi ◽  
A.R. Davari ◽  
S. Yassaei ◽  
M.H. Yosefi
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Control Group ◽  
System Control ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Bonding System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Aim A unique characteristic of some new bonding systems in operative dentistry is they combine conditioning and priming agents into a single acidic primer solution for simultaneous use on both enamel and dentin. Combining conditioning and priming into a single treatment step results in improvement in both time and costeffectiveness to the clinician and, indirectly, to the patient. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the use of a self-etching primer on the bond strength of orthodontic brackets and on the bracket/ adhesive failure mode. Methods and Materials Thirty-six fresh bovine incisors were collected and stored in a solution of 0.1% (weight/volume) thymol. The criteria for tooth selection included intact buccal enamel, no cracks caused by the presence of the extraction forceps, and no defects. The teeth were cleansed and polished with pumice and rubber prophylactic cups for ten seconds. Brackets were bonded to the teeth according to one of three protocols following the manufacturers’ instructions - Group 1: Conventional multistep bonding system (control group) (n=12); Group 2: Self-etching primer system (n=12); and Group 3: Acid+self-etching primer system (n=12). Specimens were loaded to failure in a Zwick test machine (Zwick GmbH & Co, Ulm, Germany). Shear bond strengths were measured at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min. Results The mean shear bond strength in megapascals (Mpa) (standard deviation) were 11.7 (4.2), 10.5 (4.4), and 10.9 (4.8) for Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the three groups. The results indicated no significant difference in the bond strength between the three groups (P=0.800). The results of the Chi square test, evaluating the residual adhesives on the enamel surfaces, revealed no significant difference between the three groups (P=0.554). Conclusion Results of the present in vitro study indicate the use of self-etching primers may be an alternative to conventional phosphoric acid pre-treatment in orthodontic bonding. Citation Davari AR, Yassaei S, Daneshkazemi AR, Yosefi MH . Effect of Different Types of Enamel Conditioners on the Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 January;(8)1:036-043.

scholarly journals Effect of Cyclic Loading on Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets: An In Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Moslem Imani ◽  
Farzaneh Aghajani ◽  
Nafiseh Momeni ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Ahmad Akhoundi
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Bonding System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bonding Systems ◽  
Self Etch

Objectives: In clinical conditions, orthodontic brackets are exposed to periodic stresses mainly induced by mastication and intraoral forces. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of cyclic loading to simulate masticatory forces on shear bond strength (SBS) of metal brackets bonded to teeth using self-etch and total-etch bonding systems. Materials and Methods: Eighty-four caries- and crack-free bovine mandibular incisors were selected and randomly assigned to two groups based on the type of bonding system. After bonding, all samples were thermocycled (500 cycles) followed by cyclic loading of the half of the specimens in each group by applying 40 N load with 2 Hz frequency for 10,000 cycles. The SBS was measured using a universal testing machine. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) score was calculated subsequently. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, two-way ANOVA and Mann-Whitney test. Results: The SBS was 10.09±3.78 MPa and 14.44±6.06 MPa for self-etch and total-etch bonding systems in cyclic loading group, respectively. The SBS was 9.43±5.3 MPa and 11.31±5.42 MPa in self-etch and total-etch groups without cyclic loading, respectively. Cyclic loading did not cause any significant difference in SBS (P>0.05). The ARI scores of the groups were significantly different (P<0.05). Conclusions: The present results demonstrated that low masticatory forces at 10,000 cycles did not have a significant impact on bracket-adhesive SBS; however, they significantly changed the ARI score. Even though the total-etch bonding system yielded higher SBS than the self-etch system, the performance of both was clinically acceptable.

scholarly journals Effect of Self-etchant pH on Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets: An in vitro Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
BM Shivalinga ◽  
H Jyothikiran ◽  
Amit Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Control Group ◽  
System Control ◽  
Bond System

ABSTRACT Aims To determine the effect of self-etchant pH on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets; to compare the shear bond strengths of brackets bonded with three SEPs and brackets bonded with conventional etch, rinse, bond method and to find the brackets/adhesive failure mode. Materials and methods One hundred and twenty premolar teeth were cleaned, mounted, and randomly divided into four groups of 30 samples each- Transbond XT conventional etch and bond system (control), Adper SE Plus SEP (3M ESPE) with a pH of 0.9 to 1.0, Transbond Plus SEP (3M Unitek) with a pH of about 1.0 and Clearfil SE Bond SEP (Kuraray America) with a pH of around 2.0. All teeth were bonded with Transbond XT paste (3M Unitek). The teeth were debonded within half an hour after initial bonding by using a universal testing machine. The residual adhesive on each tooth was evaluated. ANOVA was used to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of the three groups, and the Chi-square test was used to compare the adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores for the three groups. Results ANOVA indicated significant differences between the groups. Clearfil attained the SBS (6.5 ± 0.6689 MPa) closest to the control group, whereas Adper inspite of being the most aggressive recorded the lowest SBS (5.7 ± 0.5695 MPa). Transbond self-etching primer achieved a mean SBS of 6.1 ± 0.6211 MPa. However, all the three SEPs recorded SBS which was significantly less than that of Transbond conventional etch, rinse and bond system (11.8027 ± 0.8059 MPa). The comparisons of the ARI scores between the three groups indicated that bracket failure mode was significantly different between the three groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion These findings show that factors other than pH, such as the ability of the bonding adhesive to form a chemical bond to enamel and the strength of the bonding adhesive itself, significantly influence the SBS of orthodontic brackets. How to cite this article Goyal A, Jyothikiran H, Shivalinga BM. Effect of Self-etchant pH on Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets: An in vitro Study. World J Dent 2012;3(1):41-49.

scholarly journals Evaluation of metallic brackets adhesion after the use of bleaching gels with and without amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP): in vitro study

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sissy Maria Mendes Machado ◽  
Diego Bruno Pinho do Nascimento ◽  
Robson Costa Silva ◽  
Sandro Cordeiro Loretto ◽  
David Normando
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Tooth Whitening

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in vitro the effects of tooth whitening using gel with Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP) on the bond strength of metal brackets. METHODS: Thirty-six bovine incisors were sectioned at the crown-root interface, and the crowns were then placed in PVC cylinders. The specimens were divided into 3 groups (n = 12) according to whitening treatment and type of gel used, as follows: G1 (control) = no whitening; G2 = whitening with gel not containing ACP (Whiteness Perfect - FGM), G3 = whitening with gel containing ACP (Nite White ACP - Discus Dental). Groups G2 and G3 were subjected to 14 cycles of whitening followed by an interval of 15 days before the bonding of metal brackets. Shear bond strength testing was performed on a Kratos universal test machine at a speed of 0.5 mm/min. After the mechanical test, the specimens were assessed to determine the adhesive remnant index (ARI). The results were subjected to ANOVA, Tukey's test and Kruskal-Wallis test (5%). RESULTS: Significant differences were noted between the groups. Control group (G1 = 11.10 MPa) showed a statistically higher shear bond strength than the groups that underwent whitening (G2 = 5.40 Mpa, G3 = 3.73 MPa), which did not differ from each other. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of ARI. CONCLUSION: Tooth whitening reduces the bond strength of metal brackets, whereas the presence of ACP in the whitening gel has no bearing on the results.

scholarly journals The Impact of Chlorhexidine Mouth Rinse on the Bond Strength of Polycarbonate Orthodontic Brackets

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 688-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukumaran Anil ◽  
Farouk Ahmed Hussein ◽  
Mohammed Ibrahim Hashem ◽  
Elna P Chalisserry
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mouth Rinse ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Objective The purpose of the current in-vivo study was to assess the effect of using 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) mouth rinse, before bonding, on shear bond strength of polycarbonate brackets bonded with composite adhesive. Subjects and methods Eighteen orthodontic patients with a mean age 21.41 ± 1.2 years, who were scheduled to have 2 or more first premolars extracted, were included in this study. Patients were referred for an oral prophylaxis program which included, in part, the use of a mouth rinse. Patients were divided into 2 groups, a test group of 9 patients who used 0.12% CHX gluconate mouth rinse twice daily and a control group of 9 patients who used a mouth rinse without CHX, but with same color. After 1 week, polycarbonate brackets were bonded to first premolars with Transbond XT composite adhesive. Premolars were extracted after 28 days and tested for shear bond strength on a universal testing machine. Student's t-test was used to compare shear bond strengths of both groups. Results No statistically significant difference was found in bond strengths’ values between both groups. The test group (with CHX) has mean shear bond strength of 14.21 ± 2.42 MPa whereas the control group (without CHX) revealed a mean strength of 14.52 ± 2.31 MPa. Conclusion The use of 0.12% CHX mouth rinse, for one week before bonding, did not affect the shear bond strength of polycarbonate brackets bonded with Transbond composite. Furthermore, these brackets showed clinically acceptable bond strength. How to cite this article Hussein FA, Hashem MI, Chalisserry EP, Anil S. The Impact of Chlorhexidine Mouth Rinse on the Bond Strength of Polycarbonate Orthodontic Brackets. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):688-692.

scholarly journals Comparative Time-Dependent Evaluation of Dimensional Accuracy of Dies Using Different Tray Adhesives: An In Vitro Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Ramandeep Kaur ◽  
Manjit Kumar ◽  
Shailesh Jain ◽  
Neha Jindal
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Crosshead Speed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Separation Failure

Abstract Statement of Problem The adhesion of impression material to impression tray is very important. Tray adhesive plays a major role in making accurate impression. Although manufactures recommend the use of particular tray adhesives, comparison of their affective adhesiveness has not been reported. The effect of use of tray adhesives on dimensional accuracy of dies has not been established. Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the dimensional accuracy of dies using different tray adhesives at different time intervals. Materials and Methods First part of study comprised 120 samples in six groups with 20 samples in each group. First group comprised samples with no tray adhesive, and in other five groups, different types of tray adhesives were applied. The dies obtained were evaluated for upper diameter, lower diameter, and occlusogingival height. In the second part, there were a total of 125 samples in five groups with 25 samples in each group. Five different types of tray adhesive were applied for five different time intervals 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 minutes, respectively. The specimens were tested in tensile mode for its debonding force at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min, until separation failure occurred. Results Significant difference was seen for upper and lower diameters when compared with the group without any tray adhesive. The maximum bond strength was found in the group in which tray adhesive was applied for 20 minutes.

scholarly journals Prototype of a new tip developed to be coupled to dental light-curing units for optimizing bonding of orthodontic brackets and accessories

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
Sergio Luiz Mota Júnior ◽  
Márcio José da Silva Campos ◽  
Marco Abdo Gravina ◽  
Marcelo Reis Fraga ◽  
Robert Willer Farinazzo Vitral
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Light Refraction ◽  
New Device ◽  
Halogen Light ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Light Curing

OBJECTIVE: development of a new device to be coupled to light-curing units for bonding orthodontic brackets and accessories, and test its efficacy in an in vitro mechanical trial. The inner surface of the device is mirrored and is based on physical concepts of light refraction and reflection. The main advantage of such device is the reduced clinical time needed for bonding and the low possibility of contamination during the process. METHODS: One hundred and twenty specimens were used for testing the shear bond strength of brackets bonded with the device. The Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) was also determined. The sample was divided into 2 groups. In group 1 a halogen light-curing unit was used while in group 2 a led light-curing unit was used. Each group was then subdivided. In subgroups H1 and L1, a conventional light guide rod was used while in subgroups H2 and L2 bonding was performed with the mirrored device coupled to the tip of the guide light rod. RESULTS: The values obtained for the shear bond strength and the ARI in the subgroups were compared. Results showed that there was no statistically significant difference for the shear strength (p > 0.05) and the ARI (p > 0.05) between the subgroups. CONCLUSION: The tests of mechanical trials and the ARI analysis showed that the new device fulfilled the requirements for bonding orthodontic accessories, and that the time for bonding was reduced to half, being necessary only one light exposure.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the bond strength of orthodontic brackets and the degree of polymerisation and microhardness of an orthodontic adhesive using polyvawe light curing unit and varying light densities

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 9p
Author(s):  
Nuri Mert Topbasi ◽  
Yasin Atakan Benkli
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bond Failure ◽  
Adhesive Resin ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Light Curing

Objective: This study evaluates the shear bond strength (SBS) and Vickers micro-hardness (VHN) of the orthodontic adhesive resin Transbond XT using thermocycled samples. The study also measures the degree of cure by poliwave light curing unit Valo. Materials and Methods: 135 brackets were bonded for the SBS test, and 90 disc-shaped orthodontic adhesive resins were prepared for the VHN test. The measurements were taken either immediately or after 500 or 10.0000 thermocycling. The SBS and VHN test data were statistically evaluated using a Two-way ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison tests. The degree of conversion (DC) was measured by FTIR. Results: The 10-sec polymerized control group (57.08) and the 10.000 termocycled samples (55.96) had the highest VHN scores. On the other hand, the 3 second polymerized and the 10.000 termocycled samples (39.22) had the lowest VHN scores. There was no significant difference in the bracket SBS values between the termocycled and immediate groups. An evaluation of the bond failure surfaces revealed that the ARI scores did not differ between the immediate and the thermo-cycled groups according to the power modes. The FTIR results revealed that the lowest DC was seen in the 3 second light-cured sample. Conclusion: Transbond XT provided sufficient bonding in terms of microhardness and DC under in vitro bracket bonding conditions after 10 and 8 seconds of Poliwave LED curing. However, low mean values were seen in the groups that received Poliwave LED curing for only 3 seconds. KEYWORDSARI score; FTIR; Light-Emitting Diode; Orthodontics; Thermocycling.

scholarly journals Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of Metal Brackets Bonded to Porcelain Surface using Different Surface Conditioning Methods: An in vitro Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
PV Girish ◽  
Uma Dinesh ◽  
CS Ramachandra Bhat ◽  
Pradeep Chandra Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Bond Failure ◽  
Surface Conditioning ◽  
Ceramic Surfaces

ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate and compare the shear bond strength of metal brackets bonded to ceramic surfaces using different conditioning methods and to assess the site of bond failure after debonding. Materials and methods A total of 70 ceramic surfaces were produced with uniform shape, size and composition. The samples were divided into 7 groups (each of 10 samples). Group 1 was the control group (untreated surface); in group 2 the surface were roughened with a diamond bur; in group 3 the surface were etched with hydrofluoric acid; in group 4 the surfaces were sandblasted; in group 5 the surfaces roughened with bur and silane applied; in group 6 the surfaces were etched with hydrofluoric acid and silane applied and in group 7 the surfaces were sandblasted and silane applied. To all the above groups, metal orthodontic brackets were bonded with light cure adhesive. The brackets were later stored in artificial saliva and incubated at 37°C (24 hours). The samples were then subjected to shear bond strength test using an Instron universal testing machine. The debonded porcelain surfaces were then studied under stereomicroscope to assess site of bond failure. Results Sandblasting the ceramic surface and silane application showed the highest bond strength. Stereomicroscope examination after debonding showed that the bond failure is at bracket-adhesive interface in four groups namely hydrofluoric acid, sandblasting, hydrofluoric acid with silane and sandblasting with silane. Conclusion Sandblasting with silane combination produced the highest shear bond strength, so it is a clinically suitable method for bonding orthodontic metal brackets onto ceramic surface. Clinical relevance Bonding orthodontic brackets to ceramic crowns of patients has been a tough task. In this study, different conditioning methods were used to treat the ceramic surfaces before bonding. The results showed that sandblasting the ceramic surface prior to application of silane produced the highest shear bond strength which is clinically suitable to reduce bond failures. How to cite this article Girish PV, Dinesh U, Bhat CSR, Shetty PC. Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of Metal Brackets Bonded to Porcelain Surface using Different Surface Conditioning Methods: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4):487-493.

scholarly journals Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of MIM Technology Brackets with Conventional and Rail-Shaped Mesh Bases: An In Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-260
Author(s):  
Francisco Molina ◽  
Karina Maria Salvatore Freitas ◽  
Maria Cristina Rockenbach Binz Ordóñez ◽  
Emerson Flamarion Cruz ◽  
Rafael Pinelli Henriques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Metal Injection Molding ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mim Technology

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the shear bond strength of two types of MIM (Metal Injection Molding) technology brackets, one with conventional mesh base and the other with rail-shaped mesh base. Materials and Methods: Forty human premolars received the bonding of 2 types of brackets: Group 1- 20 Synergy metal brackets (Rocky Mountain) with conventional mesh base and Group 2-20 H4 brackets (OrthoClassic) with rail-shaped mesh base. Both brackets were bonded with Resilience photopolymerizable resin (OrthoTechnology). The specimens were coupled to a Tinius Olsen universal test machine where the shear test was performed using a chisel. In addition, the amount of remaining resin in tooth crown with the ImageJ program was evaluated and the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI). Intergroup comparison was performed by the independent t test and Chi-square test. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups for any of the measures evaluated indicating that the mesh type of the brackets’ base with MIM technology did not influence the shear bond strength of the brackets (shear bond strength, p=0.191; maximum load registered, p=0.244). There was also no difference between the percentage (p=0.602) and area of remaining resin in the teeth (p=0.805) and IRA (p=0.625) between the Synergy and H4 groups. Conclusion: Shear bond strength was similar in the two types of brackets with MIM technology evaluated. In addition, the remaining resin in the dental enamel of two types of brackets were also similar.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets – a Review of In Vitro Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleed Bakhadher ◽  
Hassan Halawany ◽  
Nabeel Talic ◽  
Nimmi Abraham ◽  
Vimal Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Bonding System ◽  
Ceramic Brackets ◽  
Bonding Systems

The adhesive material used to bond orthodontic brackets to teeth should neither fail during the treatment period, resulting in treatment delays, untoward expenses or patient inconvenience nor should it damage the enamel on debonding at the end of the treatment. Although the effectiveness of a bonding system and any unfavorable effects on the enamel may be studied by conductingin-vivostudies, it is nearly impossible to independently analyze different variables that influence a specific bonding system in the oral environment.In-vitrostudies, on the other hand, may utilize more standardized protocols for testing different bonding systems and materials available. Thus, the present review focused attention onin-vitrostudies and made an attempt to discuss material-related, teeth-related (fluorotic vs non-fluorotic teeth) and other miscellaneous factors that influences the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Within the limitations of this review, using conventional acid-etch technique, ceramic brackets and bonding to non-fluorotic teeth was reported to have a positive influence on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets, but higher shear bond strength found on using ceramic brackets can be dangerous for the enamel.

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